At the opening ceremony of the 8th "Challenge Cup" Chinese College Student Entrepreneurship Plan Competition finals, students from Tongji University performed a unique performance based on "Entrepreneurship Mario" adapted from the video game "Super Mario". (Photo of this newspaper’s file) Reporter Zhao Qing/Photographed

In the era of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation”, many young people choose to start a business, and governments from the central to local governments have introduced many encouraging policies. How do young “grassroots” entrepreneurs feel the warmth of the policy? A few days ago, China Youth Daily reporters heard a lot of stories at the grassroots level, both good and bad.

After getting the license, she may no longer be a college entrepreneur

27-year-old Xiaoni (the interviewee requested a pseudonym) founded a nursing home in Liaoning Province in 2014. For college graduates to start their own businesses, the state and local governments have preferential policies, such as small guaranteed loans, rental subsidies, employee insurance subsidies, and entrepreneurial tax subsidies. But she cannot enjoy these policies—the business license has never been obtained.

"I checked the duration of the college student entrepreneurship policy, and it is usually five years. If the license cannot be obtained by 2017, I will not be able to use all the preferential policies." Xiao Ni was very distressed.

According to Xiaoni, the approval process for elderly care institutions is generally divided into four steps: Civil Affairs Bureau verification, fire department construction approval, catering hygiene review, and environmental impact assessment.

At the end of 2013, Xiaoni, who graduated from university, had the idea of ??setting up a nursing home. After consulting the district Civil Affairs Bureau, she signed a 10-year lease contract to rent the house and went to the district Civil Affairs Bureau for verification. formalities. The District Civil Affairs Bureau issued a "Notice of Preliminary Approval of the Name of a Municipal Social Organization" for her. "This notice can be used as a certificate for the proposed social organization to handle capital verification matters."

She took the verification notice and went to the Fire Department of the Municipal Affairs Service Center for fire protection construction review. The staff told her that the house she rented was industrial land and could not be used to run a nursing home. "I asked them which regulations they were based on, but they didn't make it clear. After returning home, I checked the "Fire Protection Law", "Regulations on Fire Supervision and Management of Construction Projects" and other relevant laws and regulations, but I couldn't find any relevant regulations." Xiao Ni recalls.

The "Several Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of the Elderly Care Service Industry" issued in 2013 stated that our country has entered a stage of rapid development of population aging. The number of elderly people over 60 years old will reach 243 million in 2020, and will reach 243 million in 2025. exceeded 300 million. All localities should further lower the threshold for social forces to establish elderly care institutions in terms of capital, space, personnel, etc. There is a sentence in it: "Encourage private capital to integrate and transform corporate factories, commercial facilities and other available social resources for elderly care services."

Xiao Ni took the State Council document and went to the Fire Department again . This time, the fire department asked her to go home and wait on the grounds that the local government had not issued corresponding documents.

Waiting until August 2015, she obtained three documents from the Civil Affairs Bureau, namely the "Meeting Memorandum on Issues Related to Fire Protection Approval for Using Idle Industrial Plants to Establish Elderly Welfare Institutions" issued by the municipal government. "(hereinafter referred to as the "Memo"), "Report of the Municipal Planning and Land Resources Bureau on the Opinions of the Municipal Planning and Land Resources Bureau on the Use of Idle Industrial Plants to Establish Elderly Welfare Institutions" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"), issued by the District Government The "Reply Letter of the District People's Government on the Opinions of Using Idle Industrial Plants to Establish Elderly Welfare Institutions" (hereinafter referred to as the "Reply Letter").

Among them, the "Memo" states: "The seven projects declared by each district to use idle industrial plants to establish welfare institutions for the elderly are the first batch of pilot projects; the Municipal Planning and Land and Resources Bureau will implement the plan in accordance with the spirit of the document. On the premise of changing the nature of the land, 7 projects will be reviewed and a letter of approval will be issued to the Municipal Public Security Bureau for the use of industrial plants to build elderly care institutions. "The "Report" pointed out: "If the district government has no intention to expropriate and transform the above-mentioned land in the near future. "Our bureau intends to agree to temporarily use the above-mentioned land as a welfare institution for the elderly." The "Reply Letter" stated: "The district government has no intention of expropriating and transforming the land for the time being, and intends to agree to use the land temporarily as a welfare institution for the elderly."

”

Xiao Ni said: “At that time, the Civil Affairs Bureau told me that these materials were enough, and I could carry out fire protection construction approval once I got them. "She came to the Municipal Service Center again with these three materials. This time the staff informed that the district fire department had the power of independent review and approval. She found the district fire brigade again.

"District Fire Department The brigade staff asked me to take out the documents issued by the Municipal Public Security Bureau. I went to the Municipal Public Security Bureau, but I was stopped at the Communication Office of the Municipal Public Security Bureau. They said that there was no specialized department that could handle my matter, and they didn’t know who to call to receive me. "Xiao Ni recalled.

In November 2015, Xiao Ni received a call from the Civil Affairs Bureau and learned that the city government had issued a new document, namely, "Regulations on the Use of Idle Factory Buildings to Establish Elderly Welfare Institutions" "Minutes of the Meeting". According to the minutes, "In principle, we agree with the work opinions put forward by the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, that is, on the premise that the land and housing relationships of the original idle factories remain unchanged, the use of idle factories to establish elderly welfare institutions shall be the responsibility of the Municipal Planning and Land Bureau. , review and confirm the building renovation design of the idle factory building, and issue planning review opinions; the Municipal Construction Committee and the Public Security Bureau (Fire Fighting Brigade) are responsible for reviewing and confirming the building renovation construction drawing design and fire protection special design respectively based on the planning review opinions. and issue review opinions. ”

Xiao Ni went to the district fire brigade again. This time the fire brigade stated that according to the above minutes, she needed to first pass the review and confirmation of the Municipal Planning and Land and Resources Bureau, and then get the relevant materials of the planning review opinions. However, the land and resources bureaus at the municipal and district levels told her that they had never handled this type of business. After going back and forth several times, they told her to do a safety appraisal of senior housing first, and the budget given by the appraisal agency was 63,000 yuan.

She did not do this appraisal. “I am not sure yet whether the appraisal results are useful. If I spend money on the appraisal and some departments don’t approve it, then the money will be wasted. ”

Because she does not have a business license, Xiaoni cannot apply for loans, nor can she enjoy a series of policies to encourage entrepreneurs. Her employees’ social security also encountered problems. She had previously invested in renovations and purchased nursing facilities. A lot of money has been spent.

At this point, Xiaoni has been trying to apply for a business license for more than two years. She doesn’t know how long it will take to get it, and whether it will be possible in the future.

When "complaining" to a China Youth Daily reporter, she said she was "confused"

At 3 p.m., everyone stopped working

Start doing exercises

28-year-old Zhao Ming (the interviewee requested a pseudonym) established a professional agricultural cooperative to engage in the breeding and sales of ecological pigs.

In March 2015, he was deeply moved. In August, he came to the administrative office hall of a district industrial and commercial bureau in Shenyang City. The staff did not know how to register a cooperative. He then went to the administrative office hall of the industrial and commercial bureau in another administrative district. The staff here said that it could be done, but animals were needed. Procedures issued by the quarantine department.

Zhao Ming went to an animal quarantine department in Shenyang City. The person in charge of the department said that since 2015, this business no longer requires procedures issued by the animal quarantine department, and the industrial and commercial department will The registration business can be handled.

When Zhao Ming returned to the Industrial and Commercial Bureau to prepare for it, the staff still refused to handle it. Zhao Ming had to explain the situation to a leader of the bureau. After the leader looked through the relevant documents, Only then did we learn that this business no longer requires the procedures of the animal quarantine department.

Zhao Ming told a China Youth Daily reporter: "The two district industrial and commercial bureaus have different working principles. Some can handle it, and some can't. He also said it couldn't be done. In addition, the staff will not take the initiative to learn new policies, and we need to find leaders to point them out one by one. They work like robots. Things that could have been handled in a week ended up in a lot of wrong ways and delayed for more than a month. time. "

In 2015, Zhao Ming came to a certain department to work. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, all the staff stopped working and stood up to do exercises collectively. All the staff who came to work had to watch them do exercises and wait. Resume the business after completion.

"Whose responsibility is the time wasted by doing exercises? No matter whether the person is in a hurry or not, he has to wait patiently." Zhao Ming said.

Another time, he went to a certain tax department to handle business, and all the staff attended training, so his trip was in vain.

Zhao Ming is very concerned about agricultural policy. The country continues to deepen rural reform, support food production, and increase farmers' income. It introduces many agricultural subsidy projects and policies every year. But after asking around, he didn’t know exactly how to apply for these policies or which department he should go to. According to his understanding, there are specialized intermediaries that can handle rural subsidy business, but they charge a commission on the subsidy.

Zhao Ming rejects this approach. He thinks it is a shame to obtain state subsidies in this way.

One year, due to the influenza epidemic, all the pigs raised by Zhao Ming were buried. He reviewed the "Pig Breeding Subsidy Policy" and other policies that benefit farmers, and believed that he should enjoy subsidies for losses caused by livestock and poultry diseases, but in the end, all losses were borne by him personally.

He hopes that external windows such as the government affairs hall can publish the business processing procedures in detail, and it can be clear at a glance how the country's support for entrepreneurship policies are implemented and which departments are responsible, so that everyone can feel the warmth of the policy fairly.

Yang Cheng (the interviewee requested a pseudonym) started trying to start a business when he was in school. The "Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the State Administration of Taxation, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on the Continuing Implementation of Tax Policies to Support and Promote Entrepreneurship and Employment of Key Groups" stipulates that for those who hold an "Employment and Unemployment Registration Certificate" (marked with "Self-entrepreneurship Tax Policy" or attached with "College and Universities If a person who holds a "Graduate Self-Employment Certificate") is engaged in self-employment, the business tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax that should be actually paid in the current year will be deducted in sequence according to the limit of 8,000 yuan per household per year within 3 years. . Holding an Entrepreneurship Certificate, he hoped to obtain the above-mentioned tax exemption.

However, when he came to the tax bureau in the district where the company is located to consult, the staff said they had never heard of this policy. He went to tax offices in other regions. The staff all said that they had never heard of or handled this business, and asked Yang Cheng to "just go wherever he heard about it."

Yang Cheng said that relevant departments engaged in entrepreneurial management can consider setting up special windows for entrepreneurs to guide the handling of these businesses.

“A warm government is like a big customer service”

At the same time, there are also some grassroots entrepreneurs who have prospered because of the enthusiastic support from government departments.

In 2014, several young people in Shenyang jointly registered "Shenyang Duanyun Yizao Technology Co., Ltd." after graduating from college. The "Duanyun Easy Manufacturing" team has cooperated with many companies with the help of its own 3D printers, and the products it has developed have also obtained a number of patents.

Shao Shuai, the head of "Duanyun Yizao" company, has personally experienced that after my country's reform from the paid-in registration system for registered capital to the subscription registration system, registering a company has become easier. If you do not consider future product trademark registration and other related matters, you only need to prepare all the materials and go to the local administrative approval hall to apply for a license. The process is very simple and time-consuming, and the approval can basically be completed on the same day. In addition, college graduates who start a business can also enjoy related discounts such as small guaranteed loans of up to 80,000 yuan for individuals, rental subsidies, insurance subsidies, and business tax-free subsidies.

In mid-2014, "End Cloud Easy to Make" was in its infancy, and the demand for funds was urgent. At an event held by the Shenyang Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, the "Duanyun Yizao" team participated in the college student entrepreneurship project display with 3D printers and other projects. Leaders of the municipal government and the Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security have paid attention to the "Duanyun Easy to Make" project. Shao Shuai also learned a lot about the preferential policies for college graduates to start their own businesses at the meeting. After the meeting, Hou Wei, director of the Entrepreneurship Guidance Division of the Shenyang Employment and Talent Service Bureau, asked Shao Shuai about the company's situation.

According to Shao Shuai's recollection, they learned from the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau that there were about 30 low-profit projects in Shenyang that could apply for small-amount guaranteed loans, and they wanted to give it a try.

When Shao Shuai went to the Shenyang Human Resources and Social Security Bureau for consultation, he was told that 3D printing was not within the scope of loan approval. He called Hou Wei for help. Hou Wei helped Shao Shuai coordinate among various departments many times. A deputy director of the Tiexi Branch of the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau coordinated many times with banks, municipal bureaus and other departments for Shao Shuai's loan project.

Shao Shuai said: "This makes me very touched. It was unthinkable that a deputy director could coordinate so much for our college student entrepreneurship project."

2015 Within six months, Shao Shuai received a loan of 80,000 yuan. During the whole process, he only went to the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau to submit materials twice. He said that he did feel that the functions of the government had changed, and it no longer felt as "out of reach" as before. On my own entrepreneurial journey, the government’s “big customer service” helped me a lot.