Crack the mystery of "Xinghua Village" in Du Mu's poem!
Part 1:
The Xinghua Village referred to in Du Mu's poem is located on the edge of Chizhou City, Anhui Province Xinghua Village
A few days ago, I accompanied two auditors from the national industry quality certification agency to Guichi. When passing by the gate of Huanggong Jiulong on the Qiupu River near the city, I thought of what Du Mu wrote back then. The popular poem "Qingming":
It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and passers-by are about to lose their souls. I asked where the restaurant is, and the shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village.
He talks to his colleagues. An auditor from Shanxi said that this poem by Du Mu was written here.
Obviously this auditor did not know much about this. He said that when our Shanxi Xinghuacun Liquor was advertising, it was also Mentioned this poem by Du Mu. The implication is that this poem by Du Mu was written in Shanxi.
I have never seen this advertisement for Shanxi Xinghuacun Winery, but I know that Shanxi people will Propaganda, but this propaganda conveyed a wrong message and misled many people across the country, including this auditor from Beijing, and misled these people for many years.
Huichang Four to Six Years ( AD 844-846), the poet Du Mu moved from Huangzhou to be the governor of Chizhou. He served as a state official for two years and left dozens of poems. The poem "Qingming" was written by him during his spring visit to Xinghua Village, his residence, rather than In Xinghua Village, Shanxi.
I explained to the Shanxi auditor from the following three aspects that Du Mu’s "Qingming" was not written in Shanxi.
1. It rains during Qingming They are typical southern climate characteristics, which Shanxi does not have
2. A painter in the Tang Dynasty once made a painting based on Du Mu's "Qingming" poem. In the painting, a shepherd boy wears a bamboo hat and a raincoat riding on a buffalo. On the back, bamboo hats and coir raincoats are used by southerners, not northerners. Water buffaloes are only found in the south, and cattle are all found in the north.
3. Du Mu has never been an official in Shanxi, and historically he has not There is no record of Du Mu's visit to Shanxi. The creation time of the "Qingming" poem is consistent with Du Mu's appointment as the governor of Chizhou.
From this, we can draw the conclusion that what Du Mu refers to in his poem Xinghua Village is located in Xinghua Village on the edge of Chizhou City, Anhui Province. This conclusion is of course recognized by the Shanxi auditor
Huanggong Jiulong in Chizhou City is a place worth visiting. Friends are welcome to visit When going to Jiuhua Mountain, stop by Huanggong Jiulong.
Second article:
Lang Sui, a native of Guichi in the Qing Dynasty: devoted himself to compiling "Xinghua Village Chronicles", which was included in "Sikuquanshu".
It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to die. May I ask where the restaurant is? The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village.
This popular poem by Du Mu, a poet of the late Tang Dynasty, is The "Qingming" poem of "Qingming Festival" sings about the intoxicating rain, flowers and wine of Qingming Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, and also sings about a famous Xinghua Village through the ages.
Xinghua Village got its name from the poem. "Shepherd Boy Yao Yao" Referring to "Xinghua Village in Chizhou".
Chizhou was also known as Chiyang County in the Tang Dynasty. It was established as a state in the fourth year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty. Chizhou Prefecture governs Qiupu County (today's Guichi District). The territory has beautiful mountains and rivers and beautiful scenery. The picturesque Jiangnan scenic spots such as Jiuhua Mountain, Qishan, Qiupu River, and Baiya Mountain have attracted many famous poets to linger and sing. The great poet Li Bai left "Seventeen Qiupu Songs", and Su Shi once wrote "Qingxi Ci". Sima Guang wrote "Qishan Presents Wang Shiwei", and Yue Fei wrote "Chizhou Cuiwei Pavilion"... Each masterpiece is as brilliant as a pearl, adding dazzling luster to the ancient and magical land of Chizhou.
From the fourth to sixth year of Huichang (AD 844-846), the poet Du Mu moved from Huangzhou to be the governor of Chizhou. He served as a state official for two years and left dozens of poems. "Qingming" was written by Chengxing during his spring visit to Xinghua Village, his residence.
In ancient times, Xinghua Village was located in the west of Guichi City, with apricot flowers everywhere on the hills. There were many wineries in the village, especially the famous "Huanggong Winery".
"Xinghua Village Chronicles" of the Qing Dynasty ” recorded: “The Jiu Cong thatched cottage is located among the red apricot bushes, with bamboo fences and firewood openings facing the lake. The treetops of tallow trees and the wine flags are high, and the wind is blowing, making people drunk before they drink. There is a mouth in the Jiu Cong courtyard. 'Huanggongjing', the water is like a fragrant spring, which is inexhaustible. The wine brewed from this water is popular among people at that time."
Every time during the Qingming Festival, the spring breeze is drunk and the apricot blossoms are in full bloom. The small village is "a red color for ten miles of smoke" and "a secluded village with wine and flowers". Its beauty and prosperity are evident.
"Poetry is beautiful because of the scenery, and the scenery is famous because of the poetry." Du Mu's poem "Qingming" attracted literati from all dynasties to come here to drink wine, recite poems and compose poems.
According to statistics, Chizhou has a documented history.
There are more than 300 famous poets singing around Xinghua Village, and they have written more than 700 poems. The saying of "the best poetry village in the world" has spread like wildfire.
The famous Xinghua Village has continued to It was built in the Qing Dynasty, with a radius of more than ten miles, with romantic apricot blossoms, as bright as haze, pavilions, pavilions, and wine curtains in huts. There were "Apricots" such as Tiefo Temple, Baipu Lotus Breeze, Qiyun Songyue, Duwu Fisherman's Song, etc. "Twelve Scenes of Huacun".
In the Qing Dynasty, Guichi native Lang felt its uniqueness and devoted himself to compiling "Xinghua Village Chronicles", which was included in "Sikuquanshu".
Building Chronicles with Villages , unique in our country, which shows the great reputation of Xinghua Village.
The world has changed and wars have occurred frequently. The ancient scenery of Xinghua Village has gradually changed beyond recognition. Only the Huanggong Well has survived since the Tang Dynasty. Witness the ups and downs.
Xinghua Village is a cultural monument that integrates humanistic landscapes and natural landscapes. It is the most distinctive historical and cultural village in Chizhou City, Anhui Province.
Chizhou people understand this well. The main reason why Guichi was listed as a provincial historical and cultural city by the Provincial People's Government in 1996 is because there is Xinghua Village in the west of the city, and there is also a provincial key protection unit in the village - the ancient well of Xinghua Village in the Tang Dynasty. In ancient times, it was called "Huanggong Well", also known as "Xiangquan Well".
In the anals of our country, those who set aspirations for the village are very rare.
It can be included in the largest document in ancient China. The only village chronicle in the "Sikuquanshu" is Chizhou's "Xinghua Village Chronicle".
It should be said that this is all due to the huge effect of Du Gong's eternal masterpiece "Qingming" poem.
When Du Mu served as the governor of Chizhou in the fourth to sixth years of Huichang (844-846), he visited Xinghua Village in the west of Fucheng in the spring and wrote this artistic masterpiece full of Jiangnan style.
After that, all dynasties Celebrities came here in droves, and the ancient village was constantly built. By the Qing Dynasty, the entire Xinghua Village had formed an antique and picturesque scenic spot area with a radius of more than 10 miles, including the famous "Twelve Scenes of Xinghua Village".
That is: Spring rise in the spring, Iron Buddha Zen Forest, Baipu lotus breeze, Huanggong Jiulong, Santai sunset, Sangtuo Danfeng, Qiyun Songyue, Xixiang mist and rain, Zhaoming Academy, Tea fields and wheat waves, Duwu fishermen's songs and Meizhou Xiaoxue.
However, the ancient Xinghua Village has experienced ups and downs and changes over the years, especially the indiscriminate bombing by the Japanese invaders, which caused the destruction of the twelve scenic spots in the ancient Xinghua Village.
< p>The spring breeze of reform and opening up has brought vitality to the ancient Xinghua Village.On November 21, 1984, the former Guichi County Government proposed to "list the apricot flower as the county flower" and "the Qing Dynasty Festival". As a beautiful idea for the "Apricot Blossom Festival" and "turning Guichi into a city of apricot blossoms".
In the first spring of the 1990s, Guichi City built a building not far from the ruins of Zhaoming Academy. The large-scale Xinghua Village Park - the Martyrs Cemetery. During the Qingming Festival, it becomes a base for the children of Chizhou, especially young people, to remember the martyrs' ambitions and carry out patriotic education.
Among the "Twelve Scenes" Duhu Lake refers to the water surface where Qiupu River flows into the Yangtze River.
There are Duwuzhuang and Duwu Mountain on the lakeshore, and there is a fishing village called Duwu Village in the valley.
Since ancient times, There is a ferry on the Qiupu River, called Duwu Ferry, which has been crossed for thousands of years with poles and oars.
In August 1990, the government built the Qiupu River on the Qiupu River, which is "as clear as autumn". A majestic Duwu Bridge was built, ending a thousand-year ferry history and setting up a magnificent rainbow for the Duhu scenic spot in Xinghua Village.
At the end of 1997, the Guichi Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government decided to rebuild Xinghua Village. Huacun and the development of Xinghua Village scenic spots as a strategy to establish the "Xinghua Village Famous Brand" have put the restoration and construction of Xinghua Village's historic sites on the important agenda. This move has received support from the Ministry of Construction and relevant departments in the province.
The Huanggong Well of Huanggong Liquor was historically known as "the fragrant spring is like wine and is inexhaustible." The local Xinghuacun Liquor Co., Ltd. and Xinghuacun Liquor Company have successively developed "Xingcun", "Shepherd" and "Jiuhuashan". A series of famous wines with three registered trademarks, and dozens of varieties of products are launched as tourist souvenirs, adding infinite poetry and painting to Qiangu Xinghua Village.
At the turn of the new millennium, with the " With the implementation of the "Two Mountains and One Lake" (Huangshan-Jiuhuashan-Taiping Lake) tourism economic zone strategy, Xinghua Village ushered in a bright spring.
Mr. Zhan Xiaorong, an overseas Chinese and the owner of Ohua Company, presented the ancient Xinghua Village with Attracted, the Xinghua Village reconstruction project kicked off, and the Xinghua Village ancient well gate, Huanggong wine cellar and the iconic ancient bottle sculpture in the middle of the street were built.
Recently, the Chizhou Municipal Government
We are beginning to organize the drawing of a blueprint for the overall project of Xinghua Village. The eternally famous village will have an infinitely better tomorrow, and a beautiful scenery will be erected on the tourist hotline of "Two Mountains and One Lake".
By then, Chinese and foreign tourists can once again appreciate the charm of the ancient village of "Ten miles of smoke and one village is red" and "two villages of wine and flowers are secluded".
Part 3:
In Du Mu's poem " The mystery of "Xinghua Village"!
Whenever the Qingming Festival comes, people often think of the "Qingming" poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu: "It rains heavily during the Qingming Festival, and people on the road want to die. May I ask where the restaurant is? "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village from afar." The poem is only four simple lines, but every word is exquisite, which can be called a work handed down from generation to generation. However, when people chanted this masterpiece, they also had a deep question: what Du Mu said Where is Xinghua Village?
For a long time, there have been several "Xinghua Villages" across the country, claiming that they are the ones Du Mu refers to in his poems. They have been in constant dispute, forming a mystery of "Xinghua Village" .
As a result, people tried to find some answers from the "Qingming" poems. The "Qingming" poem has several characteristics such as Qingming, rain, apricot blossoms, and fine wine. These are the characteristics that determine "apricotization". The standard for belonging to "village".
Xinghua Village, Fenyang, Shanxi
Many people believe that Xinghua Village, Fenyang, Shanxi is the "real" Xinghua Village. They say that this Xinghua Village is located in Shanxi To the north of Fenyang County, it is world-famous for the production of Fenjiu. Literati from past dynasties have left many poems and steles inscribed here to praise the beauty of the wine. Du Mu's "Qingming" poem ranks first among the steles - this Of course, it shows that the identity of this Xinghua Village is unmistakable.
However, after research, someone raised two questions:
First, according to the "Chronicle of Du Mu", Du Mu's life was from How can you drink in Fenyang if you have never been to Shanxi?
2. It never rains during Qingming Festival in Fenyang, and sometimes it snows, so why does it “rain a lot during Qingming Festival”?
< p>Two questions hit home. It seems that Xinghua Village in Fenyang, Shanxi is not the "real" Xinghua Village.Xinghua Village in Guichi County, Anhui
Some people also think that Xinghua Village in Guichi County, Anhui Province Xinghua Village in Chi County is the "real" Xinghua Village. They say that this Xinghua Village is in the southwest of Guichi County and was also famous for wine making in ancient times. Du Mu served as an official in Guichi for two years, during which he loved drinking and going on outings, which is recorded .The "Xinghua Village Chronicles of Guichi County" also contains the "Qingming" poem. These all show that this is the Xinghua Village mentioned in Du Mu's poem.
The above reasons seem to be sufficient, but after research, some people Two questions were also raised:
1. Du Mu had already been in office for half a year when he wrote "Qingming". He was a heavy drinker. How could he ask the shepherd boy for directions without knowing where Xinghua Village was?
2. Since he is an official and has servants to serve him when he drinks, why does Du Mu have to ask for it himself?
Inferring from this, the Xinghua Village here is not "true" either.
Xinghua Village in Yixing, Jiangsu
Some people believe that Xinghua Village in Yixing, Jiangsu is the real "Xinghua Village". Their view is that Du Mu lived in Huzhou after he resigned from office in his later years. At this time, Du Mu was a little depressed and would often To relieve his boredom, he visited Yixing, a neighboring county, and lived in Shilibei, Yixing, where he also built a waterside pavilion. According to local chronicles, there was a village near Shilibei surrounded by apricot trees. Obviously, this was the Xinghua Village described by Du Mu.
Unfortunately, this theory was eventually denied: after research, it was found that there is no "restaurant" here, let alone a history of wine making, and the scenes written in "Qingming" have nothing to do with this place.
p>
Several references to "Xinghua Village" have been denied. Some people say that Du Mu's "Xinghua Village" actually refers to it in general and has no real meaning. "Sikuquanshu·Xinghua Village Chronicles" also says: "What Du Mu did Chi Yangshou, in his poem about traveling during the Qingming Festival, there is a sentence: "May I ask where the restaurant is? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village in the distance." If the words describe the scenery in a general way, it must be true to a village, and the words will be stagnant! "< /p>
However, most people’s opinion is that the Xinghua Village in the poem "Qingming" does exist, but it is too old to be able to discern its authenticity.
It seems that Du Mu The mystery of Xinghua Village in the poem "Qingming" is still difficult to solve for the time being.