Nylon zipper, resin zipper, metal zipper

1. Nylon zipper: invisible zipper, double-bone zipper, woven zipper, reverse zipper, waterproof zipper, etc.

2. Resin zipper: gold (silver) tooth zipper, transparent zipper, translucent zipper, animal luminous zipper, radiant zipper, diamond zipper.

3. Metal zippers: aluminum zippers, copper zippers (brass, white copper, bronze, red copper, etc.), black zippers. 1. Closed tail zipper

2. Open tail zipper (left and right insertion)

3. Double closed tail zipper (X or O)

4. Double open tail zipper Zipper (left and right insertion)

5. Single-sided open tail (left and right insertion, limited to nylon and resin, common hooded style) 1. Self-locking zipper

2. Lockless zipper

3. Semi-automatic locking zipper. According to reports, a novelist named Franco said at a business luncheon to promote a zipper sample: "Pull it, and it will open! Then it will open!" Pull it and it closes!” explains the characteristics of the zipper very concisely. This is where the word zipper comes from.

The prototype of the zipper originally came from the boots worn by people. In the mid-19th century, high boots were very popular and were particularly suitable for walking on muddy or horse excrement roads. However, the disadvantage was that the high boots had more than 20 hook-type buttons, making them extremely time-consuming to put on and take off. This shortcoming troubled the inventor and cost the sponsor a lot of money and patience. In order to avoid the trouble of putting on and taking off their boots, people even endured wearing their boots all day without taking them off. Finally, in 1851, American Elias Howe applied for a patent for a zipper-like design, but it was not commercialized and was even forgotten for half a century.

In 1893 (some say 1883), an American engineer (Kuwaiti) named Judson developed a "sliding tightening device" and obtained a patent. This was the original prototype of the zipper. The emergence of this device had an impact on the button hooks used on high boots. However, this invention did not become popular quickly. The main reason was that the quality of this early locking device was not up to standard and it was easy to loosen at inappropriate times and places, causing embarrassment.

In 1913, the Swede Sandback improved this crude locking device and turned it into a reliable commodity. The method he used was to attach metal locking teeth to a flexible shaft. This zipper works like this: Each tooth is a small hook that mates with an eyelet underneath a small tooth on the next and opposite strap. This type of zipper is strong and can only be opened when the slider slides so that the teeth open.

It was not until the 1890s that a turnaround occurred. Whitcomb L. Judson, a mechanical engineer from Chicago, came up with the idea of ??using a sliding device (slider– device) to fit and separate two rows of buttons (this principle is very similar to that of a zipper, but the term zipper did not appear until about 30 years later). Judison's invention was fortunate to receive financial support from Pennsylvania lawyer Lewis Walker. Walker was highly interested in Judison's new design. During World War I, the U.S. economy was in a slump. Steel cost five cents per pound, and workers' wages were six dollars a week. The company reduced its layoffs, leaving only Sembeck and one other person. Both manager and engineer. The company's economy encountered unprecedented difficulties. In order to repay thousands of dollars in arrears to the Roblin Company that provided the steel wire, Senbeck had to repair a machine to produce paper clips to make money. Fortunately, sponsors kept showing up. James O'Neill, the playwright's father, was touring with a production of "The Count of Monte Cristo" and was impressed by Sembek's Pull-Button zippers. interest.

Although there was a turnaround in his career, Sembek suffered an unprecedented personal blow. His wife died in childbirth. While Sembek was sad, he devoted himself even more to improving zippers.

He applied for a patent again in 1913, and the patent license was approved in 1917 (Patent No. 1219881). Walker calls the patent a "hiddenhook" and is optimistic about the prospects. Walker renamed the company "Hookless Fastener Company" and moved the factory to Meadville.

Senbeck further improved the hookless button. The shape of the teeth was changed into a spoon shape, with a convex top and a concave end. The sliding device can make the left and right "teeth" fit together by sliding the device. The slide back was separated, called the "Hookless No. 2," and a machine was devised to make the toothed portion. In 1913, he officially announced that this technology had been broken through. "American Science" once used Sembeck's patent as a cover story. Six months later, Senbeck was ready to mass-produce the buttons, and Hookless No. 2 was ready to go on the market.

Walker's second son also spent eight years working on improving hookless buttons. Josephine Calhoun of Florida also applied for a patent for a similar safety zipper in 1907. In the same year, Frank Canfielt of Colorado also applied for a patent. Inventors dedicated to research in this area are not only found in the United States. Among them, the ones closest to Sembeck's final product are the patents of Zurich's Katharina Kuhn-Moos and Henri Forster in 1912. However, neither of them has Like hookless No. 2 became a commodity.

Market demand determines the success or failure of a product. There were not many orders for Hookless No. 2 at first. Mcreery department store in Pittsburgh believes that hookless No. 2 is very suitable for use on skirts and suits, and requires manufacturers to adopt hookless No. 2. However, there are not many imitators and they do not dare to take the risk of using new products. In order to win customers, Senbeck constantly improves the performance of zippers to meet needs.

Meadville's factory has become increasingly sophisticated in manufacturing technology. It manufactures 1,630 hookless No. 2s every day without any defective products. As a result, orders are increasing day by day. The First World War also brought new opportunities for new products. Soldiers' money belts increased the demand for hookless No. 2; the use of hookless No. 2 in Air Force flight suits not only saved materials, but also had better windproof effects. ;The Navy's life jackets also use hookless No. 2. The government then allocated special metal materials for production.

Although Hookless No. 2 has proven to be easy to use, it is still not popular because of its high price. Senbeck understands this and is committed to reducing production costs and improving manufacturing efficiency. He invented the S-L machine to reduce unnecessary waste of materials during the production process, requiring only 41℅ of the original raw materials. After reducing production costs, the first product applied was the Locktite tobacco bag. The sales were quite successful. By the end of 1921, the tobacco company required an unprecedented number of hookless No. 2s every week. To accommodate the high demand, the Hookless Button Company built a new factory.

In 1921, B.F. Goodrich Company of Ohio ordered a small amount of products from the Hookless Button Company to be used in the rubber galoshes they produced. After trying it out, we found that the effect was good, so we ordered a large number of them and informed the Hookless Button Company of the shortcomings we discovered. After improvement, the company launched the Mystery Boot, which is characterized by the fact that it can be put on or taken off with just a pull. The marketers were not satisfied with the name of Wonder Boots and wanted to find a name that could better show its characteristics. The manager was inspired and thought of the onomatopoeic word "Zip" - the sound of an object moving quickly, so he changed the name of Wonder Boots to zipper ( Zipper) boots (see Figure 2), the year was 1923. Later, "Zipper" - "zipper" became the general name for all similar hook-free button products. Unfortunately, Judithson passed away in 1909. He had never heard the term "zipper" before him, nor had he seen his invention become popular in the world.

That winter, Haofu Company sold nearly half a million pairs of zipper boots. In the mid-1920s, it bought at least a million zippers a year from Hookless Button Company. Hookless Button Company felt that The word "hookless" has a negative association, and the word "zipper" was coined by a wealthy company. Therefore, the term "Talon" was thought up, and the company was renamed Talon in 1937.

Before 1930, the Hookless Button Company sold 20 million "Eagle Claws" each year, with applications ranging from pen cases to motorboat hoods. But the ready-made garment industry is still waiting and not using it. By the mid-1930s, fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli used "eagle claws" extensively for the first time. The New Yorker described the 1935 spring clothing show as "full of zippers." Since then, the garment industry has gradually adopted zippers. Zipper manufacturing technology gradually spread around the world as the product spread. European countries such as Switzerland and Germany, and Asian countries such as Japan and China began to establish zipper production factories.

In 1917, zippers were introduced to Japan. At that time, due to their scarcity, zippers could only be used as accessories for dignitaries to show off their status. In 1927, in the early Showa era of Japan, Onomichi people in Hiroshima Prefecture began manufacturing zippers and began selling them under the trademark "Clip Brand". At that time, zippers were known for their durability, so "clamp" became synonymous with zippers. To this day, the Japanese still call "zipper" "clamp".

In 1932, Japan began to mass-produce zippers by hand. As advanced machines such as eccentric manual punches were continuously developed at the time, zippers could be mass-produced, prices gradually dropped, and the clothing and luggage industries began to use zippers, making the industry outlook very active.

In 1934, zipper products from Shanghai, Hong Kong and the United States began to be exported in batches. The "Three S Chamber of Commerce", the predecessor of Japan Yoshida Industry Co., Ltd., was founded on January 1 of this year.

After 1937, zippers were sold in large quantities in North America, Central and South America. Zippers finally appeared as an emerging industry, and similarly, zippers also became an important role in Japanese industry. However, the Pacific War broke out in 1941, and Japan eventually became a defeated country. The war brought a devastating blow to Japan's domestic industry, including the zipper industry. At that time, except for some military zipper manufacturers who stayed, almost all other factories were forced to change jobs or Waste industry. After the war in 1946, due to the influence of the U.S. military stationed in Japan at that time, the demand for zippers increased rapidly. However, the huge trauma caused by the war made the Japanese zipper industry unable to cope with demand in the short term. "Japanese-style manufacturing method", the shortcomings of handicraft manufacturing are fully exposed. At that time, it caused a bad image of "zippers easily broken" made in Japan.

In 1950, Japan's "Yoshida Industry Co., Ltd." imported an automatic chain element machine, taking the first step into mechanized production. Subsequently, the company invented the automatic punching machine for sliders and successfully developed it. It not only solved the shortcomings of past manufacturing, but also reformed the manufacturing process to the production process, thereby driving the progress of the entire zipper industry in Japan. (Japanese Yoshida Co., Ltd., product name YKK, has factories in six domestic locations including Urai, Kurobe, Koshiko, Tohoku, Shikoku, and Kyushu, and has established factories in more than 40 countries and regions overseas) In 1951, Japan itself The 30 chain element manufacturing machines manufactured were put into use, finally completing the modern factory equipment that is unrivaled in the industry.

Almost at the same time as the Japanese zipper industry developed, zippers in some European countries, such as Switzerland and Germany, were also developing. In the 1930s, the Swiss company Optilon was established and headquartered in Zug, Switzerland. For decades, the company has taken "comfort" and "quality" as the first elements and continuously improved its design. Through technical cooperation with more than 30 foreign companies, new varieties of zippers have continued to emerge. It has established companies and companies all over the world. The factory has become a world-class zipper company as famous as the American Tailong Zipper Company and the Japanese Yoshida Co., Ltd. In 1953, Germany introduced the first zipper made of plastic, pioneering non-metal zippers.

my country's zipper production was introduced to Shanghai from Japan in 1930.

At that time, Wang He established my country's first zipper factory on Houjia Road in Shanghai. Later, Wu Xiangxin opened another zipper factory, and in 1933 he founded the Shanghai Samsung (namely Huaguang) Zipper Factory.

In 1949, there were more than 20 small and medium-sized zipper companies in my country, employing about 1,000 people. Mainly relying on manual operation, the equipment is rudimentary.

In 1958, Shanghai Samsung Zipper Factory introduced an automatic rice arranging machine produced in Germany and carried out technical reforms, increasing the speed of the automatic rice arranging machine from 1440 rpm to 3000 rpm, which is equivalent to a manual 230 rpm. times; the production of sliders has been reformed from single-head punching to twelve-pass molding at one time, improving production efficiency by more than 50 times; the subsequent processes include flattening, brushing, tape washing, waxing, tape doubling, shuttleless looms and other efficient special equipment The reform was successful; new processes and technologies such as aluminum-magnesium alloy liquid drawing and cemented carbide sintering into integral molds were promoted, realizing the first technological revolution in my country's zipper industry.

In 1958, the invisible zipper (CONCEAL) went on sale.

In 1959, TheGrand (L type) went on sale.

In 1961, the Delrin resin zipper injection molding machine was launched, and Delrin resin zippers began to be sold.

In 1963, EFJON double-bone zipper went on sale.

In 1971, BEULON zippers with knitted fabrics were put on sale.

In 1974, Beijing introduced nylon zipper (horizontal) production equipment from Switzerland; as Tianjin introduced eight polyester zipper production equipment produced in France; soon domestic companies such as Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Guangdong, Other places have successively introduced non-metallic zipper equipment from Germany, Japan, Taiwan and other countries and regions, and non-metallic zipper equipment has begun to develop in our country.

Since 1980, especially after 1995, my country's zipper production has developed at an unprecedented speed. A large number of emerging private zipper companies have emerged, and the scale of Dongguan Yifeng Zipper Factory has continued to expand. Zipper products are constantly increasing, and basically we can produce all three major types of zippers in the world in various varieties and specifications.

In 1999, my country's zipper production achieved its first historic leap, with output exceeding 10 billion meters, becoming the world's largest zipper producer. Judison continues to improve the design of its products to suit the needs of corsets. He spent all his efforts to continuously introduce new inventions, but each progress brought more new problems and cost a lot of money. Partner Walker once described the difficulty of invention, saying that he discovered more problems than he solved during the process.

In 1901, Judison applied for a patent for a machine that could connect a row of zipper teeth. But the machine was too complicated to use, so the Global Sliding Button Company was depressed for a while. After that, the Fastener Manufacturing and Machine Company was established to research and develop machines for sewing zippers, eliminating the inconvenience of manual sewing. In 1904, the company changed its name to the Automatic Hook and Eye Company, and named the product C-curity. This took advantage of the fact that the convex zipper would not loosen easily, but the zipper still often broke. The zipper would open or get stuck, and eventually the entire zipper had to be removed from the garment.

The shortcomings of Judson's design were later solved by Otto Frederick Gideon Sundback, a Swede born in 1880. Senbeck was interested in mechanics since he was a child. He studied in Germany and returned to serve in the country after receiving a degree in electrical engineering in 1903. Later, he immigrated to the United States. I just started working at Siemens in Pittsburgh. Because the work location was very close to Pennsylvania, where the shareholders of the Automatic Hook Button Company, which produced safety zippers, lived. The geographical relationship and the disagreement between Sembeck and his boss at Siemens made him switch to Automatic Hook. The button company's factory is located in Hoboken, New Jersey.

Since 1908, Senbeck began to study the improvement of zippers. He thought hard day and night. He found a way to make the toothed part of the zipper close to prevent it from bursting open, and renamed the safety zipper as Pula buckle ( Plako) zipper (the patent was only applied for in 1913, and the patent number is 1060378. This design is considered an important milestone in the advent of the zipper). However, Senbeck's dream did not come true. The new product still had shortcomings, and many consumers wrote to complain.