Product packaging quality assurance system

GB/T 12 122-89

Product packaging quality assurance system

1 Subject content and scope of application

This standard specifies the basic requirements, measures and implementation methods to ensure the packaging quality of products.

This standard is applicable to the product packaging of production enterprises and also to independent product packaging enterprises.

2 reference standard

GB 1.7 Guidelines for Standardization-Provisions for Preparation of Product Packaging Standards

GB 4 122 general terms for packaging

Basic test of GB 4857 transport packaging

GB 6583. 1 terms of quality management and quality assurance part 1

GB/T 10300 quality management and quality assurance

GB/T 12 12 1 packaging container quality assurance system

3 product packaging quality assurance requirements

3. 1 Requirements for business leaders

Product packaging quality assurance system (including internal quality assurance and external quality assurance) is an important part of enterprise quality assurance system. It is the responsibility of enterprise leaders and relevant business departments to ensure the quality of product packaging. Enterprises should clearly define the quality objectives of product packaging and incorporate them into the quality plan.

Enterprise leaders should make an internal audit plan of the quality system, regularly review and evaluate relevant elements, verify whether the product packaging quality meets the specified quality objectives, and determine the effectiveness of the system. For the problems found in the audit, instruct the relevant departments to take timely measures.

3.2 organization

Enterprises should have leaders in charge of packaging work, quality management departments and relevant business departments should have technical and managerial personnel in charge of or concurrently in charge of packaging, and packaging workshops and their teams should have full-time or part-time packaging quality management personnel to be responsible for daily packaging quality management.

The quality inspection department has full-time packaging inspectors, and the packaging workshop and team conduct self-inspection and mutual inspection, forming a three-level packaging quality inspection network composed of quality inspection department, packaging workshop and team to ensure packaging quality.

3.3 personnel

3.3. 1 personnel quality

The quality of personnel shall meet the following requirements:

A packaging technicians and managers should have a high school education or above, master the professional knowledge of packaging technology and management, and pass the examination;

B packaging workers should have a junior high school education or above and be familiar with the operating procedures and responsibilities of this position.

training

Enterprises should establish a training system, clarify the training requirements, and train all personnel engaged in packaging work.

The trained personnel shall be recorded and evaluated, and formal qualification certificates may be issued if necessary.

For new packaging workers, technical training, quality management and safety education should be carried out, and they can only take up their posts after passing the examination.

Work quality evaluation

The quality of product packaging completed by relevant personnel should be assessed, so that rewards and punishments are clear.

3.4 Product packaging quality assurance system documents

The product packaging quality assurance system of an enterprise should have sufficient documents as the basis and criteria for product packaging quality management.

These documents include:

A. The role of quality management institutions and business departments in product packaging quality management;

B. responsibilities of packaging managers and technicians at all levels;

C. post responsibility system for packaging workers;

D. packaging operation procedures and working standards;

E. Use and maintenance methods of packaging machinery;

F. Packaging quality inspection and packaging acceptance system;

G. Acceptance procedures for packaging materials and containers;

H. technical requirements for packaging design;

First, the unqualified packaging management measures and corrective measures;

J. Measures for packaging quality assessment, rewards and punishments and statistics;

K. special quality manual for packaging;

Management and processing methods of length packaging quality information feedback;

The formulation, review, distribution and modification procedures and management methods of product packaging quality assurance system documents;

The compilation of all the above documents should follow the principles of mandatory, systematic and inspectability. Its content should be simple and easy to understand.

3.5 packaging quality records

Packaging quality records should be established to prove that the product packaging has reached the specified quality requirements and to verify the effect of the product packaging quality assurance system.

Packaging quality records include:

A. Acceptance records of packaging materials and containers;

B. packaging design appraisal records;

C. Inspection reports on packaging materials, containers and packages;

D. packaging inspection and acceptance records;

E. unqualified packaging records;

F. Audit records of internal packaging quality;

G. packaging quality information feedback processing records;

H. Records of rewards and punishments for packaging quality, etc.

For the above quality records, the retention period shall be specified according to different requirements.

4 packaging design control

4. 1 Basic requirements

Enterprises should incorporate packaging design into the plan, equip full-time or part-time packaging designers with certain professional skills, clarify the responsibilities of packaging design departments and personnel, and clarify the technical connection method between packaging design and product design to ensure that packaging design meets the specified quality requirements.

4.2 Packaging Design

4.2. 1 packaging design requirements

This requirement is put forward by the product design department in conjunction with relevant departments, mainly including product name, specification, weight, quantity, value, sales channel, mode of transportation, center of gravity position, packaging requirements, etc.

design procedure

Usually, it is carried out according to five design steps: determining design conditions, designing, testing and evaluating, and determining the final design scheme.

The design results shall conform to:

A. packaging design requirements;

B packaging standards and relevant provisions of national laws and regulations on safety, hygiene and environmental protection;

C trademark law, product specifications, labeling standards and other relevant provisions;

D. relevant regulations of transportation, warehousing and other departments.

Design verification.

The common verification method is mainly to carry out experiments. This test can be divided into container performance test without contents and protective performance test with contents. The test can be carried out under simulated or reproduced environmental conditions or under actual environmental conditions.

In any of the following circumstances, it shall be tested and verified:

A. when the new product is finalized;

B. When the packaging technology, containers and materials have undergone major changes;

When the new packaging design is determined or the packaging performance is affected by the packaging materials.

Commonly used test items include seal strength test, seal strength test, leakage test, accumulation test, vibration test, drop test and horizontal impact test. , according to the relevant provisions of GB 4857.

The test results shall be written into documents and approved by relevant leaders and departments as the basis for final design determination or design modification.

For sales packaging design, it is necessary to carry out trial sales inspection and verification. Trial sales inspection requires that the sales packaging should withstand the hazards and tests that may be encountered in the circulation process, and the inspection results should be written into documents, which will provide a basis for determining whether to formally put into production and improve the design after being reviewed and approved by relevant leaders and departments.

Design evaluation

A. The appraisal contents mainly include the functionality, economy, safety, artistry, creativity and feasibility of packaging;

b.

The main documents to be provided include evaluation outline, packaging design requirements or contract requirements, test outline and test report, final design scheme, packaging samples and test samples, cost and economic benefit analysis report, quality inspection report, opinions of sales departments and consumers, etc.

C. The appraisal committee is composed of personnel from relevant departments such as design, quality inspection, supply and marketing, standardization and user representatives. After the appraisal, the appraisal committee shall sign an opinion on the appraisal results.

design document

Design documents include:

A. packaging design requirements;

B. investigation report;

C. design report;

D design drawings (including assembly drawings of packaging containers, necessary components and product packaging);

E. test report;

F. trial operation report;

G. feedback report on trial sales inspection information;

H. packaging process documents;

First, the cost and economic benefit analysis report, etc.

Procurement, acceptance and storage of packaging materials and containers

5. 1 Basic requirements

Packaging materials and containers are components of packaging, which directly affect the quality of product packaging. Procurement plans should be made and controlled for outsourced packaging and containers.

5.2 Procurement

5.2. 1 The Enterprise Technology Department shall, jointly with the Quality Inspection Department, the Procurement and Supply Department and the packaging workshop, formulate the supply requirements and acceptance procedures for packaging materials and containers according to the product packaging requirements and supply possibilities.

5.2.2 The Purchasing and Supply Department shall purchase according to the product production plan and the quality standards of packaging materials and containers, and strive to achieve fixed-point supply.

When the supplier changes, it must be verified that it has the supply capacity that fully meets the quality requirements of packaging containers and the requirements of purchase orders in GB/T121.

5.2.3 The procurement documents shall clearly state the ordering requirements and the terms of the agreement between the supplier and the buyer.

5.2.4 The purchaser shall establish a close working relationship and feedback system with the supplier, so as to continuously improve the quality and avoid and quickly resolve the quality disputes between the two parties.

5.3 Acceptance and storage

basic requirement

Enterprises should stipulate the management measures for incoming inspection, warehousing acceptance and storage.

5.3.2 incoming inspection

The quality inspector shall conduct inspection according to the quality standard or the requirements stipulated in the contract, and fill in the inspection report. When the inspection items cannot be completed in the factory, the inspection can be entrusted to the relevant institutions.

5.3.3 incoming inspection

Warehouse personnel shall check and accept the warehousing with the inspection report and purchase receipt, and make warehousing records.

store

The storage place and storage conditions shall meet the requirements for storing packaging containers and materials.

Packaging materials and containers should be stacked separately according to varieties and specifications in the warehouse, and unqualified products should be stored separately and marked as unqualified.

6 product packaging

6. 1 Basic requirements

6. 1. 1 Content requirements, including:

A there is a product inspection certificate or a certificate issued by an inspection agency or inspector, and the products that the orderer comes to the factory for acceptance need to be signed by the orderer.

B complete sets of supporting products and complete spare parts and technical documents.

6. 1.2 Requirements for packaging materials and containers, including:

A. The performance indicators of packaging materials and containers should meet the requirements of standards or contracts;

B packaging materials and containers shall be clean, dry and free from harmful substances, and conform to the physical and chemical characteristics of the contents, so as to ensure no adverse effects on the contents;

C packaging materials and containers used for food and medicine shall comply with food, medical and hygiene regulations;

D packaging containers for children's products shall ensure the safety of children and comply with relevant regulations;

E transport packaging, especially dangerous goods packaging, should ensure the safety of loading, unloading, storage and transportation to prevent environmental pollution;

F the specified dimensions of sales packaging containers should match the internal dimensions of transportation packaging containers.

The maximum size of large cargo transport packaging containers shall comply with the provisions of the relevant transportation departments on loading clearance. If it must be exceeded, it shall obtain the consent of the transportation department.

6. 1.3 packaging environment requirements, including:

A. The packaging workshop should meet the product characteristics and labor protection requirements, the layout in the workshop should be suitable for the packaging process requirements, and the layout of the process flow should be scientific and reasonable;

B products with special requirements on temperature, humidity and cleanliness shall be handled according to relevant regulations.

6.2 packaging process

6.2. 1 Basic requirements

Strictly implement the post operation rules, post responsibility system, work standards and assessment methods of the packaging team and the use and maintenance methods of packaging machinery to ensure that the packaging quality meets the specified requirements.

package

6.2.2. 1 Before packaging, the packaging materials and containers to be used shall be inspected to see if there is a certificate of conformity or a conformity mark, or visual inspection shall be carried out before they can be used.

Products that need pretreatment before packaging, such as products that are susceptible to moisture, rust and mildew, should be pretreated according to relevant regulations.

6.2.2.2 packaging, according to the content quantity, weight and packaging technical requirements, found problems in a timely manner, should ensure that:

A. Labels and instructions for use shall be consistent with the contents, the sealing shall be tight and correct, and the packaging marks marked on the packaging shall conform to the relevant packaging mark standards;

B. The packaging operation of large-scale products shall be carried out in strict accordance with the product packaging assembly drawings and technical documents, and the packing list and attached documents shall be put in, and the box can be sealed only after being inspected by the packaging inspector and signed on the package;

c.

The packaging and labeling operations of products of the same variety and different specifications should be separated. Two or more similar products with similar quality, specifications, containers and appearance shall not be carried out at the same time on adjacent assembly lines, and cross, mixed loading and pollution must be strictly prevented.

6.2.3 Use and maintenance of packaging machinery

6.2.3. 1 The enterprise shall formulate the use and maintenance methods of packaging machinery to ensure the packaging quality and labor safety.

6.2.3.2 should be carefully checked before use, and it can be opened only if there is no abnormal phenomenon. If there is any abnormality in the operation, it should be stopped for treatment and repaired before use.

6.2.3.3 should carry out regular maintenance of packaging machinery.

6.3 Packaging Quality Inspection

6.3. 1 Basic requirements

Enterprises should strictly implement the procedures and methods of packaging quality inspection, and carry out inspection according to standards or contract requirements.

6.3.2 Inspection scope includes inter-process inspection and packaging inspection.

6.3.2. 1 Inter-process inspection includes self-inspection and mutual inspection. If necessary, set up packaging process control points for intermediate inspection.

6.3.2.2 factory inspectors shall conduct packaging inspection according to the procedures and requirements specified in standards or contracts. After passing, mark or issue a certificate of conformity.

6.4 Warehousing, Storage and Delivery of Packaging

keep grain

When packaging is put into storage, there must be a qualified mark or certificate issued by the quality inspection department, and a receipt from the packaging department, and the warehouse management personnel should make a good record of storage.

store

The storage conditions of packaging should meet the requirements of storing products. Packaging should be packed in the warehouse according to varieties, specifications and grades.

pay

The shipment of packaging shall comply with the relevant regulations of transportation, warehousing and other departments. The warehouse keeper and the delivery personnel should make a good record of outbound and delivery.

7 product packaging quality information feedback

7. 1 product packaging quality information feedback, including the whole process of product packaging and the feedback of quality information during packaging transportation, storage, sales and use.

7.2

Enterprises should establish and improve the quality information network, and take the collection and processing of product packaging quality information as part of their work together with the personnel in charge of quality information in relevant business departments (such as distribution, inspection, technology, etc.). ).

7.3 The feedback of product packaging quality information shall be handled according to regulations and procedures.

7.4 Relevant departments of the enterprise (such as distribution and laboratory, etc.). ) Visit the transportation and storage departments and users regularly or irregularly to listen to their opinions and improve the packaging quality of products.

7.5 When necessary, an investigation team can be formed to track the product packaging quality, thoroughly understand the packaging damage and take effective measures to solve it.