In recent years, a large number of research and application of humic acid-containing organic fertilizers have been carried out in various parts of China, which shows the role of humic acid-containing organic fertilizers in increasing agricultural production. It is a multifunctional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, a good soil structure improver, and has the functions of stimulating plant growth and promoting nutrient absorption.
First, the role of improving soil and fertility
Organic fertilizer containing humic acid can promote the formation of soil structure and improve pore condition; Improve the cation absorption performance of soil and increase the ability of soil to maintain and supply fertilizer; Strengthen soil buffer system and improve acidic soil; Promote the activity of beneficial microorganisms in soil. Specifically:
1 is beneficial to the regulation of soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat. When the aggregate structure of soil becomes better, its bulk density decreases and its porosity increases, so it has good permeability. Because humic acid fertilizer is dark in color, it is beneficial to absorb solar heat energy. Humic acid fertilizer releases heat when it is decomposed by microorganisms, especially when early spring crop seedlings are just unearthed, which can increase the ground temperature and play a role in resisting the cold in spring.
2. Promote the formation of soil aggregates. Ammonium humate can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, and the application of organic fertilizer can also improve the soil structure, mainly through the slow transformation of soil microorganisms, which will be accelerated if humic acid fertilizer is often applied.
3. Promote the activity of soil microorganisms. After humic acid fertilizer was applied to the soil, the activities of microorganisms in the soil intensified, especially the spontaneous nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil increased significantly, which significantly increased the nitrate content, enriched the nitrogen nutrition in the soil and improved the nutritional status of crop roots.
4. Transform barren soil and saline-alkali land. Long-term adherence to the application of humic acid fertilizer will fundamentally turn barren soil into fertile land. In the south, humic acid fertilizer has been used to improve "sour, poor, flat and dry" red soil, and has also achieved remarkable results. Because the acidity of humic acid can neutralize the alkalinity of saline-alkali land, humic acid can adjust the pH of soil and achieve the effect of controlling saline-alkali land.
5. Humic acid can form complexes with some trace elements in the form of insoluble salts, such as iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). Soluble in water can be absorbed by crops. The commercially available chemical chelated trace elements are very expensive, and farmers are reluctant to buy them. Humic acid can be used as a natural chelating agent with wide sources and low price to chelate with trace elements, making it easy to be absorbed by crops.
6. Reduce the fixation of soluble phosphorus in soil, improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer, and promote the activation of trace elements in soil. In general, calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 in soil is hardly soluble in water, while hydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate formed by adding humic acid are soluble in water and absorbed by crops.
Second, increase crop nutrition and the synergistic effect on chemical fertilizers.
Organic fertilizer containing humic acid can increase the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizer, eliminate the adverse effects caused by excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer or improper application methods, and change the fertilizer efficiency of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer from "fierce, fierce and short" to "slow, stable and long"; Rot fertilizer itself also contains a certain amount of available nitrogen and phosphorus and slow-release nitrogen and phosphorus, which can improve crop nutrition.
Thirdly, it stimulates the growth and development of crops.
Organic fertilizer containing humic acid can make seeds germinate early and improve the emergence rate; Promote rooting and improve root absorption capacity; Promote the development of reproductive organs.
Humic acid is a macromolecular organic substance widely existing in nature, which is widely used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, petroleum, chemical industry, building materials, medicine and health, environmental protection and other fields, spanning dozens of industries. Especially at present, it advocates ecological agriculture construction, pollution-free agricultural production, green food and pollution-free environmental protection products, which makes "humic acid" highly respected. Facts have proved that human life and survival can not be separated from humic acid. It is indeed a promising sunrise industry in development and belongs to a new special industry.
Industry status
China is rich in humic acid resources, with large reserves, wide distribution, good grade and good export prospects. In the comprehensive utilization of humic acid, although it started late, it is not backward in the world because of China's increased development efforts. There are more than 100 institutions of higher learning and research institutes engaged in humic acid research in China, and hundreds of scientific research achievements have been made. Some technical products have reached or exceeded the international leading level, but how can we expand exports and occupy foreign markets? One of the important measures is to seize the site as soon as possible in accordance with the provisions of the trademark law, so that our brand-name trademarks can be in line with international standards as soon as possible.
Main producing areas
In recent years, China's Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Guangdong, Fujian, Henan, Hebei and other provinces and cities have exported more and more humic acid products to foreign countries, such as sodium humate, potassium humate, nitrohumic acid, granular HA SPNH high-temperature and high-pressure filtrate reducer, FA drought-resistant agent, organic compound fertilizer and peat nutrient soil. , thus earning a lot of foreign exchange for the country. However, among these numerous export products, there are few products and enterprises registered with famous brands. Not to mention the countries and regions where products are exported register their own trademarks. So far, their concept of "trademark" and law enforcement awareness are still very weak, and they need publicity, encouragement and support urgently. Now, China Humic Acid Industry Association has registered the trade trademark of "Humic Acid", which will encourage and mobilize more enterprises to follow suit, thus helping to promote the development and progress of humic acid industry, and its influence and significance are far-reaching.
prepare
Artificial oxidation of coal (such as air, ozone or nitric acid treatment) can form regenerated humic acid. For example, the product obtained by slightly oxidizing coal with nitric acid is called nitrohumic acid. The extraction method is to treat with acid to remove some minerals, then extract with dilute alkali solution, and acidify the extract with acid to obtain humic acid precipitate. According to the solubility of humic acid in solvent, it can be divided into three components: ① the part dissolved in acetone or ethanol is called brown humic acid; ② The part insoluble in acetone is called black humic acid; ③ The part dissolved in water or dilute acid is called fulvic acid (also called fulvic acid). The basic structure of humic acid macromolecules is aromatic ring and aliphatic ring, and functional groups such as carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, quinone group and methoxy group are connected to the ring. It has exchange, adsorption, complexation and chelation with metal ions; As a polyelectrolyte in dispersion system, it has the functions of coagulation, peptization and dispersion. Humic acid molecules also have a certain amount of free radicals, which have physiological activities.
use
Humic acid and its products are widely used. In agriculture, humic acid fertilizer made by combining with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements (such as ammonium humate fertilizer made by neutralizing humic acid with ammonia) has the functions of improving fertilizer efficiency, improving soil, stimulating crop growth and improving the quality of agricultural products; Nitrohumic acid can be used as an acid regulator for rice seedling raising; Magnesium humate, zinc humate and urea iron humate have good effects on supplementing magnesium deficiency in soil, zinc deficiency in corn and iron deficiency in fruit trees respectively. Humic acid mixed with herbicides, atrazine and other pesticides can improve the efficacy and inhibit the residual toxicity; Sodium humate is effective in treating apple tree rot. In animal husbandry, sodium humate is used to stop the bleeding of pilose antler, and nitrohumic acid urea compound is also effective as a feed additive for cattle. In industry, sodium humate is used to adjust ceramic slurry; Anti-scaling of low pressure boilers and locomotive boilers; Humic acid ion exchanger is used to treat wastewater containing heavy metals; Sulfonated sodium humate is used as cement water reducer; Humic acid products are also used as oil drilling mud treatment agents (see oilfield chemicals); The purified humic acid is used as the negative expansion agent of lead storage battery. There are many kinds of products mentioned above in China, which are widely used.
I hope it helps you! ^_^