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What are the packaging forms and requirements on the market now?

Li Daxing from Jianou, Fujian, wrote to me: "I have planted more than 100 acres of Dongkui Bayberry, and now the results and sales are very good. But I want to better occupy the market and improve economic benefits. Therefore, I Consider: Packaging is like beautifying Dongkui Bayberry fruits, which means better commercialization. So what are the packaging requirements for Dongkui Bayberry? "

In order to let Li Daxing and others. Big players know a lot about fresh fruit packaging. Here we first introduce the functions and requirements of fruit packaging, and then introduce the packaging form and requirements of Dongkui bayberry fruits.

First, the role and requirements of packaging. ①The role of packaging. Packaging is an important part of fruit commercialization. It is to improve the commerciality of fruit, to make the fruit a convenient unit when selling or distributing, to protect the fruit from harm when selling or distributing, and to allow the fruit to be stored in the market. Withstand stacking or crushing during storage and transportation. It is also convenient for exhibition and sales, enabling it to attract more consumers.

②Packaging requirements. The packaging of fruits is really ever-changing and has many differences due to different materials, shapes and sizes. According to American information, there are more than 500 types of fruit packaging. In the past, packaging standardization was emphasized. This is mainly due to the limited economic interests of those who are successful. Nowadays, it is necessary to use cheap and applicable materials, improve the functionality of packaging, and consider various factors such as the pressure-bearing capacity during transportation and sales and the convenience of packaging machinery operation. So there is a big improvement in fruit packaging. However, the form, materials, specifications, etc. of packaging have the following requirements:

A. Protect the fruit from damage. Because fruits can cause a variety of injuries during storage, transportation, and sales. These injuries must be avoided or reduced through packaging. Such as:

a. Vibration scratches: This is the most common injury during transportation. In addition, there will be inevitable scratches during packaging and sales. Therefore, through packaging, such as using soft packaging materials and soft linings in packaging containers, we can reduce shock and avoid scratches.

b. Compression and crushing injuries: occur most frequently during storage. It may also occur during transportation, packaging, and sales. Therefore, pressure-resistant outer packaging must be used to withstand the pressure required during stacking.

c. Impact injury: Although this type of injury occurs rarely, it is inevitable that hard objects will hit the fruit and cause injury. Therefore, when packaging, you should handle it with care to avoid collision with hard objects, and fill the packaging container with elastic or soft materials for protection.

B. Let the fruit have a suitable temperature. After the fruit is packaged, it is necessary not only to ensure that the fruit in the package can be well transparent with the external environment, but also to adapt to the special temperature requirements of the fruit in the package.

a. Prevent the temperature of the fruits in the package from rising due to heat dissipation through breathing, causing heat damage. Therefore, there should be 5% area on the side of the corrugated box or padding strips at the bottom for ventilation. Dongkui bayberry fruits should be packed in mesh or grid plastic baskets (or baskets) with strong ventilation.

b. If Dongkui bayberry fruits undergo low-temperature treatment and ventilation treatment, their special low-temperature requirements must be maintained.

C. To prevent or reduce moisture loss. That is to say, for packaged fruits, we must not only reduce the fruit's weight loss due to water loss, but also prevent the fruit from shrinking due to water loss and reducing the commodity value.

D. Make packaged fruits convenient for special handling. All fruits that require special handling must be packaged appropriately. For example, foam boxes are used for low-temperature treatment of Dongkui Bayberry, and non-toxic PVC plastic bags are used for ventilation treatment. Lined plastic boxes, etc. for sulfur dioxide fumigation of grapes.

E. Packaging methods should be suitable for mechanical processing. Due to the rapid development of the market economy, it will become increasingly difficult to recruit labor, and manual operations will inevitably be replaced by mechanical operations. Therefore, the materials and design of fruit packaging must adapt to the packaging method of mechanical operation.

Second, the current packaging form of Dongkui Yangmei. The packaging of Dongkui Bayberry is constantly improving, from picking and packaging to sales packaging.

A. Picking and packaging. In the past, there were bamboo baskets and baskets. Bamboo baskets are small tools that are brought to trees to pick fruits. The volume is about 5 kg. When picking, the bottom of the basket should be covered with grass, ferns or non-toxic foam to prevent the fruits from being touched or bruised. Baskets include round bamboo baskets or rectangular bamboo baskets. They are tools for holding fruits in the garden and should not be too large. Generally, it holds about 20 kilograms of fruit. The bottom is also lined with grass, ferns or foam plastics. In addition, there are wooden boxes and foam plastic boxes.

In addition to bamboo baskets and baskets, most of them now use plastic baskets and plastic baskets. The plastic baskets used for picking from trees have a large mouth and a small bottom, are red, green, dark blue or dark brown, without a lid, and are densely surrounded by many holes in a mesh shape. Can hold 5 to 7.5 kilograms. This kind of plastic basket is clean and has smooth walls, making it difficult to damage the fruits. When picking, the bottom of the basket is still covered with grass or ferns or non-toxic foam to reduce fruit collision. Plastic baskets or plastic baskets are both tools for holding fruits in the garden and packaging tools for transportation. The plastic basket has a large mouth and a small bottom, and can generally hold 20 to 25 kilograms of fruit. The mouth, waist, and bottom are reinforced and firm. Except for no holes, the rest are densely covered with holes for ventilation. There is a basket cover on it. There are 4 to 5 vertical reinforcing ribs around it. When in use, the bottom is also covered with grass and other soft materials. The plastic basket is rectangular, 40 to 45 cm long, about 35 cm wide, and about 30 cm high. There are vertical and horizontal reinforcing ribs all around, and the rest are densely covered with holes. No holes in the bottom. There is a basket cover on it, and it is also densely covered with holes. The loading capacity is also 20 to 25 kilograms. When in use, the bottom is also padded with soft material. In addition, there are also plants that are not put in baskets, but directly put into rectangular plastic baskets and sent to markets or supermarkets for sale. This rectangular plastic basket is similar in style to plastic baskets and comes in two colors: red and green. It's just that:

a. It is smaller than a plastic basket, 25 to 30 cm long, about 20 cm wide, 15 to 20 cm high, and has a capacity of 5 to 7.5 kg. There are also smaller ones.

b. There are handles on both sides that can be moved up and down. When in use, pull up the handle to become a basket. When not in use, place the handles close to both sides to create a small basket, which is very convenient.

B. Transportation packaging. The packaging for field transportation is mostly the continuation of the use of fruit picking tools.

Most of the domestic short-distance transportation packaging is baskets for carrying fruits between gardens, which are used as transportation packaging or storage packaging.

For domestic long-distance transportation, if it is shipped to Harbin in Heilongjiang Province or Urumqi in Xinjiang, it needs to be packed in baskets between parks and then loaded into refrigerated trucks for transportation. There are also products that are processed at low temperatures and then loaded onto refrigerated trucks for transportation.

Overseas transportation, because it must be connected with sales. Therefore, most of them are changed to carton packaging, and it is required to match the container or warehouse capacity. In addition, there are foam plastic boxes that have been stored at low temperature or quick-frozen, and are directly transported abroad by refrigerated trucks or airplanes.

C. Storage and packaging. Most of them are the intermediate connection between transportation packaging and sales packaging. Since Dongkui bayberry fruits should not be turned over many times, they are not repackaged for storage.

a. Packaging for storage at room temperature: mostly baskets or baskets for field loading and transportation.

b. Low-temperature storage packaging:

Low-temperature treatment packaging: It is a foam plastic box, about 40 cm long, 35 cm wide, and 30 cm high, with internal partitions Three compartments with a cover on top. There are also two film plastic bags that can hold 2.5 kilograms of fruit, which can be hidden in the box for packaging.

Quick-frozen packaging: the fruits are packed in film plastic bags, with each bag containing 0.5 to 1 kilogram of fruit. The plastic bags are then stacked in plastic boxes for packaging.

D. Sales packaging. It can be said that they are various and colorful, all designed to attract customer needs.

a. Fruit plate: In terms of shape, there are long, round, diamond, and five-star shapes. In terms of color, there are white, yellow, green, and five colors. They are all non-toxic plastics or foam plastics. Made. Each plate contains 3 to 5 Dongkui Bayberry fruits and is lined with PVC film to keep them fresh.

b. Fruit box: There are paper boxes or plastic boxes. The cartons are available with or without handles. The box surface is printed with colorful colors and pictures, which is very attractive. Inside the box is a film bag that can hold 3 to 5 Dongkui bayberry fruits. Plastic boxes include ordinary polyethylene plastic boxes, foam plastic boxes, molded boxes made of paper pulp and expanded polyethylene, etc. The color can be white or other colors that can set off the fruit. The box has a lid, and each box contains 5 to 10 fruits.

c. Paper bag or plastic bag: both are packaging that goes directly into the counter for sale. The bags are printed with beautiful patterns and other text. Each bag contains 0.5 to 1 kilogram of fruits.

d. Fruit basket: Just like a plastic basket for fruits. There are also smaller plastic baskets. The color and form are similar to the fruit basket. But it only holds 0.25 to 2 kilograms of Dongkui Bayberry fruit, which is small and exquisite and popular among people. There are also cases where four fruit baskets are assembled into fruit boxes for sale.

e. Fruit baskets or baskets: Some fruit-packing tools in the garden are directly used in sales packaging.

Some also reduce the size and capacity of the fruit baskets (baskets) to become small fruit baskets or baskets. Each basket (basket) can hold 0.25 kilograms to 3 kilograms of fruits, which is also popular.

f. Fruit boxes: There are cartons with patterns, trademarks, origins, etc. printed on them. In the past, cartons were used for domestic and foreign sales. Most of them are now used for overseas sales. There are also low-temperature or quick-frozen polyethylene ordinary plastic boxes and foam plastic boxes. However, the low-temperature-treated foam plastic box is also covered with a color-printed carton (such as a color photo) to increase its aesthetics, improve its merchandiseability, and make it easier to carry.

Third, Dongkui bayberry fruit packaging requirements and points of attention. Because Dongkui bayberry fruits are not wrapped by peel and are not resistant to storage and transportation, there are strict requirements for packaging.

A. Requirements.

a. The packaging material is light and strong, not easily deformed or broken, and can withstand a certain amount of pressure.

b. Packaging should be fashionable and exquisite. It can not only attract customers, but also act as an advertising carrier.

c. The packaging material is both transparent and moisture-proof.

d. Ensure cleanliness, no pollution, no peculiar smell, and no harmful chemicals.

e. It should be cheap, easy to obtain and low-cost, so as to reduce the burden on consumers.

B. Pay attention.

a. The packaging procedures should be connected and reused as much as possible to avoid multiple procedures and damage to the fruits.

b. Packaging containers should be of appropriate size, easy to stack and transport, and easy to recycle.

c. The inner wall of the packaging should be flat and smooth to avoid damage to the fruit due to collision and impact.

d. Although there are patterns and words on the outside of the package, it should have a clean feeling, and the trademark, product name, grade, weight, place of origin, packaging date and specific product logo should be indicated.