In the fifth anniversary of Song Renzong, Ouyang Xiu was demoted to Chuzhou. Chuzhou (in today's Anhui Province) is located between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. It is a remote place with few people and simple things. The author crossed the Yellow River, flooded the Bianshui River, fled in sin, and was inevitably depressed and disappointed. However, although Chuzhou is secluded and simple, the folk customs are simple, and the mountains and rivers are clear and the terrain is steep, which provides convenient conditions for the author to travel. The author, on the other hand, took it as his duty to "preach goodness and enjoy happiness with the people" (Fengle Pavilion), and he was rich at that time. Therefore, the author travels with wine, indulges in mountains and rivers, often gets drunk, and simply calls himself a "drunkard". In this case, he created Zuiweng Pavilion.
The article focuses on the big picture, which is abrupt and extraordinary, indicating that there are mountains around Tuzhou. Then, from the "Southwest Group Peak" to Langxie Mountain, from walking six or seven miles along the mountain to hearing the sound of running water from the brewing spring, to Zuiweng Pavilion, leading the way like a guide, from big to small, gradually starting from the surrounding area, leading the reader's attention step by step to Zuiweng Pavilion. A metaphor of "wing ran" turns static into dynamic, which not only describes the dangerous state of the pavilion, but also draws the momentum of the pavilion. Then, through the form of question and answer, explain the pavilion builders and namers, and lead to the active characters in the pavilion "satrap and guests"; The theme of the article is Taishou, pointing out the main vein of the article: "The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but also between mountains and rivers. The joy of mountains and rivers, the place where the heart is, and the place where the wine is. " It seems that the author here is not writing an article, but drawing. Among them, mountains, forests, springs, pavilions and figures have their own modality and aesthetic feeling. The Lin Yuyu of Xiebo Mountain is lush and "majestic and beautiful"; Brewing spring water is clear and gurgling, cool and pleasant; Zuiweng Pavilion was built on the bank of a cliff, with towering eaves and "wings on the spring". In addition, the mountains are hidden, the peaks flow, and there are tourists dotted among them, which is more colorful and interesting. At present, it is not only a beautiful static landscape map, but also an excellent dynamic amusement map.
? The above is the first paragraph, which mainly explains the location, name and people in the activities of Zuiweng Pavilion. There is stillness in the movement, and the movement sets each other off. The second paragraph describes the different scenery of Zuiweng Pavilion, which changes at four o'clock in the morning and evening. The writing is accurate and clear, such as silk, and the colors are in sharp contrast. First, write down the changes in the morning and evening: "The sunrise is a flower in the forest, the clouds return to the cave, and the change in the dusk is also in the mountains." Change is a common thing, and the mountain word depends on it. "In the morning, the sun rises, the sun shines, the fog dissipates, the earth is quiet and clear, and the trees are greener and fresher; In the evening, the sun sets, the clouds return to the mountains, the twilight is shrouded, and it is dark everywhere, especially in caves. It's really tight, precise and meticulous. Write the scenery of the four seasons: "The wild fragrance is rich, the beautiful wood is cloudy, the wind and frost are noble and clean, and the water comes out, and it is also in the mountains at four o'clock." Here, the author is extremely concise, grasping the different characteristics of the four seasons scenery to describe: spring, fragrant grass, fragrant; In summer, the trees are tall and straight, thriving; In autumn, the wind sweeps the fallen leaves and the frost fills the earth; In winter, all the trees are bleak, and all the dead trees come out. With the different seasons, the characteristics of the scenery are different, which set off each other and change well. It is easy to arouse people's association and give people aesthetic enjoyment. Then I always write a note and go back to the main vein of the article, explaining that it is precisely because of the difference between dusk and four o'clock that people's "pleasure of mountains and rivers" is endless.
Next, with the entertainment of Chu people as the background, the article focuses on the analysis of the "pleasure of feasting" of "Taishou" and shows the grand occasion of "Taishou" and "joy" of Chu people. From the scene to the people, the background of the "Taishou" banquet is outlined: people carrying things are singing on the road, people walking are resting under the tree, people in front are shouting, people behind are making peace, and old people and children are constantly coming and going. What a beautiful Shengping amusement map! In this context, the author wrote "Taishou" and "The Joy of Banquet" as drunk as mud. And "Taishou" and "Cool Banquet" are also compared under the background of "All the guests are happy". However, the author wrote from the pavilion: "The fish is near the stream, and the stream is deep and the fish is fat. The brewing spring is wine, and the spring is fragrant and the wine is bitter." It seems redundant, but it is actually necessary. Only the beauty of water can make fish fat, only spring can make wine fragrant, only fish fat and wine fragrant can make people drunk, and only when people are drunk can they have endless fun. At the same time, starting from the environment, people's activities are slowly set off and the scenery is more beautiful. When writing a scene of a feast, the word "music" is written in the article extremely well, and it shows that the music this time is neither a harp nor a flute, but various entertainment activities of people who enjoy themselves. If you hit this shot with an arrow and win the next game of Go, there will be applause. The wine glasses collided with the wine crumbs, and they were very excited. Some stood up, some sat down, and the noise was hard to stop. This is when the wine is full. Among them, "gray face and white hair" is faint, which is the appearance of "Taishou" drunk. Although the banquet scene is very lively, the author uses the method of gradually drying and dyeing from big to small, first writing the banquet of the guests, and then pointing out that "Taishou" is drunk in it. The picture is clear and the modality is both.
Finally, at dusk, the banquet was over, people returned, and Shan Ye was empty. But don't have fun. Although the sunset shines on the mountain, people go with the "satrap", but there is still music on the mountain: "The Woods are overcast, sing up and down." But this is another kind of fun-the fun of birds. From this, the author makes a discussion, from bird to guest, from guest to "Taishou", revealing layer by layer and approaching step by step, thus pointing out that the joy of "Taishou" is extraordinary: being with Chu people is not only "joy", but also "joy", realizing the sublimation of their political personality. The last two sentences are purely descriptive words, indicating who Dashou is, so that the hidden pen and ink at the beginning of the article can be revealed here, which plays a role in paving the way and taking care of the end.
The writing of this article has the following characteristics: (1) The whole article is written around the author's subjective feelings, highlighting the word "music". For example, the first paragraph explains the location and name of the pavilion, but it sets off the beauty of the surrounding scenery, and then points out the word "music" in "beauty" Writing the sunset and the scenery of the four seasons, the brushwork is brisk, and there are both "music" and "music" in the brushwork, which is endless because of the scenery. It's about the joy of feasting and swimming. The article is full of ink, and it's fun to swim and get drunk. Finally, it is time for people to entertain themselves, but it is "tourists leave birds to entertain themselves." From beginning to end, the author is enjoying it, intoxicated with it and carried away by it. Finally, it embodies the author's political thought of having fun with the people. (2) The structure echoes back and forth. For example, in the first paragraph, "Taishou" was pointed out, revealing the pawn chapter. "The Taishou and the guests come here to drink, but the year is the highest", followed by "All the guests are happy" and "Those with pale white hair, the Taishou are drunk". In addition, there is a "morning and evening return" in front, and there is a specific description of "the sunset is in the mountains, the figure is scattered, the satrap returns, and the guests follow" in the following article. In this way, there must be foreshadowing before, and then there must be care, so that the article is integrated and delicate. (3) Contrast and contrast in description, approaching step by step and revealing layer by layer. In terms of scenery, Zuiweng Pavilion is interesting and beautiful in contrast with the surrounding landscape. When writing, from big to small, from scenery to pavilion, slowly moving forward, unfolding layer by layer, dyeing the beauty of pavilion step by step. Judging from the characters, Chu people swim and stay drunk, from big to small, dynamic contrast, vivid and full of emotions. Even the unfinished arguments are peeled off layer by layer and revealed step by step, thus showing the difference in the joy of satrap. (4) The language of the article is concise, full, vivid, magnificent and harmonious. First of all, the first sentence is extremely concise. It is said that Ouyang Xiu spent a lot of time writing this sentence and became a much-told story in the literary world. "The Complete Works of Zhuzi Languages" contains: "European official documents are mostly revised in American." Someone bought the manuscript of Zuiweng Pavilion. At first, they said that there were dozens of crosses in the mountains around Chuzhou. Later, it didn't change, just saying' surrounded by mountains'. This shows the exquisiteness and conciseness of the language in this paper. Secondly, the article absorbs the advantages of parallel prose, pays attention to the collocation of melody, and the combination of parallel prose and prose has a beautiful rhyme. "Wild fragrant, beautiful wood and beautiful shade", "fishing near the stream, deep fish fat in the stream; These two sentences, "Spring wine is brewed, and spring wine tastes bitter", are excellent sentences in antithesis, but because they are mixed in prose sentences, they seem to have a sense of rhythm and affection. In addition, 2 1 word "leaf" is used continuously in the whole text, which is full of charm. In addition, there are many problems, which are magnificent and powerful, thus enhancing the lyrical atmosphere and appeal of the article.
Attached translation
Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains. The scenery of various peaks, trees and valleys in the southwest of Chuzhou is particularly beautiful. But Langya Mountain looks lush and beautiful.
You can't walk six or seven miles along the mountain, and gradually you hear the sound of running water at the source of the gurgling. The stream between the two peaks is a brewing spring. The mountain twists and turns, and the road turns. There is a pavilion standing by the spring like a bird with open wings, and that is Zuiweng Pavilion. Who made Xiangzi? It's a monk and a wise fairy in the mountains. Who named it? It is the prefect who calls himself an alcoholic. Taishou and his guests came here to drink, and after drinking a little, they broke down. They were the oldest, so they called themselves alcoholics. The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but between mountains and rivers. The pleasure of traveling around the mountains is in your heart and pinned on wine.
As for the sun, the smoke in the forest dispersed; When the clouds return to the mountains, the caves look dim. It's bright and changing on cloudy days. This is a different scene in the mountains in the morning and evening. Wildflowers are in full bloom, emitting a quiet fragrance; Tall and straight trees are lush and misty; The wind is high and frosty, the stream recedes and the rocks are exposed. This is the scenery of the four seasons in the mountains. Go in the morning and come back at night. The four seasons have different scenery and endless fun.
As for those who carry things, they sing folk songs on the road, and those who walk rest under the tree. The person in front calls and the person behind promises. People in Chuzhou have been playing. Go fishing in the stream, and the stream is deep and fat; Using the water from brewing spring as wine, the spring water is fragrant and the wine color is clear. Wild game and wild vegetables are placed in front of us, which is a banquet set by the satrap. At the banquet, the wine was very happy, not because Seth was in charge at the banquet. The shot of throwing an arrow into the pot was hit, and the player who played Weiqi won. The glass and the wine valley collided, and people sat or stood, making a lot of noise. This is a happy scene for all the guests. A man with an old face and gray hair collapsed in the middle of the crowd and was drunk as a satrap.
Soon, the sunset shone on the mountain, and people were scattered. It is the scene where the satrap returns and the guests follow. In the shade of the dense forest, birds are singing high and low, which is a happy scene for birds after tourists leave. However, birds know that they are happy in the mountains, but they don't understand the happiness of the people in the mountains; People know that it is fun to play with Taishou, but they don't understand that Taishou is happy for their happiness. You can still play with everyone when you are drunk, and you can write articles about this kind of play when you wake up. This is the satrap. Who is the satrap? It's Ouyang Xiu from Luling.