In the world of archeology there are incredible discoveries, and those special discoveries are some of the oldest in history. They break records, rewrite history, or revolutionize our understanding of historical events. Some may think that they do not have much historical and archaeological value, but their ability to survive still amazes us. 1. A 102-year-old bottle In 1913, 20-year-old Richard Platz stuffed a postcard with his address into a beer bottle and threw it into the Baltic Sea. The message urged the finder to return it to him. But instead of returning to the young German who set it adrift, the beer bottle traveled through two world wars, the Great Depression and the Cold War. More than 100 years later, a fisherman in the Baltic Sea caught this weathered drift bottle. By then, Platz was no longer alive. He died in 1946 at the age of 54. He probably didn't expect that the bottle he threw into the sea 30 years ago would break the record and fall into the hands of an unborn grandson. The oldest bottle has been drifting in the sea off Scotland for 98 years as part of a project to monitor ocean currents. Platz's bottle was eventually given to Richard's granddaughter Angela Erdmann, who was then 62 years old. 2. Marijuana 2,700 years ago The body of a blue-eyed Caucasian man was found in a 2,700-year-old tomb in China. About 1 kilogram of marijuana was found in it, exuding a pungent smell. At first, researchers thought the still-green plant was cilantro. But further research revealed that it is the world's oldest weed. Researchers believe people buried in the Gobi Desert knew how to smoke marijuana. All male parts of these plants—which are less resistant to lodging—have disappeared from buried caches. Although the remaining cannabis was still highly psychoactive, scientists were most surprised to find that the cannabis did not come from the wild but came from a cultivar similar to the cannabis grown today. It's unclear how this natural drug is ingested in various ways. But other items in the tomb, such as musical instruments, riding equipment and weapons, represent the man's status. Maybe marijuana is a status symbol, or maybe he's a doctor who uses it for medicinal purposes, or maybe he's also the world's oldest weed dealer. 3. Weather report from 3,500 years ago Egyptologists believe they have discovered the first known sample of a weather report. This shattered man-made stone depicts a graphic event of perhaps the most horrific volcanic eruption in history. The Greek volcano Thera erupted 3,500 years ago with unimaginable power. The destructive force this time was unprecedented, destroying the advanced Minoan civilization near Crete. Other countries as far away as China have also been affected. Egypt was also severely affected, with 40 lines of text on the Tempest Tablet describing the Nile being filled with bodies floating in a violent and unrelenting storm. If this stele is an eyewitness account of Thera, it also changes our understanding of the pharaoh's reign. Historically, Pharaoh Amos was the first king of the 18th Dynasty, when Egypt's power was at its peak. The Stormstone dates back to his reign. If the event described on the stele was indeed a deadly volcanic eruption, Amos's reign may have been 50 years earlier than previously thought. 4. Cheese from 3,800 Years Ago While the art of making cheese is not new, finding old examples of cheese is rare. Most often, we find fatty residues that indicate some of the artifacts once contained cheese. During excavations at China's ancient Xiaohe Cemetery (also known as the "Oudeke Cemetery"), several mummies were found with 3,800-year-old cheese fragments on their chests and necks. Verification of this yellow substance showed that The cheese is nutritious and easy to produce, similar to a current fermented dairy product called kefir. Its low salt content means it is not meant to be stored long-term, but rather to be stored after production. Edible. However, the fact that this sample was so well preserved is most likely due to two conditions at the time of burial: first, the coffin was sealed with cowhide to prevent air from entering, and second, the cheese was also easily digested. , it helps researchers understand why animal milking was so common during the Early Bronze Age, despite people's dislike of lactose. The remains of an interesting group of people have been found in a cave in South Africa 52,000 years ago. .

The dating of these artifacts suggests that the Late Stone Age occurred in South Africa 20,000 years earlier than previously thought. Two of the finds were particularly interesting: a pile of beeswax and a thin wooden stick. The 35,000-year-old wax contains a toxic resin and may have been used to secure stone arrowheads to their shafts. If this is its purpose, then it is the oldest beeswax tool. When the poison arrow spear was chemically tested, it was found to contain naturally poisonous ricinoleic acid. Researchers believe the poison was used in weapons 20,000 years ago, making it the earliest known use of poison by humans. Man Murdered 64,300 Years Ago In 1987, Spanish archaeologists discovered what may be one of the oldest tombs in the world, containing the remains of 28 different human skeletons. One of the skulls was implicated in a particularly brutal incident. Although researchers were unable to tell the person's gender, race and age, other than that the person was a young adult. But it was clear that he had suffered two devastating blows to the head. Since both were located above the left eye socket, it is likely that a right-handed man struck with the weapon in much the same manner twice. It follows that these wounds could not have been caused by accident. Bones that have been dead for a long time simply don't break like living bones. The most likely scenario is that the wound caused by the weapon did not heal by the time the man faced his attacker, suggesting that the unfortunate man did not survive the encounter, becoming the oldest known murder victim in the world who. 7. DNA that has survived for 500,000 years Something created more than 500,000 years ago is still alive? In regions like Canada, Siberia and Antarctica, scientists have dug deep into the permafrost and discovered some of the oldest organisms on Earth, ancient bacteria that are more than 500,000 years old. Although the bacteria were supposed to be dead, their DNA showed signs that they were still active. This discovery is unlike anything seen before in science. After the bacteria's viable DNA is isolated, it is compared to samples in the U.S. Global GenBank, which operates like a fingerprint database. The researchers were able to identify the bacterium's ancient material by matching it to entries in the database. The bacterium could help researchers better understand the causes of cellular aging, including why some cells age more slowly than others. In addition to aiding cell lifespan research, it can also help scientists determine whether similar life once existed on Mars. 85,400-year-old shell sculpture It's definitely not the work of Michelangelo or Van Gogh, but it's the oldest piece of art ever discovered. Researchers in the Netherlands recently conducted a second study of 166 artillery shells collected in Indonesia in the 1890s, and they found something interesting. One of the shells is 540,000 years old and has several straight cuts and an M-shaped serration carved on it. When researchers tried to replicate the sculpture, they found that it required a lot of hand strength and control. Although we don't know what the carving means, it's clear it has a purpose. This suggests that our ancient human ancestors may have been more intelligent than previously thought. The discovery of some other shells may even explain why Homo erectus stone tools are so rare in Indonesia. Marks on the shells indicate that they were prepared cutting tools, further suggesting that Indonesians may have preferred shell tools over stone tools. 93.3 million-year-old baby fossil In 2006, a child fossil was discovered in a valley in Ethiopia. The valley became famous with the discovery of "Lucy" in 1974. "Lucy" and the baby were both of the same species, a species of hominid called Australopithecus afarensis. However, the baby was smaller than 3.2 million The child, affectionately known as "Lucy's Child," was said to be a woman who died at the age of three. Although researchers are not sure yet, the cause of death is suspected to be drowning. Their only clue was that she seemed to have slipped quickly in the gravel while drowning. She remained there for millions of years before it was discovered that the skeleton was more complete than Lucy's. This has sparked some controversy. For example, the child's shoulder blades are surprisingly similar to those of a gorilla, suggesting that the upright-walking Australopithecus afarensis may have been swinging in the trees. But scientists aren't sure. This gorilla trait is simply inherited from the ancestors of primitive humans and does not have a certain impact on the children.

1.0112 billion year old star The oldest discovery of this kind is not on Earth, but deep in the Milky Way. When scientists stumbled upon the oldest solar system in the Milky Way, they were processing a wealth of information collected by the Kepler space telescope. Kepler-444 is an 11.2 billion-year-old star about one-quarter the size of our sun. However, Kepler-444 burns so brightly that it can be seen with binoculars from Earth, 117 light-years away. The newly discovered star is orbited by five seemingly dead planets. From the size of Mercury to Earth, these planets have Mercury-like scorching temperatures. Mercury as we know it is too hot to support life. They complete one orbit every 10 days "years". After studying this system, scientists determined that the planets began orbiting the sun nearly 7 billion years before our young sun (4.5 billion years ago) began to form its own solar system.