Sea transportation is relatively new to us, so if you want to ship by sea, should it be based on volume or weight? What kind of job is shipping?
Is shipping charged by volume or weight?
In export transactions, the choice of container type and the packing method of goods play a big role in reducing freight expenses for exporters. The size and weight of the container, as well as the assembly, discharge and stacking of goods in the container all have certain requirements and need to be explored in practice.
? (1) Basis for freight calculation Freight Unit (Freight Unit) refers to the basic unit used by shipping companies to calculate freight. Due to the wide variety of goods, different packaging conditions, different shipping methods, and different freight calculation standards. A Full Container: Container is used as the unit of freight. In SimTrade, there are two types: 20' container and 40' container. The effective volume of the 20' container is 5CBM and the weight limit is 17.5TNE. The effective volume of the 40' container is 55CBM and the weight limit is 26TNE, of which 1TNE = 1000KGS; B LCL: The ship will charge a higher freight rate. Freight rates are often marked with M/W or R/T, indicating that the shipping company will calculate the freight based on the weight tonnage or volume tonnage of the goods, whichever is higher. The unit for calculating freight during LCL loading is: 1. Weight Ton: based on the total gross weight of the goods, with one metric ton (1 TNE = 1000KGM) as one freight ton; 2. Volume Ton (Measurement Ton): based on the total weight of the goods. Gross volume, one cubic meter (1 Cubic Meter; referred to as 1MTQ or 1CBM or 1CUM; also known as one cubic meter ton) is one freight ton. When calculating sea freight, the exporter must first calculate the volume of the product based on the quoted quantity, and then find the freight rate corresponding to the destination port of the batch of goods. If the quoted quantity is just enough to load a full box (20 containers or 40' containers), the freight price will be directly used as the basic freight; if it is not enough to load a full box, the total volume of the product (or total weight, whichever is greater) × The sea freight is calculated based on the price of LCL. ?
(2) Calculation method of freight classification A Full container: The freight of the whole box is divided into three parts, and the total freight = the sum of the three parts. 1. Basic freight Basic freight = basic freight per unit × number of full boxes 2. Port surcharge Port surcharge = port surcharge per unit × number of full boxes 3. Fuel surcharge Fuel surcharge = fuel surcharge per unit × number of full boxes B Boxing: LCL freight only has basic freight, which is calculated in two ways: volume and weight. 1. Calculated by volume, X1 = basic freight per unit (MTQ) × total volume 2. Calculated by weight, X2 = basic freight per unit (TNE) ×The total gross weight is the larger of X1 and /p>
① It is necessary to know the prices of the shipping ports to all continents, the ports commonly used by major routes, and the ports that cargo owners often need to serve; ② The shipping schedule information of major shipping companies; ③ When necessary, ask the cargo owner for inquiry Some category information, such as product name, hazard level, etc. (Waterway Hazardous Regulations)
2. Land transportation inquiry: (RMB fee) ① It is necessary to know the kilometers and trailer prices in major cities; ② Packing prices in each port area; ③ Customs declaration fees, commodity inspection, Animal and plant inspection fee standards.
3. If it cannot be provided in time, the customer must leave his phone number, surname and other contact information so that the owner of the goods can be replied to in the shortest possible time.
2. Accepting orders (accepting the entrustment of the cargo owner)
After accepting the entrustment of the cargo owner (usually by fax), key information that needs to be clarified:
1. Shipping date , Number of pieces
2. Box type, box quantity
3. Gross weight
4. Volume The maximum volume of each type is: (length*width*height) Available volume and available weight 1×20'GP=31CBM 6*2.38*2.38 25 17MT 1×40'GP=67CBM 12*2.38*2.38 55 25MT 1×40'HC=76CBM 12*2.7*2.38 1×45 'GP=86CBM (Note: GP general purpose ordinary box; CBM cubic meter; MT metric ton; HC high cubic high box)
5. Payment terms, cargo owner contact information
6. Case making, door-to-door or in-house
3. Booking
1. Making a power of attorney (ten sheets); maximum guarantee should be made when making the order The data of the original consignment order is correct and consistent to reduce frequent changes in the subsequent process.
2. Booking with the company’s booking stamp: If booking attachments (such as the shipping company’s price confirmation) are required, they should be prepared together before booking.
3. Obtain the space allocation receipt and extract the ship name, voyage, and bill of lading number information.
4. Packing
1. Door to door: Fill in the packing plan: packing time, ship name, voyage, customs order number, transit port, destination port, Gross weight, number of pieces, volume, door point, contact person, phone number and other factors must be arranged 1 to 2 days before the customs cut-off date (two days before the shipping date).
2. Interior packaging: Fill in the packing plan: shipping date and voyage, customs order number, transit port, destination port, gross weight, number of pieces, volume, entry number and other factors, prior to customs cut-off Arrange the bus schedule 1 to 2 days before the scheduled date (two days before the sailing date).
3. Obtain the packing list (CLP) obtained by the two packing methods
5. Customs declaration (sometimes at the same time, sometimes before packing)
1. Understand the information required for customs declaration of frequently exported goods. ① Commodity inspection is required ② Quota is required ③ License is required ④ Certificate of origin is required ⑤ Trademark authorization and trademark name are required ⑥ If the value of exported goods to Hong Kong exceeds $100,000 and other regions exceeds $500,000, a foreign exchange settlement slip (copy) must be provided when writing off ⑦ A conference price verification seal is required
2. Fill in the ship name, voyage number, bill of lading number, corresponding packing list, invoice, gross and net weight displayed, number of pieces, packaging type, amount, and volume , review the correctness of the customs declaration form (the documents are consistent).
What is the main mode of transportation?
Whether it is domestic trade transportation or international trade transportation, shipping plays an important role in trade. There are 80% of international freight. All are shipped by sea.
Sea freight has soared 10 times and there is still no container available
Although export orders for auto parts are booming and factory production is busy, companies still have mixed feelings, with raw material prices rising and sea freight remaining high. and other issues are highlighted. Zhejiang Taizhou Sanyuan Vehicle Purifier Company currently has sufficient orders. However, due to rising prices of raw materials such as precious metals palladium and rhodium, steel, and rising sea freight, costs have increased by at least 20%.
According to reports, the price of stainless steel was 8,200 yuan per ton last year and rose to 14,000 yuan per ton this year. The price of iron plate was 4,200 yuan per ton last year and recently rose to 8,300 yuan per ton. As an important element in the production of purifier products, the price of precious metal rhodium has also increased threefold, from 2,000 yuan per gram last year to 6,000 yuan this year. Ocean freight has increased tenfold, and containers are often not available. The same is true for Oubo Optoelectronics, which produces automobile lights in Taizhou, Zhejiang. Since the beginning of this year, the price of raw materials for car lights has continued to rise.
To this end, the company has increased research and development of new products and strives to expand its products into the fields of trucks, new energy vehicles and agricultural vehicles. Innovative products such as new energy charging indicators are about to be put into production.