1. Basic methods to prevent fake and shoddy accessories

1. Before purchasing, you should first know the details of the accessories you want to buy through newspapers, magazines and the Internet, so as to know the price and specific performance indicators of the accessories in advance. Then try to choose a reputable merchant to buy. In most cases, the principle of "one point for one price, one point for another" is correct, so don't blindly covet small bargains, so as not to be used by profiteers to sell fake and inferior accessories. At the same time, it is best to invite friends who are familiar with computer hardware to assist in reference and identification.

2. In the purchase process: the first measure to effectively reduce the possibility of buying fake goods and parallel imports (goods flowing out of abnormal channels) is to choose to buy boxed products with clear and complete Chinese logo and meticulous and standardized packaging. The logo on the packaging box should include product name, model, performance parameters, introduction, place of origin, serial number and electrical safety signs. Relatively speaking, bulk products are more likely to be faked. Therefore, unless you know all the details of computer accessories, try to buy boxed products.

secondly, carefully observe whether the materials and components used in the product are of good quality and whether the structure is firm and compact. If the visual inspection can pass, then use the latest version of Hwinfo and other excellent hardware detection programs to test, and it is best to eliminate possible problems before going out of the store. Then, check whether the attachments (including gifts) and related materials (such as driver CD-ROM) listed in the packing list or instruction manual attached to the box are complete.

3. Before payment: If you decide to buy a product, don't forget to ask the dealer to issue an invoice (receipt) before you take out your wallet for payment, and indicate the details and contents of the purchased product on the invoice (receipt) or warranty; It should also be noted that at present, some merchants with ulterior motives will play word games on invoices or warranties in order to evade their responsibilities in the future, so they should keep their eyes open and look carefully at invoices or warranties to avoid unnecessary service disputes in the future.

second, the eye of common computer accessories can distinguish between true and false

1. CPU

It is one of the most critical components in computers. At present, the CPU on the market is mainly divided into two brands: Intel and AMD, among which the CPU produced by Intel is also divided into Celeron, PII and PIII. The CPU produced by AMD is also different from K6-2, K6-3 and K7, which are quite different in appearance, performance and price. Because the technical content of CPU is quite high, it is impossible for counterfeiters to produce CPU by themselves. They usually use the method of Remark to mark the CPU with low frequency as high frequency for sale in order to reap huge profits. Because the original working frequency (or voltage) has been greatly improved, the CPU has been in an overloaded working state. If friends who are kept in the dark further overclock it, then with the passage of time, serious electromigration caused by overclocking may lead to the decrease of the stability of the machine, and the number of problems such as crashes and illegal operations will gradually increase. Using this CPU for a long time without good cooling measures will lead to overheating, crash and system crash. When buying CPU, if you find abnormal damage or other clues in the box, you should pay more attention. Observe the CPU carefully after opening the box. If the handwriting on the surface of the CPU is not clear enough, you should also be alert. In addition, the CPU can be installed to test its working stability by playing large 3D games for a long time. In addition, it is also an effective and good way to test with CPU professional test software.

(1) Identification method of PIICPU

One identification method to identify whether PII CPU is Remark is: first, check whether the printing of the outer packaging carton is clear, the font at the product serial number of the fake CPU is obviously thicker than normal, and the color is abnormal gray; Another feature is that the plastic packaging film of the genuine product is soft and elastic, and the INTEL watermark on it is difficult to rub off because of the special technology. The plastic packaging film of the fake product is brittle, and the watermark on it is easy to be erased. Then look at whether the plastic packaging of CPU is damaged normally or is sealed by secondary plastic packaging; The last resort is to use the special test software ctp2info for PII, which can measure the main frequency, bus speed and ECC function of PIICPU.

(2) Intel boxed CPU identification tips

First of all, the original Intel CPU box is printed with semi-transparent Intel logo on the plastic film, while the number of Intel logo printed on the fake is much more than that of the genuine one. As long as you compare it, you can see the truth and falsehood.

another effective method is to observe the back of the original packaged Intel CPU box, and there is a black dividing line at the upper and lower boundary of the multilingual text printed with the product introduction. If it is a genuine CPU, if you look closely, you can find that some black lines are actually made up of the "INTEL" logo with a small but clear font. The packaging of fake goods is just a black line.

(3) Use bulk PIII with caution

At present, a batch of low-quality bulk PIII chips have flowed into the market, which are very delicate, and a slight touch will cause the system to fail to start or crash frequently. This batch of OEM bulk goods entered the market through abnormal channels. Because Intel is only responsible for the quality of boxed products, it is not responsible for the quality of this bulk PIII. The general feature of this bulk PIII is that the price is one to two hundred yuan cheaper than that of the ordinary PIII in the original package. Therefore, it is better not to be greedy for some petty advantages.

another magic weapon is to use the CPU test software fidCHS5.exe (available for download), which can measure the processor frequency and bus frequency of PII and PIII, including the factory frequency and the currently used frequency.

2. Memory

Memory bars are composed of chips, PCB boards, and some resistors and capacitors. There are few appearance marks, and most of them have no formal packaging. It is difficult for ordinary consumers to judge their advantages and disadvantages from their appearance alone, so they should be more careful when purchasing. The common method of memory counterfeiting is to pass inferior goods off as famous brand products. Memory chips need to go through three steps before leaving the factory: pre-process, post-process and inspection process. In the previous process, the silicon wafer is cut into small wafers, and simple EDS tests are carried out to complete most of the functional tests of the chips. I/O (input/output) setting and protection for the wafer in the post-process; The inspection process makes a comprehensive inspection of the whole chip. Only the memory chips that pass this process are qualified products, but the inspection process takes the longest time and costs a lot. In recent years, some big manufacturers only do the pre-process, and then sell their primary products to other semiconductor manufacturers for post-process. However, after the completion of the post-process, these semiconductor manufacturers sold the chips to some memory chip manufacturers without carrying out the inspection process (or only carrying out very simple inspection) or putting any logo on the chips. Some unscrupulous businessmen buy memory chips through various channels, hire migrant workers to make memory chips in manual workshops, and then mark these chips with some famous trademarks for sale. The quality of these fake PCB boards is not good, and the workmanship of the whole memory chip is also very rough. At the same time, due to the lack of testing measures, the quality of the product is unstable, and it can not meet the requirements of faster and faster CPU, so it is easy to cause failures. One of the characteristics of this fake is that the price is usually tens of yuan cheaper than the genuine one.

like CPU, memory chip has its own rated working frequency (for example, the frequent labels PC1 and PC133 on memory chip indicate that this memory can work stably at the system external frequency of 1MHz and 133MHz respectively), and the memory can often work at the frequency increase. Most memory chips of PC66 can work stably at the 1MHz external frequency of CAS=3, and some high-quality PC1 memories. Some unscrupulous merchants use Remark to polish the logo of memory chips, such as polishing the logo of PC-1 memory and printing it as PC-133, and then rewriting some contents of electronic erase memory, and then selling it at a higher price for profit. When we buy memory, we must first look at the logo of the memory chip, and the logo of the genuine chip is generally etched by laser, with a deep notch. However, the surface of polished memory chips is often smooth, and the surface logo is mostly printed. Secondly, after the memory stick is installed, the machine should run some memory-intensive applications, such as 3DS, AutoCAD and so on. If the memory chip is counterfeit, some abnormal errors may occur.

at present, most of the SDRAM we can buy are made by LGS, Hyundai or Samsung of Korea. So, is the memory chip marked with -7(X) a 7ns(PC133)? First of all, at present, Samsung's KMxxxSxxxxBT-G7 supports working in 7ns when CAS=3. Secondly, 7K and 7J of LGS are just ordinary PC1 memory, and they can't support 7ns； as some merchants say. Modern electronic memory chips with ATC words are PC1 memories, and those without ATC words are not PC1 memories.

Identification of counterfeit goods of Qiaofeng gold bars

Because Qiaofeng gold bars adopt a unique patented BLP packaging technology, they use six-layer boards, and there is only one model of PC133, it is reasonable to say that it is more difficult to counterfeit. But fakes still appear: the handwriting on the surface of fake chips is vague, and the quality of circuit boards is obviously worse than the real ones. In addition, the fake firewood wind gold bars are only packed in a transparent plastic package, unlike the genuine ones, which have a paper box. In addition, the name and number on the chip have polished marks, and the words are obviously printed, not laser etched. The handwriting on the fake SPD chip is also blurred, and the color of PCB circuit board is darker than the genuine one.

identification of fake KingMax memory

The fake KingMax memory chip bears the logo of KingMax, which looks like a high-quality kingmax memory. In fact, it is very easy to distinguish the true and false kingmax memory: Shengchuang adopts advanced TinyBGA packaging technology. Different from other PC 1－SDRAM memories (packaged in TSOP), the pins of the chip should not be visible on the surface, but the fake KingMax memory is packaged in traditional TSOP, so the pins extending from the chip can be clearly seen. Moreover, the TSOP packaged memory produced by KingMax before was not marked with KingMax logo on the chip. In order to prevent buying fake KingMax memory, it is necessary to recognize whether the memory chip is packaged in TinyBGA.

3. Motherboard

Motherboard plays an important "cornerstone" role in a computer, so be more careful when buying. For the motherboard, the common counterfeiting methods are directly confusing the fake with the real, shoddy and so on. When purchasing, we should pay attention to observe whether the performance and model of the product meet, whether the workmanship is fine and standardized, how the wave soldering process is, and whether the components on the board are complete as new. Secondly, we should directly test the quality of the board and test its overclocking stability. Finally, check whether the attached drive disk (including the given application software CD), wiring and other accessories are complete.

Identification of the authenticity of Gigabyte motherboards

At present, there are counterfeit motherboards in Gigabyte and "parallel imports" that have entered the market through illegal smuggling. In order to make it easier for users to identify the authenticity of products, Gigabyte Company announced the method of how to identify the authenticity of products: First, take a look at "fakes". "Fake goods" means that some unscrupulous manufacturers cheat consumers by copying Gigabyte motherboards or passing off motherboards of other brands as Gigabyte products. These motherboard products usually use some low-grade materials, the manufacturing process is rough, and the quality is not guaranteed. Taking Gigabyte GA-6VXE as an example, from the product appearance:

a. At present, the version number of GA-6VXE motherboard PCB is REV2.2, but the "fake" is REV2.3；;

The motherboards produced by B and Gigabyte have all met the requirements of PC99 specification, so the serial and parallel ports, as well as the PS/2 keyboard and mouse interfaces are all color interfaces, while "fake" products generally do not use color interfaces due to cost considerations;

c and Gigabyte boards have always been made of high-quality materials. The slots and electronic components of the main board are made of high-quality products of famous brands (such as fOXCONN, etc.), with strong materials and superior manufacturing technology, while "fake products" use inferior materials;

d, Gigabyte motherboards generally use high-quality batteries from SONY and MAXELL, while "fake" ones use TOSHIBA batteries;

e, Gigabyte motherboards generally adopt the "color recognition" IDE interface, with one slot in white and one in black (for motherboards with ATA66 function, one in blue and one in white), while "fakes" are all in black;

f, the instructions attached to Gigabyte's main board are all in Chinese, and the pictures on the back cover of the main board have high definition, and the nuances can still be identified by naked eyes, while the descriptions of "fake goods" are in English, or the printing quality is poor.

from the product packaging, Jixi motherboard products are covered with thick anti-static bags, and a layer of foam protection is placed at the bottom of the packaging box. The motherboard packaging box is sapphire blue with bright colors and good printing quality, especially the small words on some small icons (such as ISO91) are very clear. The characters on the packaging box are simplified Chinese, and the packaging box is made of good material, with straight and straight folding lines, and the box body is not easy to crush.

next, let's take a look at "parallel imports". "Parallel imports" are not "fakes", but products that enter the market through illegal channels. The difference between it and the genuine product lies in:

A. The product serial number and quality inspection label should be attached to the motherboard of the genuine product. You can see that there are some white long-strip labels (product serial number labels) printed with SNXXXXXXXXXX, a 1-digit number, and a bar identification code above the number. Similarly, there are the same labels on the outer packaging of the motherboard, and the identification numbers are the same, while there are no labels on the "parallel imports" or the labels have been deliberately torn off;

b, the instructions attached to "parallel imports" are generally English instructions or Chinese instructions with poor printing quality, and the authentic ones are Chinese instructions;

c, "parallel imports" generally do not have boxes or use boxes with poor quality, and the genuine products have boxes with good quality;

d, "parallel imports" sometimes have original packaging boxes, but the printed words are in English, while the genuine ones are in simplified Chinese.

Compared with the genuine products, "fake" and "parallel products" have great differences in performance, and the quality of motherboards cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, most of the "parallel products" are specially simplified for a certain manufacturer, and the selection of peripheral devices is limited, and their functions are not perfect, so users will have many problems after using them.