The world's first refrigerator was designed and manufactured by E.J. Coberland, an engineer of the Carl Weinert Company in the United States. Born in 1918.
Development history:
1. Human beings have understood from a very early time that food stored at lower temperatures is less likely to spoil. In more than 2000 BC, ancient residents of the Euphrates and Tigris river basins in Babylon, West Asia, began to pile ice blocks in pits to refrigerate meat. In the Shang Dynasty (early 17th century BC to 11th century BC), China also knew how to use ice to refrigerate and preserve food. In the Middle Ages, primitive refrigerators that placed ice cubes in special water cabinets or stone cabinets to preserve food appeared in many countries. This type of refrigerator was still sold in the United States until the 1850s.
2. In 1822, the famous British physicist Faraday discovered the phenomenon that gases such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, and chlorine will turn into liquids under pressurized conditions and turn into gases when the pressure is reduced. In the process of changing from liquid to gas, a large amount of heat is absorbed, causing the surrounding temperature to drop rapidly. Faraday's discovery provided a theoretical basis for later generations to invent artificial refrigeration technologies such as compressors.
3. In 1834, American engineer Jacob Perkins invented the world's first compression refrigeration device, which was the prototype of the modern compression refrigeration system. In the same year, Perkins received the first freezer patent issued in the United Kingdom.
4. The first artificial refrigeration compressor was invented by Harrison in 1851. Harrison was the owner of Australia's Geelong Advertiser. When he used ether to clean lead type, he discovered that ether coating on metal had a strong cooling effect. Ether is a liquid with a very low boiling point, which easily evaporates and absorbs heat. After research, Harrison developed a freezer using ether and a refrigerator pressure pump, and applied it to a brewery in Victoria, Australia, for cooling during brewing.
5. In 1873, German chemist and engineer Carl von Linde invented a refrigerator using ammonia as the refrigerant. Linde used a small steam engine to drive the compression system, causing ammonia to be repeatedly compressed and evaporated to produce refrigeration. Linde first applied his invention to the Sedummar brewery in Wiesbaden, designing and manufacturing an industrial refrigerator. Later, he improved industrial refrigerators. To miniaturize it, the world's first artificially refrigerated household refrigerator was created in 1879. The steam-powered refrigerator was quickly put into production, and by 1891, 12,000 units had been sold in Germany and the United States.
6. In 1910, the world's first compression refrigeration household refrigerator was launched in the United States.
7. In 1913, the world's earliest household refrigerator was developed in Chicago, USA. This kind of refrigerator named "Dumer" brand has a wooden shell and a compression refrigeration system installed inside, but the effect is not ideal.
8. In 1918, engineer Coberlandt of the American KE-LVZNATOR company designed and manufactured the world's first mechanical refrigeration household automatic refrigerator. This kind of refrigerator is crude and bulky, with a wooden casing, a mixture of seaweed and sawdust as insulation, and a water-cooled compressor that makes a lot of noise. However, its birth announced that the development of household refrigerators has entered a new stage.
9. The first refrigerator that used an electric motor to drive a compressor was invented by Swedish engineers Breton and Mendes in 1923. Later, an American company bought their patent and produced the first batch of household refrigerators in 1925.
10. In 1925, the Swedish Lido Company developed a household absorption refrigerator. The electric compressor and the refrigerated box of the original refrigerator were separated. The latter was usually placed in the kiln or storage room of the home and was connected to the electric compressor through pipes. Later, the two were combined into one.
11. Before the 1930s, most of the refrigerants used in refrigerators were unsafe, such as ether, ammonia, sulfuric acid, etc., which were either flammable, corrosive, or irritating. Later, I started to search for safer refrigerants and found Freon.
Freon is a non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-flammable fluorine compound. It soon became the refrigerant for various refrigeration equipment and has been used for more than 50 years. However, it was also found that Freon has a destructive effect on the ozone layer of the earth's atmosphere. So people began to look for new and better refrigerants.
Freon: Also known as Freon, the name comes from the English Freon, which is a refrigerant trademark registered by DuPont Company of the United States. In China, there are differences in the definition of Freon. It is generally defined as the general term for halogenated compounds of saturated hydrocarbons (mainly methane, ethane and propane). According to this definition, Freon can be divided into four categories: CFC, HCFC, HFC; some scholars Freon is defined as a CFC refrigerant; in some data, Freon only refers to dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl?F?, that is, R12, a type of CFC).
Freon is a colorless gas or volatile liquid at room temperature, odorless or slightly odorless, non-toxic or low-toxic, and has stable chemical properties.
Because CFC refrigerants such as dichlorodifluoromethane destroy the ozone layer in the atmosphere, their use has been restricted. There have been many holes in the ozone layer on the earth, some of which are larger than the area of ??Africa. The main reason is because of the chemical properties of CFCs. Another hazard of Freon is the greenhouse effect.
Data source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Freon