Citrus industry is the leading industry of agriculture in Luxi, and it is also an important pillar industry of rural economy in this county. After years of development, the construction of citrus industry in Luxi has made some achievements, but there are also many problems. In order to promote the sustainable and healthy development of citrus industry, our county actively explores and overcomes difficulties, and fully promotes the upgrading of citrus in western Shandong.
I. Basic information
Luxi ponkan has a long history. With the strong support of previous county committees and governments, it entered the fast lane of development in the 1980s, and independently developed and popularized two excellent varieties of "8304" and "8306", which made the development of Luxi Ponkan industry reach a new level. At the beginning of the 20th century, the ponkan industry in the county developed from 230,000 mu in 2006 to 300,000 mu in 2065, with 438+00, and the ponkan planting area made a new breakthrough.
In recent years, the annual output of ponkan in our county has reached more than 6.5438+0.8 million tons, with an annual output value of more than 200 million yuan. Ponkan revenue accounts for 40% of the county's total agricultural output value and 45% of farmers' per capita net income. More than 65,000 farmers have been lifted out of poverty by planting ponkan. Industrial development has five characteristics: First, large investment in industrial construction. Every year, more than 10,000 yuan 10 is tied up to support agriculture, and the construction of ponkan industry is vigorously promoted. The second is to develop industrial bases on a large scale. The county has developed ponkan, built a green food production base 1 10,000 mu, a pollution-free food production base 1 10,000 mu, and an export base of 20,000 mu. The third is the standardization of orchard construction. By the end of 20 14, 30,000 mu of standard citrus orchards had been built in 7 main producing towns in the county, and the quality was improved by 6,000 mu. Wuxi Shangbao Ponkan Modern Agricultural Industrial Park has become the benchmark for the construction of Ponkan industry in the county. At present, the construction of Tanxi ten thousand mu Ponkan Science and Technology Ecological Demonstration Park is trying to become a model for the whole state. The fourth is to develop industrial processing clusters. At present, there are 7 fresh fruit sales and deep processing enterprises in our county 17, supporting 8 towns including Baisha and Pushi to build 45,000 tons of citrus processing projects. Orange deep processing cluster has outstanding benefits. Fifth, the brand orientation of marketing. Based on the strategy of "entering supermarkets in large and medium-sized cities at home and abroad", we make full use of a series of brand logos of "Luxi Ponkan" to promote the brand sales of Luxi Ponkan.
Second, the existing problems
First, the industrial layout is unreasonable. More than 95% of the villages and towns in the county 15 planted ponkan, with a single variety, lacking the collocation of early, middle and late maturity varieties, and unable to form peak-to-peak sales. The regional layout is unscientific. The quality and fruit moisture content of ponkan in Shiliuping, Heshui, Xinglongchang, Yongxingchang and other towns are not as good as those along the Weihe River.
Second, the infrastructure is not perfect. Insufficient irrigation conditions and facilities have affected the growth of citrus. The construction of transportation infrastructure lags behind, and there are almost no roads in the county's ponkan base, which leads to high product collection and transportation costs and affects fruit quality. The poor storage equipment and the serious shortage of large and medium-sized storage transfer stations have greatly affected the grading packaging, storage and preservation of ponkan.
Third, the production technology is not guaranteed. First of all, the strength of citrus science and technology personnel in the county is insufficient, the investment in scientific research is limited, the research and development of citrus is basically at a standstill, there are fewer opportunities for learning and training, and there is not much understanding of new citrus varieties, new technologies and new methods, so it is difficult to implement technology promotion and technical services. Secondly, the construction of standard parks requires large investment and high production requirements, while fruit farmers are retail investors with low income and low overall quality, making it difficult to implement standardized production.
Fourth, the management level is not high. The degree of specialization and organization of citrus production in the county is low. Although there are 44 citrus professional cooperatives, they are still mainly planted by retail investors, so it is difficult to form a scale operation. According to the survey, 90% of abandoned and abandoned orange orchards in the county are under 20 mu, 20-50 mu of orange orchards are in semi-abandoned state, and 70% of orange orchards above 50 mu are still in management state. The land transfer system is not perfect, and some fruit farmers have carried out land transfer, but the procedures are not perfect and there are hidden dangers of contradictions and disputes.
Fifth, the marketing network is not perfect. At present, the sales of ponkan in this county are still mainly based on the road market, and the leading enterprises, professional cooperatives, agents and big distributors selling ponkan have not yet formed a complete market sales chain, lacking modern online marketing means, making it difficult to grasp and operate the big market.
Third, development countermeasures
1, reasonable layout, promote industrial production. According to the implementation plans of luxi county 20 12-2020 Ponkan Standard Garden Construction Plan and luxi county Citrus 20 13-2020 Variety Improvement Plan, the layout will be optimized, the key points will be highlighted and implemented step by step, so as to promote the citrus industry to gather in advantageous areas, key towns and places with good supporting facilities and basic conditions. With towns and villages such as Pushi, Dalan, Heshui and Shiliuping as the center, we will build a citrus production base in western Shandong and fully promote the regional production of citrus industry.
2. Adjust the structure to improve the overall efficiency of the industry. The leading industrial position of citrus in our county is difficult to adapt to the diversified development of citrus market. We actively introduce new varieties, such as Mixiang 1, Dafan 1, Xiaoqing Citrus, Grapefruit and Navel Orange, etc., and select excellent new citrus varieties suitable for local cultivation, vigorously implement product change and low-grade change, expand high grafting area, establish demonstration bases, realize the diversification of citrus varieties, effectively optimize the planting structure of citrus varieties in western Shandong and upgrade the industry.
3. Supporting construction and consolidating the foundation of industrial facilities. First, scientific planning. Do a good job in orchard infrastructure construction planning, so that the layout of facilities such as access roads, park working roads, water collection tanks, storage warehouses and controlled atmosphere warehouses is scientific and reasonable, and the cornerstone of industrial development is consolidated. Second, increase support. Further increase investment, concentrate strength and funds, and ensure that the construction of supporting facilities such as roads and working roads in the park is advanced in an in-depth and orderly manner.
4, strengthen scientific research, improve the content of industrial science and technology. The first is to grasp scientific research. Increase investment in citrus research and promotion, encourage independent research and innovation, actively carry out citrus research, and do a good job in introducing new varieties and demonstrating and popularizing new technologies. The second is to change the quality to low. Efforts will be made to promote the standardization of orchards, vigorously promote the transformation from high to short, from dense to sparse, from poor to excellent, and promote the complete transformation of the park. The third is to grasp technical training. According to the requirements of standardized production in orchards, we should do a good job in the training of fruit farmers, improve their scientific and technological quality, and implement joint parcel delivery by technicians to provide technical support for citrus planting, picking, storage and grading packaging. Fourth, pay attention to deep processing. Guide and set up enterprises, promote the deep processing of citrus products, extend the industrial chain and enhance the added value of the industry.
5, innovative mode, deepen the degree of industrial organization. First, actively cultivate new business entities. According to the needs of industrial development, we will vigorously cultivate new business entities such as leading enterprises, professional cooperatives and large growers to enhance the degree of industrial organization. The second is to speed up land circulation. Improve the land circulation mechanism, encourage and guide farmers to carry out land circulation, accelerate the pace of land circulation, and promote the scale and industrialization of citrus industry. The third is to innovate business models. Establish a linkage mechanism between leading enterprises, professional cooperatives and fruit farmers, encourage merchants to operate and develop Luzhou citrus industry, guide fruit farmers to participate in land subcontracting and shareholding, and form a business model of "leading enterprises (cooperatives)+bases+farmers" to promote the sustained and healthy development of the county's citrus industry.
6. Open up the market and promote industrial brand marketing. The first is to improve the marketing system of ponkan. Focus on supporting the development of leading enterprises, large marketing households and professional cooperatives, and do a good job in the construction of industrial marketing networks. The second is to strengthen the construction of marketing window. Strengthen policy support, focus on market window construction, grasp information, run the market, connect merchants, and provide sales market services for fruit farmers. The third is to focus on building brand image. Do a good job in the construction of "Luxi Ponkan" quality processing system, implement "unified technology, unified testing, unified standardization system and unified registered trademark", establish and improve the standardized production and product quality traceability system of citrus, establish production files, and realize the whole process monitoring of citrus products from field production to consumption. At the same time, the production, processing, transportation and sales of citrus products are strictly regulated, and the origin, quality and grade of citrus products are marked, so as to achieve "establishing a brand by quality, creating Excellence by brand and occupying the market by brand", and intensify the propaganda of "Luxi Ponkan" to effectively enhance brand awareness and market share.