The book is very loud,
Scholarly family,
Scholarly family,
Painting and calligraphy Mao You,
Scholars' views,
The secretary is very elegant,
Have a wealth of books and cars,
Calligraphy, bamboo and silk,
Books pass through two single,
The book sword fell,
Books are not simple enough,
The sound of the book is bright,
There are not enough books,
This book is empty,
Academic and smelly,
The schoolbag is bottomless,
Book spelling water
Books (Chinese characters)
Book, (book, shū), from Yu to Yue, was the rule of string in ancient times, and later sages used books easily.
In the history of Xu Lin's Xu Wen, the Yellow Emperor Cang Xie wrote a book about it first, and it was pictographic according to the class, so it was called Wen, and the later forms and sounds brought out the best in each other, that is, it was called Zi. Written in a book called bamboo silk. Books, such as also.
1. Project cost: ~. ~ question. ~ draft. ~ fragrance. Curling (refers to a literati's style in speaking, writing, painting, etc. ) ~ angry (refers to the reader's habit of being divorced from reality);
2. letter: ~ letter. ~ Za。 ~ Jane. ~ letter;
3. Document: certificate. Explain. Rent ~;
4. Writing or writing words: ~ method. ~ write. ~ table. ~ case. ~ painting;
5. write an article: big ~ special ~. It's hard to count ~;
7. The name of the ancient book, the abbreviation of Shangshu (also called "Book Classic");
8. A general term for some forms of Quyi: Shuo. Listen. 9. Books are the ladder of human progress.
Chinese name
book
Foreign name
book
spell
hush
transfer
ㄕㄨ
radical
Transverse fold
Total stroke
four
Wu Bi
NNHY
Cang Jie
Identification Section
Simplified Chinese character stroke order
Horizontal folding, horizontal folding hook, vertical, point.
Traditional Chinese character stroke order
Cross fold, cross fold, cross fold and cross fold.
traditional Chinese characters
book
words explanation
Book verb
Example: books and chopsticks are also available. -"Shuo Wen". It is said that the preface says, "write it in a book called bamboo and silk."
Shen, The Curse of Books
Example: six books in five days. -"Zhou Li Bausch"
Example: writing a book. It was recorded on bamboo and wood with a knife in ancient times, painted on silk with lacquer in the middle ages, and written on paper with ink in later generations. -Zhu Shuo Wen Tong Xun was later written in ink on paper. -Zhu's "Shuo Wen Tong Xun"
Exodus: It is very simple to use a book contract. -"Yi copula"
A book writer writes words with strokes. -"Preface to Shangshu"
For example: "Zhang Zi Shu Zhu Shen". -"The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong"
For example, Naidan wrote that "King Chen Sheng" was put in the belly of a fish. -"Historical Records Chen She Family"
For example, the word "Qu" in the great book exposed the two poles and went to Yushitai. -Gao Mingqi's "Shubo Chicken"
Exodus: Everyone says the same thing, so it is a book. -Miscellaneous Notes in Fang Bao's Prison
Another example is: book waiting (writing greetings); Book evil (recording crime); Clerk (a clerk who copies documents, etc.) ); Calligraphy and painting (commuting); Writing (writing); Book copying (referring to handwritten copying); Books (writing tools, stationery); Book coupons (writing contracts); Book inkstone (inkstone); Book prison (writing prison words); Book life (writing letters and orders); Book cover (a kind of stationery, used as an arm when writing, so that the wrist presses the paper to prevent ink stains); Book posts (write simple posts).
Exodus: Today, the general asked, what makes my book evil? -"Purple Tongzhi Sword". Hu Sansheng's Note: "Books are OK, so are paintings."
Simplified text
For example, a book is a book that contains book references. -"Zheng Zitong"
Shen Zi and Zi Han are both writers. -"Historical Records and Biographies of Han Fei"
Exodus: Why study and then study? -"Advanced Analects of Confucius"
For example, a calligrapher has a total of five classics and six books. -"Historical Records and the Book of Rites"
For example, read The History of Tibetan Scriptures by Xie Huan Gong (Yuan Keli), especially The Book of Jade in a Golden Box. -Preface to Yuan Boying's Poems by Chen Jiru in Ming Dynasty.
Example: Borrowing books from Huang Xiang. In the book given by the owner. -Qing Yuanmei's "Huang Sheng Borrowing Books"
For example, the family is poor and can't read books, so they borrow them from the library every time. -Song Ming Lian's Preface to Dongyang
Book nouns
Another example: history books (history books); Books (pictures and books. Generally refers to books); Booksellers (vendors selling books and stationery); Scholarly family (a family that has been studying for generations); Intellectual family
Chinese calligraphy
One pulse (family style of knowing books and understanding); The schoolbag has turned over (referring to the poor scholar's prosperity); Book riddle (a riddle composed of words in a book); Book handkerchief (gift money. In the Ming dynasty, officialdom used to use books and handkerchiefs as gifts, called book handkerchief); Book sword (book and sword. What ancient literati carried with them. Later also refers to the literati career); Books (small book boxes); Book instrument (gift money given under the guise of buying books); Book rot (bookworm) refers to pedantic literati); Book heart (the most wonderful chapter of a book); Book robbery (book disaster); Book club (a society organized by opera writers and speakers in the Song and Yuan Dynasties); Bookworm (bookworm); Book city (books are listed as cities with many words); Book brain (the part where holes are punched and threaded in book binding); Bookstore (place where books are collected); Book catalogue (book catalogue); Schoolbag (bag for books)
After three months of war, a piece of news from China is of great value. -Du Fu's Hope for Spring
Example: One person attached a book, and two people died in battle. -Tang Du Fu's "Stone Trench"
Exodus: It is meaningless for all people to hold this discussion when they read the book that the water steps 800 thousand, but they are afraid and don't expect it to be true or false. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"
Example: Express service is the most complicated and demanding, and the official (Yuan Keli) is responsible for delivering books. -Mingji Chen Ru's "Fuma Festival Atlas Yuan Gong Family Temple"
Another example is: book intermediary (messenger who delivers letters); The end of the book (letter, the end of the letter); Book display (also known as "book flow"). Letters to superiors or elders); Calligraphy (book); Book office (official in charge of documents); Master Shu Qi (a screen friend who manages documents); Bookkeeper (small official in charge of documents); Book ruler (letter); Book elements (letters); Book tube (ancient tube for letters) also refers to letters); Book title (referring to letters); Book cover (letter)
Exodus: There will be a reward for those who write and exhort me. -"The Warring States Policy, Qi Ce, Zou Ji" satirizes Wang Qi's Shangshu.
Ex.: There are twelve volumes of the art of war, each with the name of the Lord. -Mulan Poetry, a Collection of Yuefu Poems
Example: Huan Gong's illness is getting worse and worse, but Guan Zhong is worried. There is a book hanging on the door: "If there is a ghost who can speak openly, he should be given a third of the fief." -Feng Ming's "The Legend of the Dream Dragon in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty"
Example: Wu Zhong (Yuan Keli), the manager of the company, wrote a simple column, wrote a letter and cut books for 26 years. -Mingji Chen Ru's "Fuma Festival Atlas Yuan Gong Family Temple"
For example, if Mr. Wang has something to say, it is only in the book he submitted. -Liang Qingqichao's Biography of Tan Sitong
Another example is: certificate; Letter of guarantee; Description; Books can (official documents, calligraphy approval); Books (documents); Books (documents); Bookstore (warehouse for collecting documents and pictures); Library assistant (assistant who sponsors documents); Book office (official in charge of documents)
Online Calligraphy: "Book"
Exodus: Ask your loved ones for sweet words, play music and books to eliminate worries. -Tao Jin Yuanming's "Gui Xi Ci"
Example: Learning books consumes more paper than drinking. -Ouyang Xiu's "Learning Book Fee Paper"
Example: Yuan Shu, the son of Yuan Keli, became a monk and carved more than ten kinds of calligraphy by Wang Juesi. -Qi Ming watch home "qi Zhong Min diary"
Another example is: regular script; Official script; Book quality evaluation (judging the merits of calligraphy and articles); Book sage (refers to the calligrapher with the highest attainments); The meaning of the book (the essence of calligraphy); Books (books that comment on the merits and demerits of calligraphy; Style attainments of calligraphy); Calligraphy style (calligraphy style)
Example: Isn't the book a cloud? "Ask and answer." -Qing Liu Kay "Ask and Say"
Ex.: The book says: "Full profit and loss, modest benefit." -Song Ouyang Xiu's "The History of the New Five Dynasties, Biography of Lingguan"
: Exodus Pang Guojuan came to the tree at night and saw the white book. -"Historical Records, Sun Tzu's Art of War and Biography of Wuqi"
Historical Records of the Five Emperors: "Looking at the Spring and Autumn Mandarin, it invented the virtues of the Five Emperors and the emperor's surname Zhang Yi. After in-depth examination, everything you see is true. There is not enough space in the book, and anecdotes about it can always be seen in what he says. "
Example: On a board in your arms, there are several lines of books on it. -Li He felt ironic.
Another example: book theory (that is, arts and sciences. The meaning and context of phrasing); A scribe (a person engaged in writing and clerical work); Book traces (referring to the characters and car traces used by China); Book plan (writing and calculation);
For example, after ten years, I will work and live abroad and learn books and tricks. -Book of Rites. Sun Xidan's design scheme
oracle bone script
Books and strategies, that is, the study of six arts, six books and nine numbers.
For example, there are a large number of people in one county and one country now, and it is often king for those who have no answers. -"Han Shu"
Exodus: When my wife comes home, she will go to the porch and ask me about the past or learn from me. -Ming Gui Youguang's Ji Xiang Proclamation
Tell books, explain texts and words.
edit
Book three, book seven, book seven. From the voice of philosophy. Cut the fish. Sven
Hundred Cities: Those who have rich books are called "Hundred Cities". Biography of Northern History Li Xiaobo: "My husband has thousands of books, why is he away from the south of the city?"
Shu Tian: Farming is a metaphor for reading, so books are also called "Shu Tian". From the poem "Wang Mai sends his nephew to Zhangpu for a thousand miles": "May the son continue from now on, and Shu Tianqin sows."
Classics: Classics and masterpieces generally refer to the most important and instructive works; Barnyard grass, a box for books. Later generations used "classics" instead of good books, and "abdomen" was a metaphor for erudition. "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Biography of Wen Yuan, Yuanyun": "Abdominal poop, five classics; But I want to sleep and think about things. "
Wanjuan: Later generations used "Wanjuan" to refer to an amazing number of books. Du Fu's "Twenty-two Rhymes for Wei Zuocheng": "Reading breaks thousands of volumes and writing is like a god."
Qian Zhongshu, Jin Wu Cang Jiao, Yan Ruyu: books are often used in feudal times. Song Zhenzong's "Persuasion": "Reading and reading, the book has its own thousand points; Read it, the book has its own golden house; Read it, there is Yan Ruyu in the book. "
Five cars: five cars carry books, and there are many books. In the language "Zhuangzi Tianxia", it says, "Hui Shi has many books and five cars."
Many books: describing many books, full of beams; When transporting, the horses and cattle were full and sweaty. Liu Zongyuan's Tomb Table of Mr. Lu: "It is a book, but it is full of sweat." Later generations used "Khan Niu", "Chongdong" or "Khan Niu Chongdong" to borrow extremely rich books. [ 1]?
Book related phrases
Excerpted from Modern Chinese Dictionary, 6th Edition, Commercial Press.
1, back of the book: spine of famous books.
2. Bookstore: A place where famous performers perform folk arts such as storytelling, storytelling and cross talk.
3, bookworm: the name likes books and is addicted to them.
Bookstore: a famous store that printed and sold books in the old days.
5. Study: A room for reading and writing.
6. Book number: the number of the official publication given by the competent department, including the publishing house code and book category code.
7. Back of the book: an article whose name is written at the back of someone else's work to explain or comment on the work.
8. Secretary: Name ① Person in charge of organizations such as party groups at all levels.
(2) In the old days, it was called a person who handled documents and wrote.
9. Clerk: The staff in China people's courts and people's procuratorates who are responsible for recording and handling other related affairs.
10, calligrapher: a person who is good at calligraphy; calligrapher
1 1, bookshelf: a shelf for placing books, mostly made of wood or iron. Also called bookshelf.
12. Bookstore: an institution that used to print books or collect books, and later used as the name of a publishing house or bookstore.
13, bookish: the name refers to the style and spirit of the reader in speaking, writing, writing and drawing.
Quality: The room is well decorated.
14. Book catalogue: a catalogue of various materials about a book or some works, such as editions, illustrations, reviews and their sources.
15, book fan: a person who is fascinated by reading or collecting books.
2 people who are fascinated by pingtan and pingshu.
16, Bibliography: Name ① Book Catalogue.
(2) Quyi refers to storytelling, storytelling, storytelling and other rap programs.
17, book cover: Name ① The outermost layer of books and periodicals, made of thick paper, cloth, silk, leather, etc. Thread-bound books are bookmarked on them, and new books and periodicals are generally printed with the title and author's name.
The paper or plastic film that the reader wraps on the book cover to protect the book: wrapping ~.
18, Book Club: Name ① Reading Club organized by old literati.
(2) The old institution that printed books was later used as the name of the publishing house.
19, bookish: The name refers to the habit that some intellectuals only pay attention to books and are divorced from reality: ~ Man.
20. Book market: Name ① Market where books are sold centrally (mostly temporary and short-term).
(2) Book market: the recession in the last two years.
2 1, Bookstore: The name ① is the house where students study, and now it is also used as the name of the bookstore.
(2) refers to the public reading room, which is a public cultural facility: setting up a farmhouse.
22. Book Department: a series of books on a certain aspect or a special topic: International Sinology Studies.
23. Book industry: the publishing, distribution and sales of famous books.
24. Book shadow: printed matter showing the layout and part of the contents of books and periodicals. In the past, it was carved or lithographed like an original book. Now most of them are photocopied, some are used as inserts, and some are collected into a book, such as Song and Yuan Shuying.
25. Academy: A place set up in a famous old place for people to study and give lectures, presided over by a special person. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has existed in all dynasties. After the abolition of the imperial examination in the late Qing Dynasty, most of them were changed to schools.
Documentary evidence: a written example of the source, meaning and usage of words in a book or annotation.
(2) Legally, it refers to written materials that prove the facts of the case, such as letters, leaflets, contracts, account books, etc. Usually, physical evidence in a broad sense also includes documentary evidence.
27. Book Fair: Name ① Book Fair and Exhibition.
2 calligraphy exhibition.
The best book
The heaviest book in the world: [English] weighs 2.5 tons and covers an area of 4 1 square meter. Its catalogue alone reaches 540,000 pages, which was compiled in 12.
The smallest book in the world: the nano-book. Only 0.07mm wide and 0. 1mm long, this book is TeenyTedfromTurnipTown. It was carved on the surface of crystalline silicon by two physicists from Simon Fraser University in Canada with gallium ion beams, which took four months.
China's First Paper Book: The History of the Three Kingdoms.
The biggest book in the world: This giant book is 2 meters high and 3 meters wide. This book is the Dudende Orthography Dictionary.
The thickest book: Encyclopedia Britannica with 33 volumes.
The largest encyclopedia: Yongle Grand Ceremony
The most widely circulated book in the world: Bible
The earliest novel: Tale of Genji
China's earliest collection of poems: The Book of Songs.
The earliest military work: Sun Tzu's Art of War
The longest poem: King Gelsall.
The oldest heroic epic: the epic of Gilgamesh
Bible, the most translated book in the world.
China's most translated book: Tao Te Ching.
The earliest fable book in the world: Aesop's fables
General History of China's Earliest Biography: Historical Records.
The earliest extant chronicle in China: Spring and Autumn Period.
China's four classical novels: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, Dream of Red Mansions and The Journey to the West.
Ten world masterpieces: War and Peace, Notre Dame de Paris, Childhood, Wuthering Heights and David.
Copperfield, Red and Black, Les Miserables, Anna karenin, John Christophe and Gone with the Wind.
Historical evolution of books
Oracle Bone Inscriptions wrote it in the late Yin Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago, before paper was invented. People use local materials and carve the contents on tortoise shells and animal bones. This is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. "The Story of the Stone" In ancient times, stones were also used as writing materials, and even the whole works or works were carved on stones. Bamboo slips are the general name of bamboo slips and wooden slips with characters left over from ancient China. A silk book, a silk book.
Small/small seal characters
Silk is a kind of silk fabric, which is light, soft and smooth and easy to color. The width of the width can be tailored according to the number of words, and can be folded or rolled up at will, which is convenient to carry and can make up for the lack of simplicity. Ancient Book Writing In the early days of the invention of paper, paper books did not completely replace bamboo slips and silk books, but were used together. In addition, there are printed books from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty to modern e-books.
Regardless of ancient and modern times, people always give the highest affirmation and special care to books. Hand-refined paper is especially suitable for China's calligraphy and painting, which can be divided into two kinds: raw and cooked.
Many great creations of mankind have gone through a long process of development, condensed the painstaking efforts of countless people, and are developing and growing all the time, and books are no exception. Take China as an example, it has a history of at least 3,500 years, during which people have invested more wisdom and labor. After repeated creation and improvement, books have become what they are today. Generally speaking, in history, except some books made for special purposes, the development of books can be found in a little context. In the earliest communication, people may only use gestures or volume as a medium when gesturing to each other. Later, from the accumulation of experience, some fixed syllables were determined to represent a certain meaning, so human beings walked out of the silent era and entered a society with words and no words.
With language, human beings often remember what they hear by memory and then repeat it to others; Or spread your ideals and personal experiences through language. This purpose and method are similar to the functions of future books, so it can be called oral living books. People's memory is limited in the end, and sometimes it will go out of shape. Spoken movable type books must have many defects. As a result, intelligent human beings have invented many ways to help memory, among which knotting is the most representative. We can call it a rope book, which expresses different meanings through the size, tightness, quantity and different colors of knots.
Rope books can be spread far away and preserved for a long time, which has some advantages over language. However, due to the limited change of its style, it can not meet the needs of the rapidly progressing human society. Therefore, human beings began to imitate nature, simplify the external image, transform it into a simple image, and then improve it again as a symbol of the image. This kind of picture, that is, the embryonic form of existing characters, is generally called character painting. Later, after further improvement and evolution, it gradually became a stereotyped hieroglyph. After a long period of development, countless fonts have finally been achieved for people to apply. The appearance of characters not only opened up a new realm for human civilization, but also laid a solid foundation for books.
China's memorial was developed before the memorial. Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty was mostly a question, but he could remember very little. In the past two weeks, Jin Wen has mainly memorized words. It was not until the Warring States period that chronicles made great progress. Ancient language and writing are probably integrated, and what is said and written can be called "words". Oracle Bone Inscriptions is called "Ci", and most of "Shangshu" are actually "Ci". We think these words are all "elegant words" at that time, that is, Mandarin or Mandarin at that time. However, when it spread to later generations, this Mandarin or Mandarin became an ancient expression.
Various editions of this book.
original font
With words, you need to find materials to write and engrave first. The earliest writing materials were taken from nature, such as stones, bark, leaves, skin, animal bones and animal shells. However, these materials all have their own defects, which can not give full play to the recording function of words. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, knowledge became more and more popular, and books became popular. In order to meet the needs, simplified books and silk books came out one after another. Jane is a long and narrow strip made of bamboo or wood. When writing, one piece is connected from top to bottom, and then arranged from right to left in turn, and connected with a rope. Only in this way can the works be coherent and complete. Silk books are books written with silk fabrics. Because they are soft and light, they are easy to carry and read. It's just that simple books are cumbersome and silk books are expensive, which is not conducive to the popularization of knowledge and the long-term development of books, so people invented paper instead.
The appearance of paper was about the Western Han Dynasty, and it was officially recorded in the history books in A.D. 105. Because of its softness and low cost, paper has quickly become the most important material for making books. After the appearance of paper, although many problems in book making have been solved, book making still stays in word-for-word copying, which is time-consuming and laborious, but it is still inconvenient. From the long-term experience of using seals and hammering inscriptions, people inspired the combination of block printing technology, made books conveniently and quickly, and finally invented books. Demonstration of ancient papermaking technology.
Engraving printing appeared in the early and prosperous Tang Dynasty. Because it was a good way to make books in the handicraft era, it was quickly popularized and used, and became the main force to make books after the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty. In order to make printing technology more convenient and beautiful, Song Renzong invented movable type typesetting printing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 104 1 ~ 1048). At the end of Yuan Dynasty, it advanced to the printing field of color overprint. Since then, the printing technology is not only mature and comprehensive, but also the printed products are exquisite and moving.
Besides writing, paper and printing, how to bind books? It is also one of the elements. Since the strategy of bamboo and wood simplicity, the decorative skills of China's books, that is, continuous improvement and upgrading, have evolved towards simplicity, practicality and elegance. From ancient times to the present, the restriction of book binding has evolved into many ways, such as volume, leaf, folding, butterfly, treasure quilt, thread and so on. Although modern books are bound in paperback and hardcover forms by mechanical operation, some photocopied and published ancient books often use lines to enhance the ancient meaning, which can quite arouse nostalgia for the ancients. There were early books on copper protection in China.
However, no matter how the book making method changes, its basic principle can not be separated from the old method. Today, the elements of making books, such as plate making, printing and paper making, can be said to have evolved from the old inventions of the Chinese people. Therefore, when we remember the progress of human civilization and the history of book development, it is always difficult to suppress a nameless sense of excitement and glory. Of course, it will be more meaningful to encourage ourselves and reflect on the glorious heritage of our ancestors.
Book picture book
There is no complete and accurate definition of pocket books, which generally refers to books with a size of less than 32 sheets and a printed sheet of no more than 10. The rise of pocket books can be traced back to the Penguin series published in London in July 1935, which sold more than 25 million copies in three years and achieved great success. Pocket books swept the world and triggered a "paper book revolution", which had a far-reaching impact on the publishing industry in Europe and America. They were even included in human inventions, human adventures and unusual events in the 20th century together with Kodak Colom color film invented in the United States.
ebook / electronic book / e-book
E-books refer to publications that digitize information such as words, pictures, sounds and images, and handheld readers that integrate storage media and display terminals to implant or download information such as words, pictures, sounds and images. It represents the digital publication that people read, so it is different from the traditional publication based on paper. It is recorded in digital form in devices with optical, electrical and magnetic media, and read, copied and transmitted with the help of specific devices.