3G is the abbreviation of English 3rdGeneration, which refers to the third generation mobile communication technology. Compared with the first generation of analog mobile phones (1G) and the second generation of GSM, TDMA and other digital mobile phones (2G), the third generation of mobile phones generally refers to a new generation of mobile communication system that combines wireless communication with multimedia communication such as the Internet. It can handle images, music, video streams and other media forms, and provide a variety of information services including web browsing, teleconference, e-commerce and so on. In order to provide this service, wireless networks must be able to support different data transmission speeds, that is, at least 2Mbps (megabits per second), 384kbps (kilobits per second) and 144kbps in indoor, outdoor and driving environments, respectively.
compared with the first generation of analog mobile phones (1G) and the second generation of GSM, TDMA and other digital mobile phones (2G), 3G communication has many names, which are stipulated by ITU as "IMT-2" (International Mobile Phone 2) standard, while European telecom giants call it "UMTS" universal mobile telecommunications system.
At present, there are three international standards for 3G handsets: WCDMA standard in Europe, CDMA2 standard in the United States and TD-SCDMA standard proposed by Chinese scientists.
Now "3G communication" is about to become the mantra on people's lips. Do you know what 3G communication is? The so-called 3G, in fact, its full name is 3rd Generation, and its Chinese meaning refers to the third generation digital communication. The first generation of digital mobile phones, which came out in 1995, can only make voice calls; In 1996-1997, the second-generation digital mobile phone added the function of receiving data, such as receiving email or web pages; The main difference between the third generation and the first two generations is the improvement in the speed of transmitting sound and data. It can handle various media forms such as images, music and video streams, and provide various information services including web browsing, teleconference and e-commerce. Compared with the first generation of analog mobile phones (1G) and the second generation of GSM, TDMA and other digital mobile phones (2G), 3G communication has many names, which are stipulated by ITU as "IMT-2" (International Mobile Phone 2) standard, while European telecom giants call it "UMTS" universal mobile communication system. According to the standard, when the mobile terminal moves at the speed of the vehicle, its transmission data rate is 144kbps, when it is stationary or walking outdoors, its rate is 384kbps, and it is 2Mbps indoors. However, these requirements do not mean that the user's available rate can reach 2Mbps, because the indoor rate will also depend on the detailed frequency planning in the building and the close cooperation between the organization and operators.
the international telecommunication union (ITU) has determined that the three mainstream wireless interface standards for 3G communication are W-CDMA (wideband code division multiple access), CDMA2 (multicarrier wavelength division multiplexing spread spectrum modulation) and TDS-CDMA (time division-synchronous code division multiple access access). Among them, the W-CDMA standard mainly originated from the early third-generation wireless research activities in Europe and Japan. The system is used on the existing GSM network and can be easily transitioned for system providers. The main supporters of this standard are Europe, Japan and South Korea. At the end of last year, at&; T Mobile Business Branch also announced that it has chosen WCDMA as its third-generation business platform. CDMA2 system is mainly put forward by Qualcomm North America Company, and its construction cost is relatively low. Its main supporters include Japan, South Korea and North America. TD-SCDMA standard was put forward by China for the first time, and cooperated with the international community on the basis of RTT. TD-SCDMA standard was completed, and it became a member of CDMA TDD standard. This is a pioneering work in China mobile communication field and China's contribution to the development of the third generation mobile communication. In the competition with 3G standards proposed by Europe and the United States respectively, TD-SCDMA proposed by China has officially become one of the global 3G standards, which indicates that China has entered the leading position in the field of mobile communication.
3G mobile phone is the product of the integration of communication industry and computer industry. Compared with previous mobile phones, the difference is too great, so more and more people begin to call this new mobile communication product "personal communication terminal". Even the most layman in the communication industry can easily judge whether a mobile phone is the "third generation" from its appearance: the third generation mobile phones all have a large color display screen, which is often touch-sensitive. 3G mobile phones can not only complete high-quality daily communication, but also carry out multimedia communication. Users can write and draw directly on the touch screen of 3G mobile phone, and send it to another mobile phone, which may take less than one second. Of course, you can also send this information to a computer or download some information from the computer; Users can use 3G mobile phones to surf the Internet directly, check emails or browse web pages. There will be many models of 3G mobile phones with their own cameras, which will enable users to use their mobile phones for computer conferences and even make digital cameras "redundant".
3G communication is the introduction of the mobile communication service of the first generation analog technology in the mobile communication market, and it has been introduced into the agenda in the vigorous development of the second generation digital mobile communication market. With the rising of Internet data services and the increasing of fixed access rates (HDSL, ADSL, VDSL), 3G mobile communication system has also seen the dawn of the market, which is increasingly concerned by telecom operators, communication equipment manufacturers and ordinary users.
w-CDMA
is WidebandCDMA, also known as CDMADirectSpread, which means wideband code division multiple access. Its supporters are mainly European manufacturers mainly based on GSM system, and Japanese companies are more or less involved, including Ericsson, Alcatel, Nokia, Lucent and Nortel in Europe and America, as well as NTT, Fujitsu and Sharp in Japan. This system can be set up on the existing GSM network, which can be easily transitioned for system providers, and the acceptance of this new technology in Asia, where GSM system is quite popular, is expected to be quite high. Therefore, W-CDMA has inherent market advantages.
3g mobile phone [1][2][3]CDMA2
CDMA2, also known as CDMAMulti—Carrier, was proposed by Qualcomm North America Company of the United States, with Motorola, Lucent and Samsung of South Korea all participating, and South Korea is now the leader of the standard. This system is derived from the narrow-band CDMAOne digital standard, and can be directly upgraded from the original CDMAOne structure to 3G, with low construction cost. But at present, CDMA is only used in Japan, South Korea and North America, so there are not as many supporters of CDMA2 as W-CDMA. However, the research and development technology of CDMA2 is the fastest among the current standards, and many 3G mobile phones have taken the lead.
TD-SCDMA
This standard is a 3G standard independently formulated by Chinese mainland. On June 29th, 1999, China Institute of Telecommunications Science and Technology (Datang Telecom) proposed it to ITU. This standard integrates the international leading technologies such as smart wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio, and has unique advantages in spectrum utilization, flexibility in service support, frequency flexibility and cost. In addition, due to the huge market in China, the standard has attracted the attention of major telecom equipment manufacturers, and more than half of the equipment manufacturers in the world have announced that they can support the TD-SCDMA standard.
Status of TD-CMMB:
On December 24th, 28, Taier Lab of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the first test report of TD-SCDMA mobile phone supporting CMMB function in China for Hisense TM86 yesterday, and two technological achievements independently innovated by China-TD-SCDMA and CMMB-were recognized by professional technology. Another company that obtained the certificate of TD-CMMB testing conformity report is Yulong Coolpad. At the same time, the reporter learned from reliable sources in the industry that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will issue the first mobile phone network access license to TD mobile phones loaded with CMMB as soon as this week.
[ Edit this paragraph] Mobile phone manufacturers and brands that currently support 3G
Nokia, Motorola, Samsung, Sony Ericsson, ZTE, New Post, Hisense, Huali, LG Electronics, Datang, Lenovo, Sanfi, Yulong Coolpad, Panda, dopod, Amoi, UT Starcom, TCL, Huawei, Longqi, Haier, etc.
[ Edit this paragraph] China officially launches domestic 3G
China Mobile held a press conference today, officially announcing that it will officially launch the social service testing and trial commercialization of domestic 3G (TD-SCDMA) in its eight Olympic cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shenyang, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, starting from April 1. China Mobile said that during the trial commercial period, the basic monthly rental fee for domestic 3G mobile phones is 5 yuan/month, and the local basic call charges are free for the caller and the called party. The domestic long-distance call charge is .7 yuan /6 seconds.
In October, 27, the 3G mobile phone unveiled at China International Communication Equipment Technology Exhibition
"It is necessary to consider saving money for a mobile phone again." Lv Xinxin, who claimed to have used 12 mobile phones, said at the TD-SCDMA (TD) demonstration hall outside the south gate of Tsinghua, "I use Apple's iPhone now, and I usually have a Nokia N95 backup. Originally, it was thought that N95 brought back from Hong Kong was already a 3G standard, so it can be used directly when brought back. However, TD standard has just been tried in the Mainland, but N95 is a popular WCDMA in Europe. This means that I have to buy a mobile phone, which is really troublesome. " However, on April 1st, when China Mobile released the trial commercial number of TD, those who flocked to the business hall of China Mobile did not feel any trouble. Nearly 2, people participated in the so-called social business test in eight trial cities across the country. Among the first batch of people who ate crabs, not many actually bought TD mobile phones, and more people came with 3G mobile phone numbers, 157, which became a new reselling variety in China's mobile phone culture.
"My old number 139 is said to be worth 1, yuan." The first batch of Mr. Zhang who grabbed two 157 numbers replied in a telephone interview, "After all, the 157 number is a scarce resource now, even if I don't use it at ordinary times, I won't suffer. Moreover, the 3G mobile phone that is being tried now subsidizes 8 yuan's phone bill every month, and even rewards 8 yuan after playing for 5 minutes. This kind of discount can last for 5 months. " But Mr. Zhang only bought one mobile phone for his two 3G mobile phone numbers. In his view, TD's mobile phones are too ugly and silly now. In fact, the first batch of users who got the TD standard 3G mobile phone number didn't really buy mobile phones. It is roughly estimated by the people that 45% of the first testers are using TD mobile phones, and more people choose to use 3G mobile phones with WCDMA function. Except that they can't enjoy 3G network data traffic, it's no problem to make a phone call.
why don't people like the first batch of 3G mobile phones with TD standard? No matter the official of China Mobile or the TD industry alliance behind the TD standard, no one wants to answer this question. Testing in the trial stage is the best excuse. On the contrary, the first batch of mobile phone terminal manufacturers who participated in the test had a fierce competition for who was the first TD mobile phone to be sold. Hisense attaches great importance to this stunt. They think that their HS-T68 is the first 3G mobile phone bought by users. The first user bought Hisense's 3G mobile phone for 18 yuan in Qinhuangdao. ZTE, however, is somewhat unconvinced. In their view, its U98 has not only become the most expensive high-end TD mobile phone at the high price of 3,8 yuan, but also has the best performance among TD mobile phones in the current testing stage. In contrast, Lenovo mobile phone and New Post are much more low-key, and many users who choose to buy these two brands value the low price of 1,8 yuan, besides, there is a test subsidy from China Mobile in 2 yuan. As the only two foreign mobile phone brands, Samsung and LG have almost become the brands that many ordinary users who intend to buy TD mobile phones stop to study and comment the most. After all, from the brand point of view, these two Korean brands have attracted a large number of GSM and CDMA users. However, there are not many users who can really choose to consume these two brands. Test users who have a little knowledge of telecommunications know that TD, as a local 3G standard in China, is sure that domestic mobile phones have technical advantages in the test stage.
in fact, we can already notice some tendencies from the quantity distribution of the first batch of TD mobile phones purchased by China Mobile. The unknown new post has won the bid of 21, units at one time, accounting for 35% of the first batch of tested mobile phones, while the other two domestic mobile phone brands, Lenovo and Hisense, got the list of 1,5 units respectively. Although ZTE has only 9, sets, it can also add 5, sets of TD network cards, which is not less than the purchase amount of New Post. On the contrary, Samsung and LG Electronics each have 4,5 sets, which has become a rare minority mobile phone. On the other hand, Nokia, Motorola and Sony Ericsson, the three major GSM mobile phone brands, are absent. Regarding the future of TD mobile phones, David Tang, Nokia's global vice president, once said in an interview: "Nokia is good at WCDMA 3G standards in Europe. Since China 3G will definitely launch TD, Nokia, as the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer, has no reason not to participate in the research and development of TD mobile phones." It is also based on this view that Nokia made a joint venture with China Putian early, trying to enter the core circle of TD at any time through China Putian after the policy issues such as 3G license in China were clarified. Compared with Nokia, Motorola and other first-line international mobile phone brands, the first batch of Samsung and LG who participated in the test were very active, which was largely forced by the narrow market capacity in South Korea. Another reason is the expectation of TD standard in Korean telecom field. After all, Korean mobile phone industry has been subject to American CDMA standard for a long time and has no right to speak in WCDMA dominated by Europeans. Wang Hao, manager of 3G department of LG Electronics Mobile Communications Division, said in an interview: "LG mobile phones have always been a member of the forefront in the 3G field. As early as the 22 World Cup, we provided a prototype of WCDMA, and now LG's 3G mobile phone shipments have been ranked first in Europe. For TD with China characteristics, we LG have always been very active in it, dating back to 21 at the earliest. Now we are a senior member of the TD Industry Forum, so you will see LG become one of the first few international brands to participate in the test. For the commercialization of TD, we think it depends on the timetable for the government to issue 3G licenses and the business strategies of telecom operators. " It is based on the vague technical background of testing that domestic mobile phones have a rare local advantage, so the 3G test of TD mobile phones has become a long-lost stage for domestic mobile phones, except for the first batch of four domestic brands participating in the network test, Amoi and Konka.