The city governs 7 banners and 3 districts, with a total area of ??86,800 square meters and a population of 1.94 million (2010). Ordos City is rich in above-ground and underground resources. Among them, the proven coal reserves are 149.6 billion tons, accounting for about 1/6 of the country's total. Ordos City is home to my country's largest world-class integrated gas field, the Sulige Gas Field, with proven natural gas reserves of 500 billion m3. It is a strategic location for my country's West-to-East gas transmission. The city also has proven reserves of trona of 600 billion tons, 100 billion tons of salt, 7 billion tons of Glauber's salt, 3.5 billion tons of gypsum, 6.5 billion tons of limestone, and 6.5 billion tons of kaolin. The city has 4.7 million hectares of usable pasture, with an annual output of more than 700,000 kg of Albas white cashmere, 10 million kg of wool, and 2.3 million skins. The city has the Mausoleum of Genghis Khan, one of the "Top 40" tourist attractions in the country, and famous domestic and foreign tourist attractions such as Yinken Xiangsha and Engebe. At the same time, the ecological environment of Ordos City is very fragile. It is a severe soil erosion area in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River and a major source of sand in the northwest and north China. It is listed by the country as having the most impact on improving the national ecological environment and being the most important for achieving the country's recent ecological environment construction goals. one of the regions. In this land, the "Ordos economic phenomenon" was born.

Edit this paragraph

Related information

Ordos City has become the city with the fastest economic development and the best benefits in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The Ordos economy is an economy dominated by industry. From the city's industrial development history, we can see the formation process of the "Ordos Economic Phenomenon". Since the founding of New China, the city's industrial development has gone through three stages: (1) From 1949 to 1980, it was the low-speed operation stage of the industrial economy. In 1949, Ordos City had only 8 small coal mines that could be called industrial, with an annual output of 68,000 tons and a total industrial output value of 1.94 million yuan, accounting for only 4.1% of the total industrial and agricultural output value. In 1980, the city had 458 industrial enterprises with total assets of 2.08 million yuan. billion, involving coal, textile, medicine, building materials, machinery, food and other industries, with a total output value of 119 million yuan, and the ratio of industrial and agricultural output value was 44.8:55.2. Agriculture still accounts for the dominant position in the national economy. (2) The period from 1981 to 1993 was the “ready to go” stage of industrial development. After 1980, with the westward shift of the national energy strategy, national key construction projects such as Dongsheng Coal Field, Jungar Coal Field, and Dalat Power Plant were started one after another. At the same time, transportation, communications and other infrastructure in Ordos City were also expanded on a large scale. , bringing excellent opportunities to the industrial development of Ordos City. Hubei City took this opportunity to vigorously implement the resource conversion strategy and built a number of large-scale industrial projects. By 1993, the number of industrial enterprises had grown to 491, with total assets reaching 2.41 billion yuan, profits and taxes realized of 169 million yuan, and the ratio of industrial and agricultural output value adjusted to 53:47. Industry began to occupy a dominant position in Hubei's economy, and the four pillar industries of coal, textiles, chemicals, and electric power were basically formed. (3) The period from 1994 to the present has been the “sustainable, rapid and efficient” development stage of the industrial economy, and industry has become the “locomotive” driving local economic development. During this period, the economic aggregate expanded dramatically, the internal structure improved significantly, and the number of industrial enterprises grew to 9,063, with total assets of 29.6 billion yuan. By 2000, the proportion of the three industries had been adjusted to 16:58:26 (45:28:27 in 1978 and 34:41:25 in 1995), fully realizing the transition from an agricultural and animal husbandry economy to an industrial economy. The historic transformation led by China has formed five pillar industries: cashmere spinning, coal, chemical industry, electric power, and building materials. Ordos Cashmere Group's production, processing and sales account for 1/2 of the country's and 1/3 of the world's. Coal production enterprises, mainly Shenhua Group Shendong Company, Shenhua Zhungeer Energy Co., Ltd., Wanli and Yimeng Coal Group, have an annual production capacity of 40 million tons, accounting for 60% of the autonomous region; the Yellow River Wanjiazhai Water Conservancy Project, Da The total installed capacity of Lat Thermal Power Plant and Guohua Zhungeer Thermal Power Plant is more than 2 million KW.

From 1995 to 2000, the city's GDP increased from 4.974 billion yuan to 15.03 billion yuan, an average annual increase of 19% based on comparable prices; per capita GDP increased from 3992 yuan to 10774 yuan, which is 1.96 times the average level of the autonomous region, calculated based on comparable prices. The average annual growth rate is 17.9%; the city's fiscal revenue increased from 444 million yuan to 1.574 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 28.8%; the industrial economy continues to operate at a high speed and efficiently, with the city's industrial assets growing at an average annual rate of 37.5% and the industrial added value growing at an average annual rate of 32.7%, which is higher than the average level of the autonomous region 20 percentage points, the comprehensive index of industrial economic efficiency reached 137.4, ranking first in the autonomous region for seven consecutive years, achieving an average annual growth of 22.7% in profits and taxes, and the total industrial volume jumped from the third to last in the autonomous region in 1990 to the second in the autonomous region (second only to Baotou City); in 2000, the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 5,502 yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 13.5%, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen reached 2,453 yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 14.4%; the poor population in farming and pastoral areas decreased from 523,000 in 1993 to 137,000 in 1999 (the number of poor people returned to poverty due to disasters in 2000 reached 195,900). In 2000, the city's per capita GDP, fiscal revenue, and per capita disposable income of urban residents ranked second in the autonomous region, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen ranked third in the autonomous region. The Ordos economy has achieved its goal of entering the forefront of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as scheduled and created the "Ordos Economic Phenomenon".

During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Ordos City achieved a cumulative GDP of 158.6 billion yuan, which was three times the cumulative completion number of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan". By the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, Ordos' average daily value creation (added value) was 5 years Three times that of before, equivalent to the value created in one year in 1955; in 2005, Ordos' fiscal revenue reached 9.34 billion yuan, nearly six times that at the end of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", with an average annual growth of 41.9, and in 2006 it increased by 56. Suhe's total amount of 14.586 billion yuan ranked first in the autonomous region!

Edit this paragraph

Causes and experiences

There are many reasons for the economic rise of Ordos. The strategic shift of the national energy industry to the central and western regions has played an important role in the economic rise of Ordos. However, this cannot fully explain the reasons for the economic rise of Ordos. The reasons are as follows:

Clear economic development ideas and correctly implement the opening-up strategy

During the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" and "Ninth Five-Year Plan", Ordos worked hard to focus on the economy, focusing on Industry, focus on making a big fuss about industry, and comprehensively reshape and reconstruct Ordos’ ideas for economic development.

In 1979, Ordos City took the lead in the autonomous region by introducing complete sets of Japanese technology and equipment through compensation trade and established the Yimeng Cashmere Sweater Factory (Ordos Group Company). After that, Ordos City successively introduced domestic investment and built major projects such as Zhungeer Coal and Electricity, Dongsheng Coalfield, Ladat Thermal Power, and Wanjiazhai Hydropower. These projects have become important to the development of Ordos City’s industrial economy and even the entire national economy. strength. Since 1992, in order to speed up the pace of opening up, Ordos City has established six development zones as a window to strive to achieve breakthroughs in the fields of high-tech materials, bioengineering, and high-energy product development. So far, some development zones have shown signs of Better development prospects. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the city's cumulative utilization of foreign investment reached 397.48 million US dollars, an increase of 8.6 times compared with the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" period.

Establishing enterprise groups to promote the process of industrialization and scale

In the early 1990s, Ordos City "grasped the big and let go of the small" and took the lead in establishing enterprise groups in the autonomous region, quickly gathering industrial advantages. , the industrial economy develops rapidly. Since 1995, in accordance with the development idea of ??"building a group based on industry and driving industry through group", efforts have been made to support the development of enterprises with annual profits and taxes of more than 10 million yuan. After several years of cultivation, 31 enterprises have reached the above-mentioned scale and have become the mainstay of the city's economic development.

Among them, the industrial added value of the four major groups (Ordos Cashmere Group, Yimei Group, Yihua Group and Yili Group) accounts for 34% of the added value of enterprises above designated size, and the profits and taxes paid account for 20% of the city's fiscal revenue. They have formed the industrial economy of Hubei City. a strong pillar. Ordos Cashmere Group listed B shares as a leading enterprise in 1995, issued additional B shares in 1997, and issued additional A shares in 2001, raising three times RMB 2.4 billion. In 1995, the group was awarded the title of "Cashmere Products King of China" by the National Bureau of Statistics and others. In 2000, the group company achieved sales revenue of 2.07 billion yuan, foreign exchange earnings of 110 million US dollars, and profits and taxes of 440 million yuan. Its efficiency level ranked first in the national textile industry. The development of Ordos's industrialization basically began in 1979 with the establishment of the Ordos Cashmere Sweater Factory, the largest cashmere processing enterprise in Asia at that time. Its establishment was once called "a revolution in China's cashmere industry" by Chinese people of insight, and was also praised by foreign countries. Peers hailed it as "a magnificent sunrise in the history of China's cashmere industry" and marked the beginning of industrialization in the Ordos region.

The city-flag economy is integrated and open innovation is implemented

The overall industrial economy is controlled by the "four major groups", "four-level enterprises" and the construction of industrial parks.

This pioneering move is not only conducive to the overall optimization of resources and the overall development of the enterprise, but also conducive to the multi-level sharing of resources and the simultaneous development of enterprises. "Enterprises at all levels" and "industrial parks" must be open to both inside and outside to introduce capital, technology, talents and management experience, thereby promoting resource development and enterprise development. The concept of "grasping the big ones to strive for strength, letting go of the small ones to survive" is flexibly applied to economic management. In the process of grasping the big ones, we will strengthen the public-owned industries, and in the process of letting go of the small ones, we will develop the non-public-owned industries, which also includes the small non-public-owned industries. Transformation of enterprises into large non-public enterprises. City-flag economic integration. Break the past development situation of industrial convergence, duplication of construction, restricted areas, resource blockade, and separate formations, optimize the combination of superior resources, and form a strong "fist" economy. For example, the Ordos Group owns 35% of the national cashmere sweater market and 25% of the global cashmere sweater market. Yihua has a national baking soda market share of 70%, thus driving the economic development of the banner area and the growth of fiscal revenue. In 2000, 6 of the 8 banner cities had fiscal revenue of over 100 million yuan. Among them, Dongsheng City's local fiscal budget revenue was 298.13 million yuan, ranking 75th among counties (cities) in the country and 1st in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Based on resource advantages, implement resource development and conversion strategies

Ordos Wuhua Tianbao is a rare resource-rich area. It has been initially proven that there are 48 kinds of mineral deposits in 8 major categories, with high-quality Rich gas resources; non-metallic minerals with large reserves, high grade and easy to mine; Albas white cashmere, which is famous both at home and abroad; and high-quality Chinese herbal medicines are famous far and wide. Ordos City is rich in resources, but relatively lacking in capital, technology and talents. To this end, it is necessary to carry out processing, conversion and comprehensive utilization of resources, transform potential resource advantages into actual economic advantages and commodity advantages, and implement a strategy of equal emphasis on resource development and transformation. In recent years, the city has mainly focused on the following aspects of work: First, through "stimulating linkage, increasing income and efficiency," it has vigorously strengthened the comprehensive development of agricultural and animal husbandry resources and continuously extended the processing value-added chain of agricultural and livestock products. The second is to focus on optimizing the incremental asset structure, start the development of processing industry clusters through key projects, and build a new industrial system. The third is to correctly handle the relationship between supporting key national and autonomous region construction projects and developing the local economy. Ordos City provides a full range of services for key construction projects of the country and autonomous regions to ensure that key projects are not disrupted. The completion and commissioning of national key projects has not only increased its contribution to the city's industrial economy and finance year by year, but also effectively promoted the development of local industry, township enterprises, tertiary industry and municipal construction. For example, the development of the Zhungar Coalfield in the past 10 years has transformed Xuejiawan from a small mountain village with only a few dozen households into a star town with a population of 64,000. In August 1999, the Zhungar Banner government also moved from Shagetu Town. Arrive at Xuejiawan Town.

Carry out the reform of the enterprise property rights system and optimize the capital structure

Before the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Ordos City built ahead of schedule, in accordance with the "grouping of pillar industries, backbone enterprises and companies" Based on the idea of ??"privatization and privatization of small and medium-sized enterprises", the banner (district) economy is dominated by the private economy, and vigorously promotes the transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises; it also carries out joint-stock restructuring of member enterprises of the group company to promote the diversification of investment entities. Since 1995, Ordos City has vigorously supported the four major groups of Ordos, Yimei, Yihua, and Elion to successfully implement low-cost expansion. They were the first to implement stock listings in the autonomous region and raised nearly 4 billion yuan, accounting for about 1/3 of the autonomous region. These enterprises have successively entered the ranks of the 500 key enterprises in the country. In September 1995, with the consent of the Securities Commission of the State Council and the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the Shanghai Securities Management Office officially issued a document on September 8, deciding to allocate 110 million shares from the Shanghai RMB Special Stock B-share quota to the Ordos Cashmere Sweater Factory. Listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, the Ordos Cashmere Sweater Factory was renamed "Ordos Cashmere Products Co., Ltd."

Focus on the role of people

On the one hand, it is to mobilize the enthusiasm of leading cadres. The former Party Committee of the Ikezhao League publicly promised the society: "If you don't get rid of poverty in three years, you will get rid of poverty." The requirement for the League Direct Bureau is that if the ranking of departmental work in the autonomous region drops, the relevant leaders must be demoted. The eight flags in the league implement a "seating system". The flag ranking first in terms of economic development speed and operation quality will be awarded 100,000 yuan, and the second place will be awarded 80,000 yuan. Among them, the flag committee secretary and flag leader can each receive 10,000 yuan. The lowest ranking banner leader will have his salary reduced in the first year and removed from office in the second year. Dalat Banner's economy declined, and the former alliance committee made decisive adjustments. As a result, the flag quickly took on a new look. On the other hand, we strive to cultivate and create an excellent team of entrepreneurs. The city has gradually established a mechanism of "rational communication, high-energy incentives, and rigid constraints." "Rational communication" means understanding, trusting and protecting entrepreneurs. Provide entrepreneurs with political treatment, care and love at work, and provide them with all-round, all-weather services. There is an unwritten rule in Ordos City: the presidents of the three major companies have the right to see the municipal party committee secretary and mayor anytime and anywhere. "High-energy incentives" refer to the implementation of heavy rewards for entrepreneurs who have made contributions to encourage the growth of entrepreneurs. "Rigid constraints" means that entrepreneurs implement a "risk-based employment system". Factory directors and managers cannot take up their posts without paying a deposit, and they will be dismissed on the spot if they have made losses for two consecutive years. This has created a team of outstanding entrepreneurs such as Wang Linxiang and Zhang Shuangwang.