The first is the price:
Ferrari’s:
F430 2.84 million
599GTB 3.76 million
612SCAGLIETTI million
Lamborghini’s:
Gallardo 1.850-2.88 million
Diablo 4.58 million
Murcielago LP460 4.98 million
Pagani:
C12 s 8 million (the problem is discontinued)
Bugatti:
EB Veyron 16.4 about 120 million yuan
Manufacturer:
Ferrari: Ferrari
Lamborghini: Volkswagen
Pagani: Pagani
Bugatti: Volkswagen
History :
Ferrari:
In 1938, Ferrari, who was nearly forty years old, left the racing track and ended his guest-host relationship with Ai Kuai Automobile Factory, working hard to realize his design. The dream of building a timeless supercar. Two years later, Ferrari moved its car factory from its hometown of MODENA to its current location in MARANELLO. With the concept of "humanized" car-making technology, this small Italian car factory has become more and more popular. Playing the role of a giant in the world of racing.
The first car to wear the Ferrari "Red Mane Horse" logo and score points on the track was the Type 166 SPYDER CORSA, which was improved from the Type 125 racing car and was equipped with a 1992 West West in-line The six-cylinder engine that won Italy's Taka in 1948? TARG FLORIO and Miri? The double champion of the MILLE MIGLIA competition, "Ferrari" became famous in one fell swoop, and successively created the "Prancing Horse Legend" that won more than 5,000 races.
The GTO series designed and manufactured by Ferrari in its early days (1962-1964) dominated almost all the racetracks on the earth. As long as the elegant front of the car was aligned with the starting line, it would The opponents in the game only have headaches and discouragement. The 250 GTO (1957) was a good car that was equally outstanding on the road and on the track. Until production stopped in 1985, the GTO car series was always permeated with Ferrari's heroic qualities. Ferrari car series has four-cylinder, six-cylinder and eight-cylinder models, and the V-shaped twelve-cylinder engine model is the most representative of "Ferrari". This powerful engine uses an all-aluminum four valves per cylinder. It exudes a moving silver-white light, which makes people awe-inspiring, and they are naturally intoxicated by the exhaust sound waves that sound like a valet. Ferrari cars use the volume of each cylinder (the number of cylinders) as the code name of the car, which is also a unique trick in the car industry. For example, for early 215, 250, 275 and other car models, you can know the displacement of the engine by multiplying its code number by the number of cylinders. Among all Ferrari models, only the 400iA is equipped with an automatic transmission, and the rest are quite typical manual transmission super sports cars.
In addition, what is particularly worth mentioning is the "Prancing Horse" car emblem that accompanies Ferrari racing cars with moving lines, amazing horsepower and attractive colors to compete in various places. It also has a touching story. The parents of an Italian Air Force hero who died in World War II saw that the invincible Ferrari car was the fortress for their son's heroic spirit, so they begged Ferrari to replace the "Prancing Horse" originally painted on their son's plane. ” logo is embedded in Ferrari cars to fulfill the son’s ambition to patrol the horizon.
Ferrari readily accepted this suggestion and added the national emblem of Italy as "Heaven" on the top of the "Prancing Horse", and then connected "Ferrari" horizontally to form "Earth", and finally He used yellow, the representative color of his hometown of Mundana, to render the whole frame and form a heroic totem of "Between heaven and earth, I am available for employment". Even the two financial crises that occurred in the 1940s and 1960s could not It made Ferrari frown, but his only son Dino died in a racing accident in 1969, which made Ferrari feel sad and depressed for a long time. After learning from the pain, he changed his mind and mass production could be carried out on the road. Driving sports car. All six-cylinder engine models produced in the future will be named DINO to commemorate the beloved son who inherited his father's business and devoted himself to developing a new six-cylinder engine. This eternal sorrow lasted until August 1988. On September 14, Ferrari passed away at the age of 90. He was always in his heart every moment, but it was also condensed into a series of well-known road sports cars such as 260 GT DINO, 246 GT DINO, 250 GTO, and 275 GTS/GTB. , and due to the scarcity of production, they have now become treasures in the car industry.
Although in the 1950s, Ferrari launched famous Formula One cars such as 250, 275, 312, 340 and 375, and later the 365 COUPE GTi (1967), 308 GTB (1967) and so on. 1975) and other powerful cars, but suffered financial difficulties due to small production. Finally, driven by the strong national consciousness of Europe, the Ferrari car factory was transferred from the Ford Group to the Ferrari factory on July 1, 1969. Astra Group has become the group's cutting-edge department dedicated to the development of F1 and supercars.
Since Ferrari and Fiat have always maintained a good interactive relationship, Fiat also provides Ferrari with complete freedom of creative space with the highest respect and trust, and provides huge financial support for the development of new cars; 1. In June 1985, Ferrari proposed the "F40 Project" to the Fiat Group's board of directors. The then 88-year-old Ferrari said straight to the point, "We live in a world full of computers and technology. I try to Let’s turn back the clock and create a simple, good car – a modern sports car with a human touch.” The board of directors approved the entire proposal without any objection.
On June 6, 1986, the spiritual fortress of the Ferrari factory in Maloriano was decorated with lights and streamers, and the 89-year-old Ferrari was on the production line, becoming the world's largest car at the time. The F40 supercar, one of the two fastest mass-produced sports cars (the other is the Porsche 959), held a naming ceremony. The F40, with 480 horsepower and a top speed of 324 kilometers, was a gift from Ferrari employees. A special birthday gift for Joe, F is the abbreviation of "Ferrari", and 40 commemorates the 40th anniversary of the Ferrari factory producing sports cars.
The F40 lived up to expectations. In addition to shining brightly at the International Auto Show that year, it also won the Le Mans Competition, once again demonstrating Ferrari's "high performance, low-volume production" car-making philosophy. After completing the pinnacle of his life, which could even be said to be a masterpiece, the F40 supercar, Ferrari passed away due to illness on August 14, 1988, at the age of ninety.
"Italy's greatest sports car builder and racing driver - Enzo Ferrari (1898-1988)" should be the most appropriate epitaph for this world car legend. Although his earthly life has ended, the red Ferrari sports cars that carry his perseverance and competitive spirit will always be in the hearts of thousands of car fans.
Even people who don’t know anything about cars know that " Ferrari is very expensive!" Ferrari also agrees with this fact. He has been commuting in Fiat 131. Nicki, the famous driver of Ferrari F1 team? NIKI LAUDA (currently Chairman of Austrian LAUDA Airlines) once had the opportunity to talk to Ferrari. Lauda asked him why he didn't drive his own Ferrari? The answer was, "Do you know how expensive it is?".
However, Ferrari later still presented a precious Ferrari GTO to Lauda as a reward for his courage to drive a Ferrari F1 car and win the championship on the track, which also showed another aspect of Ferrari's warmth. .
It would not be an exaggeration to say that Ferrari's death was the beginning of his rebirth. This car legend, who was obsessed with the track and devoted himself to developing racing cars, loved to wear sunglasses, which just reflected the passion he had been immersed in throughout his life. Ferrari, who is mysterious and loves his car like his life, has never gone to the track to visit the Ferrari racing team who are like nephews after he stopped participating in the competition.
Ferrari believed that the sports cars he built were "breathing works of art", so he couldn't bear to see these treasures destroyed by being hit on the track. He also believes that the United States requires imported cars to pass a crash test, "It's barbaric to crash with works of art!" Therefore, expensive Ferrari sports cars like TESTAROSSA are sold to the United States later than Europe. Ferrari has always been tight-lipped about the information related to the sports cars it designs.
Ferrari’s words and deeds were very mysterious. When he was alive, he only opened the factory to journalists who had no understanding of the car-making process. Although he was a racing driver, he never participated in other racing ceremonies. He rarely left the location of the car factory in his life. In the city of Maloriano, life is quite ordinary, which makes people who are eager to know more about his background increasingly confused.
It is precisely because Ferrari has always deliberately adopted a highly mysterious strategy that it has created the charm and appeal of Ferrari sports cars and has become the dream lover of millions of car fans. However, after Ferrari passed away, his adopted son, Piero, who was also the vice president of the Ferrari factory, systematically disclosed various secret files of the Ferrari factory with the theme of "Ferrari IDEA", and displayed nine cars at the same time. Ferrari's classic cars include the 1949 BARCHETTA, which was completely hand-built.
This unprecedented exhibition first opened in Florence, Italy, then traveled to Paris and Munich, and finally ended in New York. The public Ferrari archives are quite rich in content, including very detailed technical drawings and vivid aerodynamic models. The most touching thing is the warning written by Ferrari in the family's exclusive violet ink - one must keep working. Otherwise, there will be thoughts of death.
It is this momentum that allows the sports cars produced by Ferrari to win more than 5,000 races, including nine F1 world championships and fourteen MANUFACTURERs. World championships, two CONSTRUCTOR world championships, nine LEMANS crowns, and more than 85 Formula One championships, such a prosperous record and glorious glory have piled up Ferrari's success in the world. It has a lofty position that dominates the world in the World Automobile Series, and so far no one can surpass it.
What is particularly memorable for Ferrari fans is that after helping Ferrari to resolve its financial crisis, Fiat has always supported this red-maned horse that dominates the track. It gallops freely and gallops at will, naturally. The mature car models continue to win honors and crowns in various competitions. Although Ferrari has passed away for a long time, Fiat still adheres to the rule of "seventeen new cars per day" set by Ferrari at that time. Even if the supply exceeds demand, it will never increase production. Through this kind of friendship, it maintains the "seventeen new cars per day" rule set by Ferrari. The car-building philosophy of "Balance of Technology and Art" also allows this red-maned horse that dominates the track to depict a touching legend in the minds of fans, that is - Ferrari forever.
Lamborghini:
Lamborghini’s logo is a bullfight full of power and attacking the opponent. This is consistent with the characteristics of Lamborghini’s high-horsepower high-speed sports car. It is said that this logo also reflects The founder Lamborghini has a bull-fighting temperament that refuses to be outdone. Ferruccio Lamborghini, the founder of the Lamborghini S. p. A. automobile factory, and Lamborghini's early production of sports cars and tractors. Ferruccio Lamborghini has the unique Italian pride and ambition in his bones, which inspired him to start from scratch from an ordinary farmer's son and continue to struggle until he became a respected industry leader. With an uncompromising drive and almost crazy enthusiasm, this northern Italian tirelessly pursues his dream of creating the perfect sports car.
Since then, the stubborn "Bull" logo has become the symbol of Lamborghini, interpreting all the characteristics of this unique car brand - challenging the limits, being arrogant and uninhibited.
The aggressive dynamism, the unremitting heroic momentum, the Italian style of passion and unrestrainedness—these are the perfect words to describe the extraordinary Lamborghini brand. In 1998, Germany's Audi Automobile AG acquired this famous Italian sports car manufacturer. In order to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the founding of the brand, the "Audi History and Culture" department, which is responsible for classic cars in Audi's century-old history. In order to commemorate Ferruccio Lamborghini's lifelong efforts and the legendary history of this luxury car manufacturer, the "Audi History and Culture" department specially The "'Running Bull' Logo Accompanying Lamborghini for Forty Years" exhibition was held at the Audi Automobile Museum in Ingolstadt, the Audi headquarters.
This top sports car brand acquired by Audi in 1998 not only has the same brand spirit as Audi, but also continues to make progress in technology and pursue passion and dynamism; their founder also has Striking similarities. Audi's Horch and Ferruccio Lamborghini were both avid automotive visionaries who had been rejected by big brands and undaunted to create their own successful brands.
Ferruccio Lamborghini built a reputation for his brand by manufacturing a series of tractors, oil burners and air conditioning systems in post-war Italy, and was founded in Sant 'Agata, Italy in 1963 own car factory. It is said that one time Lamborghini, a sports car fan, planned to meet with Enzo Ferrari to make some suggestions for improving its products. Ferrari, however, had no intention of listening to a tractor manufacturer. Although it has not been verified, this anecdote has always been circulated in the circle. Whatever the truth, the first Lamborghini sports car - the Lamborghini 350 GTV - was launched a year later, marking the beginning of an amazing road to success. No one could have imagined that some of the world's biggest celebrities would compete to buy Lamborghinis in the future, including Frank Sinatra and Paul McCartney. All chronicles of the most successful sports cars of all times include Lamborghini's two famous sports cars, the "Countach" and the "Miura".
After a series of ups and downs, Ferruccio Lamborghini finally retired from the company in 1972. Lamborghini (both as a person and as a company) has never lacked imagination, but it has always lacked solid financial support. In fact, Lamborghini went bankrupt in 1980 and the Italian businessmen Milam brothers bought the company. Later, Lamborghini also changed hands several times, including Chrysler Automobile Company. But they show no real love or concern for Lamborghini. Lamborghini and Audi actually have a long history, having previously collaborated on aluminum chassis construction. This relationship finally became a marriage in 1998, when Lamborghini joined the Volkswagen Group. With funding from Audi, Lamborghini has its own management team to operate. Under Audi's management, the factory launched the Murciélago concept car and the Gallardo in 2003.
This fusion of cultures (an exotic carmaker and a global car manufacturing giant, a group of passionate Italians and a group of proud Germans) is not easy. The result is a completely revamped and revitalized Lamborghini. Audi is able and able to provide substantial technical support, while the financial support of the Volkswagen Group also allows Lamborghini to pursue new product development, which was not possible before.
The proof of the renaissance is clear: after all these years, Lamborghini has introduced two completely new models at once, its factory facilities have been expanded and updated, and it recently built a new design institute. Additionally, the Lamborghini Museum has begun opening its doors. If you go to Modina, you must visit the Lamborghini Museum.
The museum specialists from the "Audi History and Culture" department have used new methods to highlight the theme of the exhibition. It focuses on the launch of the current Murciélago and Gallardo sports cars and their impact on Lamborghini's present and future. The screening is divided into four themes: including background information on founder Ferruccio Lamborghini; his performance during his tenure; interspersed with new chapters from the early 1970s until the acquisition by Audi in 1998. The entire content closely revolves around the theme of this very commemorative exhibition - "The 'Running Bull' logo has accompanied Lamborghini for 40 years."
Lamborghini Gallardo
The Lamborghini Gallardo will redefine the compact sports car market to which it belongs as a high-performance sports car and a car that meets daily needs. Gallardo combines the characteristics of a super sports car and daily use, but it is not easy to satisfy these two contradictory characteristics. Lamborghini engineers made it as comfortable as possible without compromising any of the sporty essence of Lamborghini sports cars.
The engine, drivetrain, spaceframe frame and body, suspension, brakes and electronics were all chosen to meet this goal, and the result is a compact (4.3m long) The 2-seater super sports car has a top speed of over 300 kilometers per hour, which can satisfy the driver's driving needs on the track and long-distance highways.
Gallardo was designed starting in 2000. According to the design plan of Italdesign-Giugiaro, Lamborghini's own designers combined these parameters to improve the final Gallardo in accordance with the company's own design style. The Gallardo's size coupled with its highly competitive performance ensures its ultra-sporty stance, while its long wheelbase and short overhangs also destined it to have a very dynamic appearance.
Completely implement the principle of consistency between functionality and style from the beginning to avoid the contradiction that some excellent designs have no practical functions, or some functional parts do not have a good appearance.
Lamborghini Gallardo uses a V10 DOHC 4-valve V90 engine, 5 liters, maximum 500 horsepower, and 510 N of torque. Instead of the traditional V72 engine, the 90-degree angle design is more conducive to limiting the height of the engine and facilitating the design of the entire vehicle. For example, a lower hood or a better rear view can be designed. And the center of gravity is lowered, resulting in better vehicle dynamic characteristics. The dry sump lubrication system can not only meet the lubrication requirements under extreme conditions, but also further lower the center of gravity.
Torque output is optimized throughout the entire speed range. To achieve this, charging efficiency is enhanced at different speeds, thanks to precise aerodynamic effects in the intake and exhaust systems. These effects are managed by a variable geometry intake manifold as well as a continuously variable valve timing system.
In this way, the maximum torque of 510 N/m explodes at 4500 rpm, the engine can get a maximum torque of 80 at 1500 rpm, and the maximum horsepower is at 7800 rpm. time to arrive.
The main feature of the transmission system is a permanent four-wheel drive system, based on Lamborghini's mature viscous traction system. Such a system can distribute the traction force at a constant speed on the road surface with the same adhesion force as 30% in the front and 70% in the rear. It is completely self-adjusting and does not require the intervention of electronic control. When accelerating on high-adhesion ground, the traction force tends to be more toward the rear axle, which is about 80. And if the rear axle has less adhesion, more traction will immediately be biased towards the front axle.
The fully automatic continuous transmission system, Lamborghini e-gear is used in new models, and the basic mechanical principles of the gearbox have not changed.
The main features of this system, which can be used as optional functions, include: - Electronic control, reaching the engine control system and ESP system through the CAN bus - Direct switching to F1-style paddle-type semi-automatic gear shifting on the steering column - Possibility to choose different operations Mode: Normal, Sport, Automatic, Low Grip - Fast and smooth shifting, equivalent to those of very good drivers operating a standard gearbox
The rear axle differential features a friction type 45 limiter Slip differential, the front limited-slip differential is controlled by the ABD (automatic braking differential) function of the ESP system.
The clutch diameter is reduced to a two-plate clutch. This is a reasonable result obtained by Gallardo engineers after constant practical risks during development. It is to keep the engine as low as possible, with the purpose of lowering the center.
Lamborghini engineers used Audi's all-aluminum body technology, and Audi is a leader in this field. The final solution was an aluminum space frame with aluminum extrusions welded to an aluminum cast-welded base frame. The resulting frame, surface aluminum body parts are joined together by a variety of methods depending on their respective functions, including riveting, bolting and welding. Other external parts, such as the bumper, are made of thermoplastic and bolted together.
According to Lamborghini's practice, it is natural to use front and rear double wishbone suspension systems to match this Gallardo supercar. The result is a more perfect control feeling as well as high-speed stability and comfort performance.
Perelli Pzero tires (front 235/35 ZR19, rear 295/30 ZR19) ensure excellent adhesion in various road conditions. By next fall, winter tires of the same size will also be available for users to choose from. The 19-inch wheels can be matched with large-diameter brake discs (365mm front, 335 rear), plus Brembo 8-piston front calipers and 4-piston rear calipers. This braking system cooperates with the advanced ABS/ESP system to ensure a better braking effect.
The high-horsepower engine and torque give the Gallardo outstanding acceleration performance, with a top speed of 309 km/h. The body still has good stability and controllability when reaching top speed.
Of course, in addition to the most suitable suspension adjustment, the outstanding aerodynamic characteristics also ensure the car's excellent stability. The performance is not only to reduce the drag coefficient, but more importantly, to control the front and rear rising coefficient. This effect is ensured by some very precise body parts, such as the front lip, the straight bottom, and the rear spoiler that is electronically controlled at specific speeds.
Lamborghini Murcielago 6.2 MT 4.38 million-4.38 million
Engine: V12 Displacement: 6.2 Horsepower: 579 Transmission: 6MT
Lamborghini Murcielago E-Grar 6.2 AT 4.28 million-4.28 million Engine: V12 Displacement: 6.2 Horsepower: 579 Transmission: 6AT
Lamborghini Gallardo 5.0 MT 3.38 million-3.38 million
Engine: V10 Displacement: 5.0 Horsepower: 500 Transmission: 6MT
As for where to buy it, I only know that it is in Oriental Xintiandi, Beijing, on the side next to Chang'an Street, next to the AUDI and Rolls-Royce showrooms.
If you go from Dongdan, it should not be far away. First there is the AUDI showroom, then the Rolls-Royce showroom, and the next one seems to be the Lamborghini showroom.
Pagani:
In 1982, the 26-year-old Argentine F3 racing car designer Horacio Pagani was still unknown. But he accepted the advice of Juan Manuel Fangio, the 5-time F1 world champion: “If you want to build the most beautiful car in the world, you have no other choice, you must go to Modena, Italy to realize your dream.
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After listening to this suggestion, Pagani went straight to the super sports car company Lamborghini on the outskirts of Modena. He started as an assembly worker. Later, he not only participated in the design of Lamborghini’s famous Diablo sports car, but was also the first to point out that carbon fiber will be the future of car manufacturing. The most important material in technology. In less than 10 years, he established his own Modena design studio, and with Fangio's help, he successfully obtained AMG's top engine. Originally, this car was going to be called Pagani. Fangio, unfortunately, the car god Fangio passed away before the car came out. Pagani couldn't bear to use the name of his predecessor. When it was officially launched in 1999, it took the meaning of "wind of the Andes" and called it zonda.
In the global sports car market, Pagani may not be as popular as Ferrari, but they have one thing in common, that is, the two car manufacturers are both located in Pagani, the hometown of Italian supercars. Unlike some short-lived sports car manufacturers, it has strong financial resources and the quality of its hand-built super sports cars is comparable to Ferrari
Bugatti:
Bugatti (BUGATTI) cars. It is one of the most preserved classic cars. Models under the Bugatti brand can be seen in many famous car museums around the world. They have high performance, novel and smooth body shapes, and unique engine configurations.
The Bugatti logo is composed of the first letter "EB" of the name of Ettore Bugatti, the founder of Bugatti Automobiles. Ettore Bugatti was born in Milan, Italy in 1881. His father was a painter and a famous painter. Furniture designer. Ettore Bugatti studied at an art school since he was a child. He was particularly fond of driving cars and started working in racing activities at the age of 18. Learned the design and manufacture of three-wheeled cars and won the automobile championship that year.
In 1909, he built a factory in Molsheim, Alsace, while designing the "Peugeot Peugeot". Bei" small car, while manufacturing the T10 car equipped with an in-line four-cylinder engine with a displacement of 1208ml. In 1914, the T17 car was developed, which was equipped with a horseshoe-shaped radiator grille and wire-spoke wheels. The vehicle speed was 110km/h. h.
During World War I, Ettore Bugatti designed and manufactured an in-line eight-cylinder with a power of 410HP for the Dusenberg Motor Company in the United States. After the First World War, the T22 and T22 racing cars equipped with small four-cylinder 16-valve engines (the founder of the four-valve mechanism) were developed starting from 1920. T23 model, and won the French Le Mans 24 Hours Car Competition and the Brescia Car Race.
In 1922, Bugatti developed the T30 racing car equipped with an inline eight-cylinder engine. The T35 model in 1925 (after the T30 racing car) was active on the European racing circuits with its high performance and excellent body shape, especially the T35B equipped with a Roots-type booster.
The top speed of the compressor can reach 210km/h, so it is sold well in countries around the world and still has a large number of copies in stock today. Starting with the T38 car in 1927, it began to produce convertible top sports cars and two-seater racing cars. The T41 car in 1933 was called Lovayard's luxury large-scale tourist car. The engine was an in-line eight-cylinder, with a displacement of up to 14,700ml, a speed of 180km/h, and a large body weight of 3,000kg. Six vehicles were produced and are still in existence today.
In 1937, Ettore Bugatti’s son Jean Bugatti (1909-1939) participated in the design work
With refined windows and novel and unique The body is the main feature and it has become the pride of the car industry. Unfortunately, Jean Bugatti died in a traffic accident in 1939.
In the world economic recession, the Ettore Bugatti factory is having difficulty operating. At the beginning of World War II, the German army occupied the Ettore Bugatti factory in France. But Bugatti himself did not succumb to the intimidation of the invaders and insisted on Italian nationality, and was thus persecuted. A generation of famous car designers who dominated the car industry for nearly half a century passed away quietly in 1947, and the Bugatti company also ceased production. However, he has always been admired by future generations, and most of his Bugatti cars have become collections of the Mulhouse Museum in France. Bugatti cars can still be seen driving on German roads.
BUGATTI, a French sports car brand with a history of more than 100 years, has experienced ups and downs in the past century. Since the termination of operations in 1947 due to the death of the founder Ettore
Bugatti, the time-honored French brand BUGATTI was once popular among Italian Romano, a fanatical car fan and industrialist in the early 1990s
Artioli was resurrected through hard work and launched a popular supercar-level production car like the EB110. Unfortunately, BUGATTI, which was finally revived, declared bankruptcy in 1995 due to the company's financial difficulties, leaving only 139 EB110s in mass production and the stillborn EB112 concept car.
In 1998, VAG, a German automobile giant, bought the trademark rights of BUGATTI and officially incorporated BUGATTI into the VAG Group, under the jurisdiction of VW itself (another supercar under VAG) The brand LAMBORGHINI is under the jurisdiction of AUDI). After being taken over by VAG, BUGATTI has almost never been absent from major international auto shows. It has launched several concept cars in succession, but there has been no action in mass production. Therefore, the EB16-4 Veyron prototype revealed at the Geneva Motor Show before mass production can be said to be the first mass-produced car to bear the BUGATTI oval red factory emblem since the EB110. , is also BUGATTI’s official first work after its second resurrection!