Frank Gehry

Frank Owen Gehry was born into a Jewish family in Toronto, Canada on February 28, 1929. He immigrated to California, the United States after the age of 17 and became a famous contemporary Deconstructivist architect known for designing buildings with strange, irregular curves and sculptural appearances. He is now a naturalized American citizen and lives in Los Angeles. He is a famous professor of architecture at Columbia University in New York. Gehry's design style originated from late modernism. The most famous building is the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (Museo Guggenheim Bilbao) with a titanium roof in Bilbao, Spain.

Chinese name: Frank Gehry

Foreign name: Frank Gehry

Nationality: Canadian

Birthplace: Toronto, Canada

Date of birth: February 28, 1929

Occupation: Architect

Graduation institution: University of Southern California

Main achievements: Universal Rizk Architecture Prize

Wolf Architecture Art Prize

Representative works: Walt Disney Concert Hall, Guggenheim Museum of Art, Euro Disney Entertainment Center

Biography

Frank Owen Gehry was born on February 28, 1929, in a Jewish family in Toronto, Canada.

After the age of 17, he immigrated to California, United States, and became a famous contemporary deconstructivist architect. He is famous for designing buildings with strange irregular curves and sculpture-like appearances. He is a naturalized American and lives in Los Angeles. He is a famous architecture professor at Columbia University in New York. Gehry's design style originated from late modernism. The most famous building is Bilbao in Spain. City, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (MuseoGuggenheimBilbao) with a titanium roof.

Frank Gehry was born in Toronto, Canada in 1929. He later moved to California and received a master's degree in architecture from the University of Southern California. After graduation, he worked in urban planning at Harvard University.

Before establishing his own company, Frank O. Gehry and Associates, Inc., in 1962, he worked with Victor Gruen (1953-1954) and Pereira & Luckman (1957-1958) in Los Angeles, and Andre Re in Paris. -Mondet and other architect apprenticeships. He served as an assistant professor at the University of Southern California (1972-1973) and the University of California, Los Angeles (1988-1989), and as a visiting critic at Harvard University (1983), Rice University (1976), and the University of California (1977-1979). . In 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988 and 1989, he held the position of Charlotte Davenport Professor of Architecture at Yale University. In 1984, he served as the Eliot Noyes Lecturer at Harvard University. In October 1986, the Walker Art Center hosted an important retrospective exhibition of his works. The exhibition traveled from Minneapolis to Atlanta, Houston, Toronto and Los Angeles, and ended at the American Art Museum in New York. Whitney Museum. In 1974, he was elected an Academy Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). He became a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1987 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1991. In 1989 he received the Pritzker Architecture Prize and in the same year was nominated to the Board of Directors of the American Institute of Architecture in Rome. In 1992, he received the Wolf Prize for Architecture and was nominated for the 1992 Architecture Award, the highest honor in architecture, awarded by the Japan Art Association.

In 1994, he became the first recipient of the Lillian Gish Award for lifetime contribution to the arts. In the same year, he was awarded the title of academician by the National Academy of Design. He received honorary doctorates from California Institute of the Arts, NovaScotia Technical University, Rhode Island School of Design, California Institute of the Arts, and Otis School of the Arts, Parsons School of Design. He is also the recipient of the Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Award in Architecture from the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

Design Style

Frank Gehry was inspired by the culture of the University of Southern California but lacked idealized forms. Gehry drew extensively on abstract fragments from the art world and urban environments. Scattered additions in other aspects. Gehry's works are quite unique and very personal. Most of his works contain very little social and ideological elements. He often uses polygonal planes, tilted structures, inverted forms, and a variety of material forms to apply visual effects to his patterns. Gehry uses fractured geometries to break away from conventional conventions; for him, rupture means exploring an unclear social order.

In many instances, Gehry separated form from function, establishing not a monolithic architectural structure but a successful idea and abstract urban institution. In many ways, he treated his architectural work like a sculpture, a three-dimensional structural diagram that took on multiple forms through concentrated treatment. Art was often a source of inspiration for Gehry, and his interest in art can be seen in his architectural works. At the same time, art enabled him to use open architectural structures for the first time, making it feel like an invisible change rather than a deliberate one. Gehry's buildings are often surreal, abstract, and occasionally disorienting, and their messages are often misunderstood. Despite this, the buildings designed by Gehry still present a unique, noble and mysterious atmosphere.

Gehry seems to be out of tune with American cities. He uses a variety of materials and architectural forms, and integrates humor, mystery, and dreams into his architectural system. He once said: "I like this kind of beauty that is invisible during the construction process, and this beauty is often lost in the technical manufacturing process." In his early work, Gehry boldly used open spaces and various raw materials. and building in an informal way. Gehry's buildings also contain ordinary processes, including life in progress, life in evolution, life in growth, etc.

Introduction to the work

Gehry’s works are quite unique and highly individual. Most of his works are rarely mixed with socialization and ideology. He often uses polygonal planes, tilted structures, inverted forms, and a variety of material forms to apply visual effects to his patterns. In many cases, he treats architectural work like sculpture, a three-dimensional structural drawing that takes on multiple forms through concentrated processing.

Gehry seems to be out of tune with American cities. He uses a variety of materials and architectural forms, and incorporates elements such as humor, mystery, and dreams into his architectural system. In his early work, Gehry boldly used open spaces, a variety of raw materials, and informal forms to build buildings.

Gehry's design range is quite wide, including shopping malls, residences, parks, museums, banks, restaurants, plywood furniture and curved chairs, etc., and plywood chairs are quite popular in the market, so comments Celebrities criticized him for acting haphazardly in the name of art, but Gehry did not stop his creation because of this. The materials he used ranged from wood that was accepted by the public to unexpected metal wire. Although his works are very different from other works, and are more or less related in certain categories, in comparison with traditional urban functions, forms, spaces and overall appearance, Gai Li's works have a sense of superiority. He created a unique style and opened a new chapter in architectural form.

Gehry found a resonance between architecture and art, the obvious and the vague, the natural and the artificial, the new and the old, the dark and the transparent, the blocked and the empty, etc. This is Gehry and other buildings The clearest contrast in his works, so Gehry is known as the "Picasso of architecture".

Deeply influenced by the urban cultural characteristics of Los Angeles and local radical artists, Gehry's early architecture explored the use of cheap materials such as wire mesh, corrugated panels, and rough-processed metal sheets in construction, and adopted collage techniques. , hybridity, juxtaposition, dislocation, blurred boundaries, decentralization, non-hierarchy, non-dimensionality and other means to challenge people's established architectural values ??and bound imagination. His works continue to cause uproar in the architectural world. Those who love them praise them as geniuses, and those who hate them destroy them as garbage. Gehry's creativity is surging and unstoppable as always. Finally, more and more people tolerate and understand Gehry, and increasingly realize the value of Gehry's creations to the world.

Main Works

Walt Disney Concert Hall

Guggenheim Museum of Art

Chiat/Day/Mojo Corporate Headquarters

EMR Communications and Technology Center Vitra Corporate Headquarters

Norton House

Euro Disney Entertainment Center

Santa Monica Home

Vitra Furniture Museum

University of Cincinnati Molecular Research Center

New Customs House

Indiana Street Residence

Weiss Mann Museum

University of Iowa Laboratory Building

Holland International Office Building

American Center in Paris

Visual Arts University of Toledo Center

CONDENAST Café Berlin DG Bank

Edgemar Mall

Loyola Law School

Anahan Community Skating Center

Boston Children's Museum

Maggie Cancer Center

Netherlands Building in Prague

Dancing House (Netherlands Life Insurance Company Building)

Louis Vuitton Foundation

Appreciation of Masterpieces

Architectural Works

Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

Location: Spain

Design: Frank Gehry The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao was officially opened in 1997. It is the entire city of the industrial city of Bilbao. part of the update plan. It initially cost US$100 million to build. The entire structure was gradually designed by California architect Frank O. Gehry with the help of a set of computer software used in v-aerodynamics. The museum’s use of glass, steel and limestone, with parts clad in titanium, echoes the city’s long tradition of shipbuilding. The total area of ??the museum is 24,000 square meters, and the exhibition space is 11,000 square meters. It is divided into 19 exhibition halls, one of which is one of the largest art galleries in the world, with an area of ??130 square meters. Feet times 30 meters square. This cultural attraction has attracted many people to Bilbao, and the number of visitors per year has increased from 260,000 to 1 million. The museum revitalized the local economy (the net value of industrial production in the Basque Country increased more than fivefold as a result) and gave new life to the price-to-earnings ratio. In 1997, a ground-breaking architectural masterpiece was born in Bilbao, a medium-sized city in Spain. It immediately attracted worldwide attention with its beautiful shape, unique structure and brand-new materials. The newspaper exclaimed it as "a miracle" and called it "a miracle". It is "the most meaningful and beautiful museum in the world." It is the Guggenheim Museum of Art.

In 1991, the city government of Bilbao, a city in northern Spain, and the Guggenheim Foundation jointly made a decision that had a profound impact on the future development of the city: inviting American architect Frank ·Gehry is designing the architecture for the city's upcoming Guggenheim Museum.

Luggage works

When Frank Gehry designed this Monogram canvas handbag for Louis Vuitton's "Tribute to Monogram" project, he imagined a soft material placed on one side. The irregular shape of the handbag is given the material of a hard box, and this state is perfectly recorded with the concept of sculpture.

The exquisite TwistedBox handbag has become the most technically challenging work in the entire "Tribute to Monogram" series. It perfectly combines the iconic rigid lines and elegant curves of the Louis Vuitton hard case, making people unable to put it down. Press the golden brass spring hook to reveal a delicate blue lambskin lining, embossed with Frank Gehry's hand-painted Monogram pattern.

Jewelry works

Frank Gehry was born in Toronto, Canada and is a famous architectural designer. This is a series of jewelry he designed for Tiffany. He used a series of unusual materials, such as black gold, pernambuco wood, cocholong stone, etc., together with other materials such as pure silver, diamonds, and gemstones to create the six themes of this series. The creativity comes from structural elements and childhood memories. , Renaissance masters and contemporary painters.

Character Anecdotes

Another "Frank"

Americans like to call Frank Gehry "another Frank" because there is a tripod in front of him The famous Frank Lloyd Wright. Gehry doesn't like to be constantly compared with Wright. He always emphasizes that he is not Wright's type of person, but he has become a household name. Except for another Frank, this century No other architect since has succeeded. Because he is a celebrity, Gehry also started a lecture tour. This lecture was to promote his new book called "Gehry Talks about Architecture and Process".

Warm wine

Frank Gehry’s real reputation comes from Bilbao. After the Guggenheim Museum of Art was built, the architectural and art circles had mixed opinions on the alien-like museum he designed and built here. The popular culture circles also had clearly different attitudes. Some TV celebrities clearly expressed this So disgusted with it that some big-name singers are willing to choose the grass in front of its courtyard to dance, while tourists and architecture enthusiasts are completely fascinated by it. Regardless, after Bilbao, Gehry became famous for his wild, sculptural forms in architecture, capturing the hearts of countless people in Washington, New York, Boston, and even Spain. In order to get him to start a small winery, the mayor of Basque Spain also used a heart-warming trick and gave him a bottle of 1929 wine. Don't forget that he was born in 1929. So he started doing this job.

The Rock and Roll Museum in Seattle

When you become a star, you always have tricks. This trick Gehry played again is the design for the Rock and Roll Museum in Seattle. The museum was commissioned by Paul Allen, one of Micro's founders. When a reporter from "Newsweek" asked him what kind of museum he would build, Gehry said: "Alan is a very nice person. I asked him what he wanted? He said he wanted a 'handsome boy', very funny. "Gary seemed confused, so he took Alan to his office and asked him to point out which one of the various models was considered handsome, and he chose it. The DG Bank in Berlin, together with the conference center nicknamed "Horse Head", is also one of Gehry's masterpieces. That's when Gehry started designing.

Biography

Original title: Conversations with Frank Gehry

Author: Barbara Eisenberg

Translator: Su Fengya

Publisher: CITIC Press

Publishing year: 2013-4-1

Number of pages: 340

Price: 98.00 yuan

Introduction

He is a truck driver during the day and studies architecture at night school; he changed his name to gehry because of the formal sense of the letter arrangement;

He is in the United States He began his design career in the Army Corps, designing the slogans in military restrooms to look like decorative manuscripts in Catholic churches;

His work was called "thatpiece ofshit!" to his face;

He He has designed a dog house, but buyers complained that the progress was too slow;

His design plan attracted the participation of the President of Japan and the United States in discussions;

He was also featured in "The Simpsons" 》Joking about architects who look for inspiration in trash cans

He is Frank Gehry, the most innovative and influential architect of our time. He is the contemporary master with the most landmark buildings and has received numerous recognitions including the Pritzker Prize, the highest honor in the architecture world. He is unruly and outspoken. His misunderstandings are almost as fierce as his admiration. He always sticks to himself in the face of suppressing voices around him. Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, "Dancing House" in Prague, and Tiffany's jewelry. He only responds to doubts with continuous creation, boldly explores, and refuses self-plagiarism and self-limitation. His works Just like the life story he tells in the book, it will always exceed your imagination.

This book is an interview biography of architect Frank Gehry. In the book, Gehry candidly shares with readers his life experience of more than eighty years, his childhood experiences, his growth as an architect This is not only a book about architecture and The architect's book is also a record of a life that breaks through difficulties in accumulation and precipitation.

About the author

Barbara Isenberg is good at writing articles about artists and artistic works, and has also given some related lectures. A former reporter for the Wall Street Journal and the Los Angeles Times, she has appeared in Esquire, Time, Talk, The Nations, and Ms. He has published articles in magazines and written for the Sunday Times in London. At the same time, she also won the "Outstanding Art Award" issued by the Los Angeles Music Center. Since 1980, she has visited Frank Gehry many times and documented his architectural design trajectory in newspapers, magazines and books.

Table of Contents

Recommended Preface

Foreword

Designing a Dream House

Chapter One: The Road to Learning

Getting Started—From Toronto to Los Angeles

Private Gehry’s Military Life

Going Forward—Becoming a Harvard Man

Artworks should have toilets ? ——Gehry’s encounter with artists

Chapter 2: The Road to Innovation: Gehry’s Famous Overseas

The Temple on the Mississippi River—Inspiration, Art and Exhibition Space

Finally, becoming a local hero - the twists and turns and success of Disney Concert Hall

The Bilbao Effect

Chapter 3 Steady Expansion

Work Profile

Join hands with geniuses to create innovation - MIT Stata Center

Leap to the big screen and Tiffany showcase

Bi-coastal: Atlantic Academy and Grand Via

Gehry Builds a Dog House

Returning Home

Late Years

Acknowledgments

Media Comment

If we cut open Frank Gehry’s architectural works, we can clearly see that behind the passionate and dynamic art form, there is also a logical and rigorous modern functionalism hidden behind it. clue. The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao is a vivid example. Behind the composite curved surface, a combination of multiple rectangular boxes of different scales realizes the basic pursuit of the "white cube" spatial characteristics of traditional art museums.

The individual and artistic form and the logic of modern functionalism are like the two intertwined curves of Frank Gehry’s DNA in his architectural life, clearly outlining the trajectory of his architectural life. Architectural critics are often obsessed with the bohemian sculptural forms of Frank Gehry's buildings and his personality and style as a personal artist, but often ignore his sincere believer in modernism, which instinctively reflects that he is also a modern functionalist architect. Master, this instinct is like DNA, deeply rooted in his architectural life, originating from the era in which he grew up and received education.

There is no doubt that Frank Gehry is not an artist, because to this day, no artist has the opportunity and ability to control urban sculptures of such a large scale, but he is not a critic either. He is a pure architect in the eyes of architects because he has always subjectively believed: "Architecture is nothing but art." It is difficult for us to use today's architectural system to define his architecture, because he has no theory of his own and has never He rarely writes books and teaches. But in my opinion, Frank Gehry is the greatest architect of our time, an architect as an artist, because he left for this era a talking architecture, an architectural myth full of emotion and artistic taste. .

——The famous architect Zhu Pei

Character evaluation

To some extent, the form that Gehry mastered has vividly destroyed the country. overall popular form. Although his works are very different from other works, they are more or less related in certain categories. However, when compared with traditional urban functions, forms, spaces and overall shapes, Gehry's works are quite superior. He created a unique style and opened a new chapter in architectural form. Gehry found a resonance between architecture and art, which also shows that the public also desires to integrate art into architecture, both of which are equally unpredictable and full of surprise. This synthesis is mainly reflected in the obvious and vague, natural and artificial, new and old, dark and transparent, blocked and empty, etc. This is the clearest contrast between Gehry and other architectural works. Therefore, Gehry is known as "the architectural world". 's Picasso".