Question 1: How does an enterprise determine the scope of suppliers it needs? What factors need to be considered when selecting a supplier?

When an enterprise chooses a supplier, it first needs to conduct a review of the products provided by the suppliers on the market. choose. Since there is not only one material that meets certain product functional requirements, there are many alternatives. Therefore, in the comparison of many alternatives, based on the functional cost analysis, it is certain to obtain a material that can meet the functional requirements and meet the cost requirements. Smaller scheme.

We use value engineering analysis methods to select materials, and then select suppliers who can provide materials that suit our product needs, so that we can find suppliers that truly suit our business needs. At the same time, it can avoid purchasing materials with excessive functions and paying extra prices for unnecessary functions. Of course, other factors must be considered when choosing a supplier, such as product quality, supply capacity, price, delivery time, reputation, supplier strength, after-sales service, etc. Make sure to choose suppliers that truly suit your needs, establish a relatively stable supply and demand relationship, and ensure the maximization of corporate interests.

(1) Product quality

The quality of the raw materials provided by the supplier and its corresponding technical level are important factors for the purchaser's selection. As a raw material supplier, you must have good and stable goods production processes and standards, and configure a quality control system to ensure its continuity.

(2) Supply capability (output, transportation)

Supply capability, that is, the potential supplier’s equipment and production capabilities, technical strength, management and organizational capabilities, and operational control (such as , textile and clothing quotas held by suppliers, etc.). These factors are designed to consider the supplier's ability to provide the quality and quantity of required supplies and the supplier's ability to provide related services continuously and stably.

(3) Corporate reputation and historical performance

Reputation is the image that a supplier displays when performing business. Including the goods themselves, business style, management level, reputation, etc., you should choose a satisfactory supplier to lay a solid foundation to ensure the completion of the procurement task.

(4) Quality Assurance and Compensation Policy

When raw materials are inspected, it is often difficult to find problems due to unscientific sampling or problems with inspection techniques and methods. During the production process, if serious problems with raw materials are discovered, products will often be returned and compensation demanded. At this point, you need to consider the other party’s quality assurance strategy and compensation policy.

(5) Product price

The price of raw materials will affect the cost of the final product and is the main factor in selecting suppliers, but it is not the most important factor. Taken together, quality, reliability and related costs are more important. One of the purposes of procurement is to obtain satisfaction at an appropriate cost, but the price is not necessarily the lower the better.

(6) Technical strength

The technical strength of raw material suppliers is also a factor to be considered, especially for those large and medium-sized textile and garment manufacturing companies. If raw material suppliers can update product technology and develop and apply new technologies, the purchaser will also benefit greatly. At the same time, priority should be given to those suppliers who are willing and able to respond to changes in demand and accept design changes.

(7) Financial status

Generally speaking, the funds for purchasing raw materials are relatively large, and they are not cash on delivery. If the supplier has financial problems, it is likely to require early payment or stop production. This is detrimental to long-term purchasing.

(8) Supplier’s internal organization and management

Supplier’s internal organization and management are related to the supplier’s service quality in the future. If the supplier's internal organizational structure is chaotic, it will directly affect the efficiency and quality of procurement. It may even affect whether supply activities can be completed in a timely and high-quality due to conflicts between supplier departments. In addition, whether the supplier's senior executives regard the purchasing unit as a major customer is also an important factor affecting the quality of supply. Otherwise, when facing some emergencies, they will not be able to obtain priority processing opportunities.

(9) Supplier’s geographical location

Geographical location is a direct factor that constitutes procurement costs.

The location of the supplier has an impact on delivery time, transportation costs, response time for urgent orders and expedited services, etc. In addition, from the perspective of supply chain and zero inventory, under the same conditions, efforts should be made to choose suppliers that are closer to each other.

(10) After-sales service

After-sales service is the continuation of procurement work and an important aspect to ensure the continuity of procurement. General after-sales services include the provision of parts, technical consultation, maintenance and repairs, technical lectures, training, etc. If the after-sales service is just a formality, then the selected supplier can only cooperate and collaborate for a short period of time and cannot become a strategic partnership. . ...>>

Question 2: How to select and manage suppliers. Supplier selection and incentives are two important components of procurement management. The principle of "fair competition" should be followed during procurement. Provide equal opportunities to all qualified suppliers who can meet the requirements. On the one hand, it can expand the scope of enterprise supplier selection and attract more manufacturers to participate in the development of the enterprise. It also provides more room for selection for the R&D department. On the other hand, On the one hand, it can also control procurement costs, improve the quality of purchased products, and optimize product cycles. (See the article on the official website of Zhenghang Software for details)

Question 3: How should companies analyze suppliers? heangfeng.blogchina/227326

① Whether the supplier can produce the required products. Generally speaking, the supplier must have the ability to design and produce the required products. Otherwise, it is somewhat risky for the supplier to organize the supply of goods;

② Whether the supplier has its own manufacturing company. Suppliers having their own factories are conducive to ensuring product deadlines, replenishment, small batch production, etc.

③ Suppliers should have their own design, technology and service teams. Because business attire is a customized model, it requires very strong real-time product development capabilities. Quite a few clothing companies rely on foreign aid for their technical development. If they do not have real-time product development capabilities, after receiving an order, they need to find technical foreign aid. There are significant risks in product development and services.

④ The supplier should preferably be a professional enterprise in professional attire. Enterprises specializing in business attire are both professional in terms of marketing model and production organization model. They have more advantages than ready-made garment enterprises in customizing business attire and are more certain of successful operations.

⑤ The supplier should preferably be a local enterprise or have a local service organization. In this way, it is conducive to the development of pre-sales and after-sales services, especially after-sales services.

⑥ Choose a brand that suits you. Even among professional attire companies, the positioning of each company is different. Some brands are positioned at the high end, some are positioned at the mid-range, and some are positioned at the low end. Choose the right supplier based on your product and budget. Either high or low may not be appropriate.

Question 4: How to choose the best supplier. Southern Trading Network will answer your question:

Hello!

1. Select excellent suppliers

1. Suppliers can supply materials smoothly: so that production will not stop due to waiting for materials.

2. Stability of incoming material quality: ensuring the stability of the quality of finished products.

3. Compliance with delivery quantity: Make the company's production quantity accurate.

4. Accurate delivery: Ensure the accuracy of the company's shipping date.

5. Coordination of various tasks: Good cooperation makes the work of both parties progress smoothly.

Therefore, choosing suppliers directly affects the production and sales of the company, and has a great impact on the company. Therefore, it is very important to choose excellent suppliers.

What major entities should a good supplier include?

A good supplier should have the following major entities:

1. Excellent business leaders: Only with excellent leaders can a company develop healthily and stably.

2. High-quality management cadres: Only when an enterprise has high-quality and capable management cadres can the enterprise's management be efficient and full of vitality.

3. Stable employee group: Only the stability of a company's employees can ensure the stability of product quality. An employee group with excessive mobility will have a considerable impact on product quality.

4. Good machinery and equipment: Good machinery and equipment can better guarantee the quality of its products.

5. Good technology: Enterprises must not only have high-quality management cadres and good and good management, but also have experienced and innovative technical personnel. Only by continuous improvement and innovation of technology can product quality be improved More secure, material costs continue to fall.

6. Good management system: scientific incentive mechanism, smooth management channels, and sound management systems can give full play to people's enthusiasm, thereby ensuring that their suppliers are excellent as a whole, and their The product quality is excellent and the service is top notch.

2. Supplier survey

The supplier survey mainly includes the following contents:

1. Level of management personnel:

The quality of management personnel.

Whether the management personnel have rich work experience.

The level of management ability.

2. The quality of professional and technical personnel.

The quality of its technical personnel.

R&D capabilities of technical personnel.

The level of various professional and technical abilities.

3. Machinery and equipment status:

Name, specifications, brand, service life and production capacity of the machine and equipment.

The newness, performance and maintenance status of the machinery and equipment, etc.

4. Material supply status:

The source of supply of raw materials used in its products.

Whether the supply channels of its materials are smooth.

Whether the quality of its raw materials is stable.

The level of adaptability of its suppliers when there are difficulties in the source of raw materials.

5． Quality control capabilities:

Whether its quality control organization is sound.

The quality of quality control personnel.

Whether the quality control system is complete.

Check whether the equipment is precise and well maintained.

The selection of raw materials and the strictness of incoming material inspection.

Operating methods and process control standards.

Whether finished product specifications and finished product inspection standards are standardized.

Whether the traceability of quality abnormalities is programmed.

Whether the statistical techniques are scientific and whether the statistical data are detailed and accurate.

6. Financial and credit status:

Monthly output value and sales.

Customers coming and going.

Banks to which you correspond.

Business performance and development prospects, etc.

7. Management standard system:

Whether the management system is systematic and scientific.

Whether the work instructions and specifications are complete.

Whether the implementation status is strict.

What are the steps in supplier development?

3. The main steps of supplier development are:

1. Material classification:

Divide main production materials and auxiliary production materials into three categories ABC according to the proportion of purchase amount.

Classified according to material composition or performance, such as: plastics, hardware, electronics, chemicals, packaging, etc.

2. Collect manufacturer information: According to the classification of materials, collect manufacturers that produce various materials. There are about 5 to 10 manufacturers of each type of product, and fill in the "Manufacturer Information Form".

3. Supplier survey: According to the list of "Manufacturer Information Card", the purchasing department will fax the "Supplier Survey Form" to the supplier to fill out.

4. Establish a supplier evaluation team: headed by the deputy general manager, and composed of purchasing, quality control, technical department managers, supervisors, and engineers.

5． Survey and evaluation:

Based on the feedback questionnaire, classify according to basic indicators such as scale and production capacity, and according to ABC material procurement... >>

Question 5: How Selecting suppliers 1 Factors affecting supplier selection

Suppliers belong to the open system of the supply chain, so the selection of suppliers will also be affected by various economic, political and other factors.

1.1 Quality Factors

Quality is the basis of the supply chain's survival. The use value of a product is based on product quality. It determines the quality of final consumer goods and affects the quality of the product. Market competitiveness and share. Therefore, quality is an important factor in choosing a supplier.

1.2 Price factor

Low price means that the company can reduce the cost of its production and operation, which has an obvious effect on improving the competitiveness and increasing profits of the company. It is the first choice for suppliers. important factors. However, the supplier with the lowest price is not necessarily the most suitable. Many factors such as product quality, delivery time and transportation costs also need to be considered.

1.3 On-time delivery factors

Whether products can be delivered on time at the agreed time and location directly affects the continuity of the company's production and supply activities. It will also affect the inventory levels of the supply chain at all levels, which will in turn affect the company's response speed to the market, interrupting the manufacturer's production plan and the seller's sales plan.

1.4 Variety flexibility factors

In order to survive and develop in the fierce competition, the products produced by enterprises must be diversified to meet the needs of consumers, to occupy the market and obtain profits purpose. Product diversification is based on the supplier's variety flexibility, which determines the types of consumer goods.

1.5 Other influencing factors

Including design capabilities, special process capabilities, overall service level, project management capabilities and other factors.

According to a 1997 research survey on the "CIMS-Supply Chain Management" topic, the data shows that when Chinese companies select suppliers, the main criterion is quality. About 98.5% of companies consider quality factors, followed by is the price.

Quality, price, delivery, punctuality, variety, flexibility, other factors 2. One principle for selecting suppliers. The basic criterion for supplier development is the "Q.C.D.S" principle, which is the principle of equal emphasis on quality, cost, delivery and service.

Among the four, quality factors are the most important. First, confirm whether the supplier has established a stable and effective quality assurance system, and then confirm whether the supplier has the equipment and equipment to produce the specific products required. Process capabilities. Next is cost and price. Value engineering methods should be used to conduct cost analysis on the products involved, and cost savings should be achieved through win-win price negotiations. In terms of delivery, it is necessary to determine whether the supplier has sufficient production capacity, sufficient human resources, and whether there is potential to expand production capacity. Last but not least is the supplier's pre-sales and after-sales service record.

Question 6: What are the advantages of choosing one supplier versus multiple suppliers? Choosing one supplier is good for quality control, but not conducive to cost control. On the contrary, choosing multiple suppliers will have It is helpful to control costs and improve the economic benefits of enterprises, but it may lead to unstable quality and affect the production process and product quality.

Personal opinion, for reference only.

Question 7: Select qualified What methods are available for suppliers? 1. Factors affecting supplier selection:

Suppliers belong to the open system of the supply chain, so the selection of suppliers will also be affected by various economic, political and other factors. influence.

1. Quality factors

Quality is the basis for the survival of the supply chain. The use value of the product is based on product quality. It determines the quality of the final consumer product and affects the product. market competitiveness and share. Therefore, quality is an important factor in choosing a supplier.

2. Price factor Low price means that enterprises can reduce the cost of production and operation, which has a significant effect on improving competitiveness and increasing profits of enterprises. It is an important factor in selecting suppliers.

However, the supplier with the lowest price is not necessarily the most suitable. Many factors such as product quality, delivery time and transportation costs also need to be considered.

3. Delivery punctuality factors

Whether products can be shipped on time at the agreed time and location directly affects the continuity of the company's production and supply activities. It will also affect the inventory levels of the supply chain at all levels, which will in turn affect the company's response speed to the market, interrupting the manufacturer's production plan and the seller's sales plan.

4. Variety flexibility factors

In order to survive and develop in the fierce competition, the products produced by enterprises must be diversified to meet the needs of consumers and achieve market share and acquisition. Profit purpose. Product diversification is based on the supplier's variety flexibility, which determines the types of consumer goods.

5. Other influencing factors

Including design capabilities, special process capabilities, overall service level, project management capabilities and other factors.

According to a 1997 research survey on the "CIMS-Supply Chain Management" topic, the data shows that when Chinese companies choose suppliers, the main criterion is quality. About 98.5% of companies consider quality factors, followed by is the price.

2. Principles for selecting suppliers

The basic criterion for supplier development is the "Q.C.D.S" principle, which is the principle of equal emphasis on quality, cost, delivery and service.

Among the four, quality factors are the most important. First, confirm whether the supplier has established a stable and effective quality assurance system, and then confirm whether the supplier has the equipment and equipment to produce the specific products required. Process capabilities.

Next is cost and price. Value engineering methods should be used to conduct cost analysis on the products involved, and cost savings should be achieved through win-win price negotiations. In terms of delivery, it is necessary to determine whether the supplier has sufficient production capacity, sufficient human resources, and whether there is potential to expand production capacity.

Last but not least is the supplier's pre-sales and after-sales service record.

3. Steps of supplier selection

1. Suppliers play an important role in the supply chain. The supplier selection mechanism is diversified. Therefore, the company’s decision-makers choose Suppliers must adapt to local conditions, conduct a detailed analysis of the internal and external environment of the enterprise, select theories and methods suitable for the enterprise or industry based on the enterprise's long-term development strategy and core competitiveness, and formulate corresponding implementation steps and rules. Different companies will take different steps when selecting suppliers, but the basic steps should include the following aspects.

2. Establish a supplier selection team

Enterprises need to set up a special team to control and implement supplier evaluation. The members of this team are from procurement, quality, production, engineering Mainly departments that are closely related to supply chain cooperation. Team members must have team spirit and possess certain professional skills. The selection panel must be supported by the top leadership of both the purchasing company and the supplier company.

3. Analyze the market competition environment

Enterprises must know what the current product needs are, what are the product types and characteristics, in order to confirm customer needs and confirm whether there is an established Supply relationships are necessary. If a supply relationship has been established, it is necessary to confirm the necessity of changes in the supply partnership based on changes in demand, analyze the current status of existing suppliers, and summarize the problems existing in the enterprise.

4. Establish the goals of supplier selection

Enterprises must determine how to implement the supplier evaluation process, and must establish substantive goals. Supplier evaluation and selection is not only a simple process, but also a business process reconstruction process for the enterprise itself. If implemented well, it can bring a series of benefits.

5. Establish supplier evaluation standards

The supplier evaluation index system is the basis and standard for enterprises to comprehensively evaluate suppliers. It is a complex system that reflects the enterprise itself and the environment. The indicators of different attributes are organized in an orderly manner according to their affiliation and hierarchical structure.

The evaluation of suppliers in different industries, enterprises, different product needs and environments should be the same, but the evaluation criteria of suppliers should involve the following...>>

Question 8: In When selecting suppliers, what are the main factors that companies need to consider? The first is a "preliminary investigation of the quality assurance system" of the supplier, which mainly includes the integrity, effectiveness and employee participation of its system. For example, whether there is a sound quality control department, whether the responsibilities of the quality control personnel are clear, whether there are complete and detailed quality review records, whether quality review work is carried out regularly, whether the quality control personnel have undergone strict training and whether they actively participate in the review work, etc. wait.

Then investigate and evaluate its comprehensive capabilities in production, development, etc., mainly including the supplier’s on-site production management capabilities, design and development capabilities, production process technical transformation capabilities, control capabilities for non-conforming products, and their Comprehensive investigation and evaluation of procurement, storage and transportation management capabilities, etc.

In addition, we also need to evaluate suppliers. For supplier assessment methods, the main assessment indicators such as price, quality, delivery, and coordination are generally allocated first. For example, price accounts for 40%, quality accounts for 30%, delivery accounts for 20%, and coordination accounts for 10%.

Question 9: How should small and medium-sized enterprises choose suppliers? It is best to have case supplier management methods

1. General principles 1. In order to stabilize the supplier team and establish a long-term mutually beneficial supply and demand relationship, we have formulated this method. 2. This method applies to manufacturers that supply raw and auxiliary materials, parts, components and provide supporting services to the company on a long-term basis. 2. Management principles and systems 1. The company's purchasing department or supporting department is in charge of suppliers, and the manufacturing, finance, R&D and other departments provide assistance. 2. For the selected suppliers, the company enters into a long-term supply cooperation agreement with them, which specifically stipulates the rights and obligations of both parties, as well as mutually beneficial conditions. 3. The company can assess the credit rating of suppliers and implement different management according to the rating. 4. The company evaluates suppliers regularly or irregularly, and terminates long-term supply cooperation agreements if they are unqualified. 5. The company can issue production supporting licenses to parts supply companies. 3. Supplier screening and rating The company has formulated the following index system for screening and rating supplier levels. 1. Quality level. Including: (1) Excellent product rate of incoming materials; (2) Quality assurance system; (3) Sample quality; (4) Handling of quality problems. 2. Delivery capability. Including: (1) timeliness of delivery; (2) expansion of supply flexibility; (3) timeliness of samples; (4) ability to respond to increased or decreased orders. 3. Price level. Including: (1) degree of discount; (2) ability to absorb price increases; (3) space for cost reduction. 4. Technical ability. Including: (1) The advancement of process technology; (2) Follow-up research and development capabilities; (3) Product design capabilities; (4) The ability to respond to technical issues. 5. Backup service. Including: (1) Sporadic order guarantee; (2) Supporting after-sales service capabilities. 6. Human resources. Including: (1) management team; (2) employee quality. 7. Current cooperation status. Including: (1) contract performance rate; (2) average annual additional supply burden and proportion; (3) length of cooperation; (4) harmonious cooperation relationship. When specifically screening and rating suppliers, the weight and scoring criteria for each indicator should be given based on the formed indicator system. Screening procedures. 1. For each type of material, the purchasing department will propose a list of 5 to 10 candidate suppliers after market research; 2. The company will set up a supplier selection team composed of purchasing, quality control, and technical departments; 3. Selection team After the preliminary review of the candidate manufacturers, the purchasing department will conduct an on-site investigation of the manufacturers, and both parties will help fill in the questionnaire; 4. After comparing and scoring each candidate manufacturer one by one, and calculating the total score ranking, the decision will be made. 4. Only those who are approved as suppliers can purchase; those who are not approved are asked to continue to improve and retain their future candidate qualifications. 5. Suppliers will be re-evaluated every year, those that do not meet the requirements will be eliminated, and qualified suppliers will be replenished from the candidate team. 6. The company can assign different credit levels to suppliers for management. The rating process refers to the supplier selection method as above. 7. For suppliers with the highest credit, the company can provide preferential treatment such as exemption of material inspection and priority payment of loans. 8. Management measures 1. The company can dispatch full-time factory personnel to important suppliers, or conduct frequent quality inspections on suppliers. 2. The company conducts quality testing or on-site inspections of supplied goods regularly or irregularly.

3. The company reduces over-reliance on individual large suppliers and diversifies procurement risks. 4. The company formulates acceptance standards for each purchased part and acceptance handover procedures with suppliers. 5. The company's procurement, R&D, production, and technology departments can provide business guidance and training to suppliers, but they should pay attention to the non-proliferation or leakage of the company's core product or key technologies. 6. The company can invest in important suppliers that have development potential and are in line with the company's investment policy to establish property rights relationships with the suppliers.

Question 10: What kind of supplier should be selected for procurement? 1 Intuitive judgment method

Intuitive judgment is to analyze and evaluate suppliers based on the information obtained from consultation and investigation. , a method of comparison. It is mainly based on the procurement personnel's understanding of the supplier's product quality, product price, after-sales service and other nine evaluation indicators, or the company considers several important evaluation indicators to conduct a preliminary review, and then proposes several evaluation indicators that are better list of suppliers. Organize and convene a review meeting attended by relevant leaders to conduct a comprehensive review and determine the best supplier through the comprehensive results of the review. This method has many subjective factors and is a qualitative method of selecting suppliers. It is generally used to identify old suppliers who know the supplier well, have cooperated for a long time, and have a good reputation in the past, or to select suppliers of auxiliary materials that use less quantity.

2 Bidding method

For materials with large consumption and fierce competition, it is difficult to intuitively judge the quality of that supplier in a short period of time. In this case, you can use bidding to send the goods. Sure. This is a method in which the enterprise proposes bidding conditions, the suppliers bid, and then the enterprise decides the bid and establishes a partnership with the supplier who proposes the most favorable conditions. The competitive bidding method can select excellent suppliers from a wider range.

3 Negotiation selection method

For materials with many suppliers and relatively balanced supply and demand, suppliers can be selected through negotiation. The enterprise selects a number of suppliers from among the suppliers, and then negotiates with them on product quality, product quantity, product price, on-time delivery rate, after-sales service, technical services, etc., and reaches an agreement on the basis of mutual benefit and win-win. Long-term cooperation agreement.

4 Procurement Cost Analysis Method

For suppliers that can meet both quality and delivery time, analysis and comparison can be made by calculating procurement costs. Procurement costs include the sum of product prices, transportation costs, transaction costs and other expenses.

Compared with the above three methods, the procurement cost analysis method is more quantitative, but it still has certain limitations. It cannot conduct quantitative analysis from the overall evaluation, so as to select excellent suppliers for cooperation. partner. It may be more reliable if it is quantified comprehensively.

Exchange and communication of information in other aspects to maintain the consistency and accuracy of information and facilitate price determination and quality control. Secondly, the demander should promptly inform the other party of changes in the quality of the required materials, changes in processes, design changes and other new requirements for materials and spare parts, so that the supplier can adjust production in a timely manner to meet the needs of the demander. Third, both supply and demand parties should visit each other frequently, communicate with each other, promptly discover and solve problems and difficulties that arise during the cooperation process, and form a good atmosphere for cooperation.

Incentive suppliers in a timely manner

To maintain a long-term win-win cooperative relationship, it is very important to incentivize suppliers in a timely manner. Without an effective incentive mechanism, it will be difficult to maintain a good In the relationship between supply and demand, incentives must fully reflect the principles of fairness, consistency, and justice. Incentives are divided into positive incentives and negative incentives. There are the following ways of incentives: (1) Price incentives. The price must be determined with full consideration of the supplier's reasonable profits. (2) Order mechanism. Give more orders to suppliers with good performance. (3) Goodwill incentives. Suppliers who abide by contracts and pay attention to credibility should be vigorously promoted and encouraged by giving plaques and other means. (4) Eliminate incentives. Enhance the sense of crisis among other suppliers by eliminating unqualified suppliers.

Give reasonable evaluation to suppliers.

The evaluation should focus on the main indicators or issues, such as whether the product quality has been improved, whether the delivery time is timely, whether the after-sales service has been improved, and whether the product price has dropped.

Feed back the results to suppliers through evaluation, let them conduct self-evaluation, and then discuss with them the root causes of the problems and propose improvement measures.

Optimize the supplier network and establish a competition mechanism for survival of the fittest.

To judge the performance of a supplier, a comprehensive index should be used to evaluate it, and the satisfaction index can be used for evaluation. Satisfaction is a comprehensive indicator that reflects the supplier's operating performance, expressed as follows:

Supplier satisfaction A=the supplier's on-time delivery rate*M+the supplier's sales profit margin*N+ The supplier provides *L product quality qualification rate. In the formula, M, N, L are weights, (M+N+L)/3=1. For suppliers of the same material, the same weight should take the same value. The value of each weight can be determined according to the weight. It depends on the impact of the indicator corresponding to the number on the enterprise.

Establish benchmark suppliers to promote the optimization and improvement of the entire network

By establishing benchmark suppliers, enterprises provide suppliers...>>