200 experiences and dimensions of architectural design.
1. Public buildings are usually composed of three spaces: transportation, use and assistance.
2. Sullivan, a famous American architect, put forward the famous saying that "form comes from function"
3. The German Pavilion of the Barcelona World Expo designed by Mies Van Derro adopted "free and flexible space combination" and created a new concept of flowing space.
4. The spatial layout of the exhibition hall of Guggenheim Art Museum designed by Wright in new york, USA is in series.
The cinema doesn't need daylight.
6. Point houses can be equipped with patio or plane concave-convex layout, which can increase the external wall, which is beneficial to lighting and ventilation when there are more households on each floor.
7. The structural form is specified in terms of size and capacity, physical environment and shape.
8. Function and streamline analysis is the most commonly used means in modern architectural design.
9. Vertical buildings need to consider the correction of perspective deformation.
10. Orange is a warm color, and purple contains blue components, so it is cold; Blue is colder than yellow, red is warmer than yellow, and blue is colder than green.
1 1. Cool colors of the same size give people a greater feeling than warm colors.
12. At the same distance, warm colors give people a closer feeling than cool colors.
13. In order to maintain the sense of stability in the indoor space, the lower part of the room should be colored with low brightness.
14. Cool colors give people an elegant and quiet atmosphere.
15. Hue, lightness and chroma are the three elements of color; These three colors are red, yellow and blue.
16. The concept of scale is the relationship between the visual impression of the whole or part of the building and its actual size.
17. The proportion of beauty must correctly reflect the mechanical properties of materials.
18. Different cultures form unique proportional forms.
19. The height-width ratio of western classical architecture, the higher, the narrower, the lower, the wider.
20. The element involved in "stability" is the handling of the relative weight relationship between the upper and lower levels.
2 1. The law of human observation
H 18 ~ 45 parts and details
2h 18 ~ 27 whole
3h < 18 whole and environment
22. The golden ratio is 1: 1.6 18.
23. A ventilated roof can only isolate solar radiation but can't keep warm, which is suitable for the south.
24. The general layout should be tailored to local conditions, and the relationship between the building and the surrounding environment should be compact to save land;
Properly handle the relationship between individuals and groups, space and people, greening and sketches;
Reasonably solve the organization of lighting, ventilation, orientation, traffic and people flow.
25. Comfortable and stable hot water system is suitable for residential buildings and child care.
The steam system can be heated quickly and is suitable for intermittent heating buildings such as halls and theaters.
26. The gradient has a sense of rhythm
27. In order to make the building look lively and lively, contrast should be used in composition.
Contrast techniques include axis contrast, volume contrast, direction contrast, virtual reality contrast and color contrast.
28. In order to make the column look thinner, dark colors and cool colors can be used.
29. Brazil's Congress Hall has adopted a more coordinated approach in body shape combination.
30. The exhibition building should be in the form of wear-and-ride space combination.
3 1. The composition of outdoor space mainly depends on the combination of buildings and buildings.
32. In the layout of St. Kyle Square in Venice, Italy, the contrast between various spaces is emphasized.
33. When the slope is slow, parallel contour lines should be adopted.
34. The effective area of the building = building area-structural area.
35. It is easier to solve the problem of lighting and ventilation by increasing the window area.
36. Ancient wooden structures in China can be roughly divided into three types: beam-lifting type, bucket-crossing type and well-dry type.
37. The basic categories of architectural composition principle are master and slave and emphasis, contrast and echo, balance and stability, rhythm and rhythm, proportion and scale.
38. The basic laws of architectural composition are diversity and unity.
39. In buildings with more than 8 floors, elevators become the main means of transportation.
40. The building modules are divided into basic modules, extended modules and sub-modules.
4 1. The maximum gradient of building stairs should not exceed 38.
42. The living room, bedroom and kitchen of a residence should be directly lit, with the window-floor ratio of 1/7 and others of112.
43. The minimum clear width of stairs in residential suites is: 0.9M on both sides of the wall and 0.75M on one side.
The stair step width in residential room should not be less than 0.22m, and the step height should not be less than 0.20m..
44. It is forbidden to store Class A and Class B substances with fire hazard on the ground floor of residential buildings, and no entertainment places that produce noise shall be set up.
45. The minimum clear height of rooms such as basements and storerooms shall not be less than 2.0m..
46. When the horizontal projection length of the indoor ramp exceeds 15m, a rest platform shall be set.
47. The area occupied by external wall internal insulation is not included in the usable area.
Flue, air duct and pipeline well are not within the scope of use.
The balcony area is not included in the usable area.
Wall cabinets should be included in the use area.
48. The plane included angle of the two steps of the spiral staircase is not more than 10 degree, and the width of each step at 0.25 from the center of the inner handrail is more than 0.22 meters.
49. The clear distance between the two exits should not be less than 5m.
50. The front door leaf of the stairs should be fully opened to keep the platform width of 0.6m The distance between the door of the side wall and the steps should not be less than 0.4m When the door leaf is fully opened, the width of the flight should not be reduced.
5 1. At the end of the ramp entering the underground garage, water retaining and slope prevention shall be set, and horizontal rain grates shall be set.
52. Indoor steps should be150 * 300; The width of outdoor steps should be about 350, and the height-width ratio should not be greater than 1: 2.5.
53. The step width of residential public stairs should not be less than 0.26M, and the step height should not be greater than 0.175 m.
54. The step width should not be less than1.1m (1.0M for those with railings on floors 6 and below), and the clearance height is 2.2M
55. The width of the rest platform should be greater than the width of the steps, and should not be less than1.2m. The clearance height is 2.0M
56. When the height of ladder handrail is 0.9M and the length of horizontal handrail is more than 0.5M, it should be1.05m.
57. Stair upright clearance should not be greater than 0. 1 1M, and protective measures should be taken when the stairwell clearance width is greater than 0.11m..
58. The door * * adopts the outer door with a width of 1.2M, a bedroom living room door of 0.9M, a kitchen door of 0.8M, a bathroom balcony door of 0.7M, and all doors are 2.0M high.
59. The height of residential buildings should not be higher than 2.8 meters.
60. The clear height from the bedroom is ≥2.4M, and its local clear height is ≥2. 1M (and should not be greater than 0/3 of the usable area of 65438).
6 1. If the top of the slope is used as living room and bedroom, the clear height of half area should not be less than 2.1m..
When using the space at the top of the slope, the clear height is less than 1.2M, excluding the usable area; 1.2-2. 1m, half of usable area; Total usable area exceeding 2.1m.
62. The furniture wall is 3M long, and the hall area without direct lighting should not be greater than 10M2.
63. Kitchen area Ⅰ and Ⅱ ≥ 4m2; ⅲ、5M2
64. The single-sided equipment with clear width in the kitchen should not be less than1.5m; ; The clear distance between double-sided equipment should not be less than 0.9M
65. For a big house, its usable area must meet 45 square meters.
66. Residential Xing Tao * * is divided into four categories, with floor areas of 34, 45, 56 and 68 square meters respectively.
67. Single bedroom ≥ 6m2; Double bedroom ≥10m2; Living room and bedroom ≥12m2;
68. The bathroom area is 3 m22-2.5m2; 1. 1 m2
69. The clear height of the kitchen and toilet is 2.2M
70. When the clear height of the stair windowsill in residential buildings is less than 0.9 meters from the ground, protective measures should be taken regardless of whether the window is opened.
7 1. The clear height of balcony railing is1.05m; ; 1. 1M (but <1.2); The clear distance between steel bars is 0. 1 1.
72. The bathroom without external windows should be provided with an exhaust ventilation duct with backflow prevention structure, a reserved position of exhaust machinery, an air intake louver under the door or a certain gap between the door and the ground.
73. Each set should have a balcony or platform, with clothes drying facilities and rain cover on the top floor; Balcony and awning should have organized drainage; The balcony should be waterproof; The rain cover should be waterproof.
74. For residential buildings in cold, hot summer and cold winter areas and hot summer and warm winter areas, shading measures should be taken in the west.
75. Residential entrances and exits in cold areas should be fortified with unpopular or thermal insulation door in all directions.
76. It is not advisable to set up auxiliary public buildings in residential buildings, including boiler rooms, power distribution rooms, inflammable and explosive chemicals warehouses, etc.
But you can set up a restaurant with a kitchen.
77. The residential design should consider the protection against electric shock, theft and falling.
78. The space in the thermocline refers to a house with two or more floors.
79. When building on a slope, it is more economical to use the falling method when the building is perpendicular to the contour line.
80. There are primary indicators and secondary indicators in the evaluation index system of residential construction projects.
Elevator must be provided for 8 1. Residential buildings with 7 floors and above (16m).
82. When the height of the highest residential floor in the dormitory is more than 20 meters away from the entrance floor, an elevator should be set up.
83. Hospital ward buildings, air-conditioned multi-storey hotels, and public buildings with more than five floors of indoor evacuation stairs should be equipped with closed stairs (including the first floor expansion closed stairs).
Above-ground buildings with dance halls and projection halls above 3 floors should have closed stairwells.
If the main staircase in the lobby of a public building is not included in the total evacuation width, there is no need to close the staircase.
84. Evacuation staircases of stacks and non-book databases in the library should be designed as closed staircases or smoke-proof staircases.
When setting stairs in the archives reservoir area, closed stairwells should be adopted, and the fire protection rating of the doors should not be lower than Grade B..
85. The elevator should not be arranged next to the bedroom and living room.
86. Every building with floors 12 and above shall have at least 2 elevators.
87. Building stairs should generally not exceed 18 level and should not be lower than level 3.
88. The clear width of stairs shall be calculated as 0.55M+(0-0. 15M) per person flow, and shall not be less than 2 people flow.
89. Pipeline wells should not be laid in the same well because of their mutual influence on safety, fire prevention and hygiene.
90. Smoke exhaust and ventilation shall not use the same piping system.
9 1. The level of the general lighting room of the library is 0.75m-150-200-300lx.
Old people's room 0.75m horizontal plane -200-300-500lx
The level of exhibition hall is 0.75m -75- 100- 150lx.
Reader lounge 0.75m horizontal plane -30-50-75lx
92. Kindergarten lighting standards
Activity room 150LX, health isolation room 100, dormitory 75, bathroom 30 and lobby 20.
93. The uniformity of illumination in primary and secondary schools should not be less than 0.7.
The vertical illumination of the panel lamp should not be less than 200LX.
94. The second step is not allowed to appear in the stair section.
95. Neither elevators nor escalators can be regarded as safety exits.
96. The ground at the bottom of the building should be at least 0. 15M higher than the outdoor ground.
97. The elevator should not be surrounded by stairs.
There should be no more than 4 elevators arranged unilaterally.
The bilateral arrangement of elevators should not exceed 8.
98. Depth of waiting hall
Unilateral residential elevator ≥B
Other elevators ≥ 1.5b
When multiple elevators are arranged on both sides, the sum of relative elevators is ≥ b; Parallel < < 4.5M (passenger elevator)
99. The minimum slope of a flat roof is 1: 50.
The slope of hopeless slab of tile roof is 1: 2, and the slope of hoped slab is 1: 2.5.
The gradient of asbestos tile is 1: 3.
The metal tile slope of the wave form is 1: 4.
The profiled steel plate is 1: 7.
/kloc-Roof stairways with no people above 0/00 shall be provided with roof manholes or external wall ladders. 10 meter.
10 1. The floor height of the sash opening leading to the public walkway should not be less than 2m. When the outer windowsill is less than 0.8m, protective measures should be taken. ..
102. Double-sided spring doors should be installed with transparent glass at the visible height.
103. Revolving doors, electric doors and large doors should be equipped with ordinary doors.
104. The suspended ceiling in the building should be provided with manhole and vent, and the water pipeline should have measures to prevent condensed water from passing through, and the pipeline should have long-term maintenance space.
105. Skylights should be made of light-transmitting materials or safety nets to prevent damage, and measures should be taken to prevent the generation or discharge of condensed water.
106. The opening form of windows should be convenient to use, safe to open and easy to clean, and casement windows should be suitable for multi-storey or high-rise buildings.
107. A continuous horizontal moistureproof layer is set at the brick wall-0.06 m. When there is a height difference between adjacent floors indoors, a moistureproof layer should be added to the side of the wall.
108. When the designed maximum groundwater level is 0.3-0.5m lower than the basement floor, and there is no possibility of water accumulation in the basement backfill, moisture-proof measures can be taken.
109. National climate zoning:
The annual average maximum Leng Yue in severe cold area (area I) is ≤- 10℃.
The annual average maximum Leng Yue in cold area (area II) is >-10℃ and ≤0℃.
The annual average Leng Yue in warm areas (Zone III) is > 0℃.
The average hottest month for many years is less than 28℃
The average hottest month in hot area (Ⅳ area) is > 28℃
1 10. Minimum size of toilet compartment plane; 0.9 *1.2 outside the door; Inner door opening 0.9* 1.4
Minimum size of shower room plane; Outer door1.0 *1.2; With a change of clothes 1.0*( 1.0+0.6)
1 1 1. The external area of the air-conditioned building should be small; The window area should be small;
For continuous start-up buildings, heavy materials should be used inside the enclosure structure;
The exterior wall should be light.
1 12. The equipment layer should be naturally ventilated or mechanically ventilated. When the equipment floor is located in the basement and there is no mechanical ventilation duct, there should be an outlet or vent on the basement outer wall that is not less than the basement construction area 1/400.
1 13. When the length of the inner walkway is less than 20m, it should be illuminated at least at one end; when it is greater than 20m, it should be illuminated at both ends; when it is greater than 40m, the middle lighting port should be added; otherwise, artificial lighting should be adopted.
1 14. Lighting openings with a height below 0.5m from the ground are not included in the effective lighting area.
1 15. The core problem of theater architectural space combination is the relationship between audience hall, stage, lounge and hall.
1 16. The theater auditorium should have a wheelchair seat for every 400 seats (0.8* 1. 1).
1 17. The swing wavelength of the visually impaired guide rod is 0.9-1.5m.
1 18. When walking horizontally, the width of crutches for the physically disabled is about 0.95 meters.
1 19. Compared with tower high-rise buildings, slab high-rise buildings have the advantages of small shape coefficient, low heat consumption in winter, good ventilation and heat dissipation in summer, and good energy saving.
120. Large hospital buildings often appear in the form of groups. The reason is that the scattered arrangement according to different functional characteristics is conducive to organizing different streamline, striving for better ventilation and orientation, and preventing cross-infection.
12 1. The factors that affect the sunshine of buildings are geographical latitude, sunshine interval, altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun in winter.
122. Solar heating buildings are generally divided into active and passive types.
123. The longitudinal slope of non-motor vehicle lane is less than 2.5%, and the slope length can be unlimited.
Under difficult conditions, the maximum longitudinal slope is 3.5%, but the length is limited.
When the slope is 2.5%, the slope length is limited to 250 meters.
The slope length at 3.0% is limited to150m.
The slope length at 3.5% is100m.
Lane width ≥ 2.5m
124. specifications for roads and buildings used by the disabled. Road longitudinal slope is less than 2.5%; Road width ≥ 2.5m
125. The distance between ramps at the commercial street kerb without sidewalk railings is ≤100 m.
The slope of gravel road at the edge of single slope should not be greater than 1: 20 ramp; Sector width ≥1.5m; At the corner, the width of the unilateral straight line is ≥ 2.0m
The slope on three sides should not be greater than 1: 12 ramp; Width ≥1.2m; The exposed height of kerbs in the ramp is ≤ 20; The road width of the rib block is ≥ 0.6m
The underground pipeline manhole cover in the sidewalk must be connected with the ground, and the grate manhole cover shall not be used;
The height of the object invading the sidewalk above the ground shall not be less than 2.2 meters.
No rain outlets shall be set at crosswalks and kerb ramps.
126. footbridges and underpasses
The width of the ladder should not be less than 3.5m, and the step should be 0.3 * 0.15; /kloc-more than 0/8; The width of the rest platform is 1.5m, and not less than the width of the steps.
The clear height of ladders, ramps and walkways shall not be less than 2.2m; The height of handrails should be 0.9 meters, and the lower floor should be 0.7 meters.
Slope gradient ≤ 1: 12, special difficulty ≤ 1: 10. For each ascent or turn 1.8m, a platform with a length ≥ 2m shall be provided.
127. The ground slope of barrier-free entrance should not be greater than 1: 50.
128. Minimum width of wheelchair platform for building population
Large and medium-sized public buildings, high-rise buildings and apartment buildings ≥2.0
Others ≥ 1.5
129. The width of the entrance ramp convenient for the disabled is 0.9M；; Slope1:12; The length of each slope is 9m; The maximum height of each part is 0.75m.
Depth of intermediate rest platform ≥1.2m; The turning-out depth of the platform is ≥1.5m; Wheelchair buffer zone ≥ 1.5m shall be reserved at the start and end points.
130. Handrails in disabled lanes should be 0.85m and 0.65m in height, and the handrails should be continuous, with the starting point and ending point extending horizontally by 0.3m.
The distance between the handrail and the wall is 38;
13 1. The clear width of wheelchair aisle is1.2m; ; Clear width of one person and one wheelchair walkway1.5m; ; The clear width of the two wheelchair passageways is1.8m.
132. When there are two doors at the entrance and exit, there should be a wheelchair clearance of not less than 1.2m after opening the doors (1.5m for the middle and high floors of large public buildings).
133. The minimum clear width of the wheelchair access door is 0.8m.
The minimum clear width of automatic doors is1.0m.
134. Minimum width of wheelchair
Large public walkway ≥1.8m.
Small and medium-sized public walkways and pedestrian walkways in the building base ≥1.5m.
Residential building corridor ≥1.2m.
Wheelchair access at ticket gate and settlement gate ≥ 0.9m
135. The recess of the door leaf walkway should not be less than 1.3(0.8+0.5)*0.9.
136. Accessibility is mainly aimed at people with visual impairment, crutches and wheelchairs.
137. Elevator for the disabled: the area of the waiting hall should not be less than 1.5* 1.5.
After the elevator door is opened, the clear width should not be less than 0.8M, and the elevator car area should not be less than 1.4* 1. 1.
138. Toilets for the disabled are equipped with sufficient wheelchair areas, separate compartments, safety handrails and sitting toilets.
The maximum height of the wall-mounted urinal from the ground is 430; There should be 760* 1220 activity space in front of the urinal.
The washbasin should be hung independently, with an area of 760* 1220.
139. entrances and exits for the disabled: they should be close to the elevator hall; Ramp connection should be adopted when there is height difference between indoor and outdoor; There should be a plane wheelchair turning area of 1.5* 1.5 inside and outside; When there are two doors at the entrance and exit, the wheelchair clearance should be no less than 1.2M after the doors are opened.
140. government agencies and judicial departments at or above the county level must set up barrier-free toilets.
14 1. For high-rise, medium-high-rise residential buildings and apartment buildings, two sets of barrier-free housing suites suitable for wheelchair users should be set for every 50 houses.
142. Revolving doors are not allowed for disabled people.
143. There should be no height difference between the indoor and outdoor floors of the bathroom.
There should be a wheelchair swing area of 1.5* 1.5 in the toilet.
Compartment door 1.2*0.8
144. The ground of the ramp should be flat, and the surface material that is not slippery and not easy to loosen should be used.
145. Parking spaces for disabled motor vehicles should be set in areas with convenient access and close to pedestrian walkways. Wheelchair access with a width not less than 1.2m shall be reserved at one side of the parking space, and obvious signs shall be set.
146. Wheelchair seats (0.8* 1. 1) in canteens, lecture halls, theaters, stadiums and other buildings should be arranged near the entrances and exits that are convenient for evacuation.
147. The applications of the international general signs for the disabled include: indicating the entrances and exits of buildings and safety exits; Indicate the internal and external passages of the building; Indicate the professional space position
148. The fire protection level is divided into four levels.
149. All the first and second floors are made of incombustible materials except incombustible materials for the second floor ceiling.
150. The fire resistance of steel is 0.25 hours.
15 1. Prestressed reinforced concrete is ordinary concrete with fire resistance rating of 1/2.
152. The lower surface of the indoor drainage pipe is not less than 1.9M from the ground, and it does not affect the opening of doors and windows.
153. The clear width of the suite entrance corridor should not be less than1.2m; ; The corridor leading to the bedroom is1m; ; The corridor leading to the auxiliary room is 0.9M
154. The clear height of the hanging cabinet in the set shall not be less than 0.4M；; The net depth of closet should not be less than 0.5M
155. The height difference between the stair population floor and the outdoor ground should not be less than 0.1m..
156. A comprehensive building is defined as a public building consisting of floors with two or more uses.
157. Senior residence refers to the residence with high building decoration standard and air conditioning system.
158. The fire resistance rating of the basement of high-rise building is Grade I..
159. The fire resistance limit of Class A fire doors is 1.2 hours.
The fire resistance limit of Class B fire doors is 0.9 hours.
The fire resistance limit of Class C fire doors is 0.6 hours.
160. The high-rise building uses Class C liquid fuel, and the oil storage tank is directly buried near the building or podium. When the exterior wall of the building is a firewall within 4m of the side facing the oil storage tank, and the total storage capacity of the oil storage tank does not exceed 15M3, the distance between the oil storage tank and the building is not limited.
16 1. When two high-rise buildings are adjacent, and the outer wall of the higher building is lower than the roof, and the wall within 15M and below is a firewall that can't open doors and windows, the fire spacing can be unlimited.
162. The fire prevention distance between high-rise main bodies or high-rise attached houses is 13M.
The fire prevention distance between the high-rise annex and the high-rise annex is 6M.
The primary and secondary fire resistance distance between the high-rise main body and other buildings is 13M.
The distance between the high-rise main body and other buildings is 15M.
The distance between the high-rise main body and other buildings is 18M.
The distance between the high-rise annex and the first, second, third and fourth levels of other buildings is 6M, 7M and 9M respectively.
163. When the short side of the courtyard or patio in a high-rise building exceeds 24M, a fire lane should be set to enter the courtyard or patio.
Around high-rise civil buildings, circular fire lanes should be set up.
The natural water source of fire water and fire pool should be equipped with fire lanes.
164. When crossing the high-rise fire lane, the clear width and clear height should not be less than 4M.
165. The construction area of each fire zone of a class I high-rise building is 1000M2.
The construction area of each fire zone of Class II high-rise building is 1500M2.
The construction area of each fire compartment in the basement is 500M2.
166. The multi-storey building with Grade I and II fire resistance is 2500M2( 150M).
Fire protection zone of multi-storey and three-level fire-resistant building 1200M2( 100M)
The fire protection zone of multi-storey and four-level fire-resistant buildings is 600M2(60M).
The construction area of each fire zone in the basement and semi-basement is 500M2.
167. A high-rise building is separated from the podium by a firewall. When the automatic sprinkler system is installed, the maximum allowable building area of the podium is 5000M2.
168. This specification does not require that the doors of ventilated and air-conditioned rooms have fire doors.
169. The evacuation doors of civil buildings and factories should be opened in the evacuation direction. When the number of people in a room does not exceed 60, and the average evacuation number per door does not exceed 30, the opening direction is not limited.
170. When there is only one smoke-proof staircase and fire elevator in a high-rise tower residence, the area of each floor should not exceed 650M2.
17 1. The doors of high-rise residential buildings should not open directly to the front room of the elevator room. If it is really difficult, some doors can be opened to the front room and class B fire doors can be used.
172. For super-high-rise public buildings with standard floors exceeding 1000M2, a helipad shall be provided on the roof.
173. The service life of the first-class building is greater than 100 years;
The service life of secondary buildings is 50- 100 years;
The service life of Grade III buildings is 25-50 years;
The service life of Grade IV buildings is below 15 years;
174. The horizontal distance between overhead power lines and Class A and Class B workshops should not be less than 1.5 times the pole height; Grade c 1.2 times
Vertical distance between power lines below 175. 1KV and the building is 2.5, the ground is 6, the trees are 1, and the road is 6m; Horizontal distance 1m
176.24M high-rise building (excluding 24M single story);
/kloc-over 0/00m is a super high-rise building.
177. The floors of toilets and bathrooms are slightly lower than the walkways by 20-50, and the slope is greater than or equal to 0.5%.
178. The distance between washbasins is ≥ 0.7m; Distance from the wall ≥ 0.55m.
179. The distance between urinals is ≥ 0.65m.
180. The flue extends out of the roof ≥ 0.6m
18 1. When there is a balcony above the lighting opening > > 1.0M, the lighting area shall be calculated as 70%.
182. The effective lighting area of the horizontal skylight can be calculated as 2.5 times of the lighting area.
183. the ratio of natural ventilation opening area to building area, bedroom bathroom ≥1/20; Kitchen ≥110, and not less than 0.8M2
184. Noise standard bedroom 50 days -40 nights; General room 55-45 decibels; There is a sound quality requirement of 40 decibels.
185. Clear height of school main room: primary school classroom 3.1m; Middle school classrooms and laboratories are 3.4 meters; The combined classroom is 3.6 meters;
Auxiliary room 3.1m; Office 2.8 meters
186. Green land: 2M2/ student in normal school; Middle school1; Primary school 0.5
187. playground primary school 2.3M2 each student; 3.3M2 per student in middle school
188. The sunshine in the ordinary classroom facing south should be 2 hours.
189. The suitable primary school size is 12-24 classes; There can be 6 classes in rural areas; The teaching building should not exceed four floors;
The suitable middle school size is 18-24 classes; Big cities are densely populated and can have 30 classes; The teaching building should not exceed five floors.
190. Desk spacing: primary school 850 (combined class 800), middle school 900 (combined class 850), longitudinal aisle width 550 (combined class 900), desk clearance from the wall 120 (combined class 550).
19 1. The distance between the first row of desks and the blackboard is 2000 (2500 for a class), and the distance between the back edge of the last row of desks and the blackboard should not be greater than 8000;
Middle school 8500 (combined class 18000)
192. blackboard size: the height shall not be less than1000; The width of the primary school should not be less than 3600; Middle school should not be less than 4000.
The vertical distance from the lower edge of the blackboard to the podium: 800-900 in primary school; Middle school should be 1000- 1 100.
The horizontal distance from both sides of the platform to the edge of the blackboard should not be less than 200, the width should not be less than 650 and the height should be 200.
193. The minimum hanging height of classroom lamps from the desktop should not be less than 1.7m, and the arrangement of lamps should make the long axis perpendicular to the blackboard.
194. The vertical illumination of the panel lamp should not be less than 200LX.
195. The height of the classroom window sill should not be less than 800, and should be higher than 1000.
196. The width of the classroom window wall should not be greater than 1200.
197. The width of the walkway and inner corridor of the teaching building is 2100; Gallery1800; Office1500; The railing of the veranda should not be less than 1 100.
198. The width of the entrance of the classroom safety exit should not be less than 1000, and the appropriate width of the classroom with combined classes should be 1500.
199. All rooms in the school adopt the glass-to-ground ratio, except the bathroom shower is110; Everything else is 1/6.