In the Song Dynasty, sixteen states were occupied by Qidan Liao in the north, and then by Jurchen Daikin, including most of the territory north of Huaishui.
Not to mention the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongols pushed all the way from north to south to Hainan Island, covering the whole Huaxia region under their rule.
The Ming Dynasty restored the territory ruled by the Han people, but the Northern Yuan Dynasty was still rampant in the north, and they persisted until the end of the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, the Central Plains was occupied by Manchu people again. The Manchu people's predecessor was Jurchen.
Then the question is, what is the relationship between the northern minorities such as Mongolia, Tatar, Vara and Nuzhen?
After the establishment of Da Liao in Qidan, he bullied Nuzhen in Changbai Mountain all day. Women are really a fishing and hunting nation, that is, they live by fishing and hunting. As a result, Jurchen was unhappy. A handsome young man named Akuta Wan Yan openly rebelled against the rule of the Liao Dynasty with his jurchen.
At that time, the northern song dynasty was bullied by the Liao dynasty all day, and it had long been enough. Therefore, Jurchen cooperated with the Northern Song Dynasty and made an appointment to destroy Liao. Later, the Sixteen Counties were returned to the Northern Song Dynasty.
Things are going very smoothly. With the demise of the Liao Dynasty, the Jin State established by Jurchen became the overlord of the north. They found that when dealing with the Liao Dynasty, the army of the Northern Song Dynasty was simply vulnerable, so the Jin State simply disdained the Northern Song Dynasty.
Wu Shuo, Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty: We must keep our promise and return the sixteen states to the Northern Song Dynasty!
It was returned, but it was not finished. Even though it was handed over to the Northern Song Dynasty, it was taken back by the Xu Jinguo army in the blink of an eye. Their logic is: give and grab, not breach of contract?
In fact, Xu Jin not only robbed sixteen states, but also destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty. They captured Bianjing, captured Song Huizong and Song Qinzong, and thousands of royal families, courtiers and their families. History calls Jingkang's shame.
At this time, Xu Jinguo is undoubtedly the most powerful political group in China. They should not only make the Song Dynasty surrender, but also make Xixia, Korea and other countries surrender.
In addition to these established regimes, the state of Jin also saw the potential threat of Mongols. At that time, Mongolia was a massive country, and there was no chance of reunification at all. Therefore, Xu Jinguo simply put this place into its own rule.
Jin adopted a differentiated policy towards Mongolia's management. In other words, do not unite these people. The scattered Mongols are no match for Xu Jinguo at all. Therefore, Mongolia at that time was completely the messenger of the State of Jin.
How was the Mongolian Group formed? In fact, there are many sayings in history. Because the Mongols themselves are not very good at writing historical materials, they can only say that this matter can only be handled by the Central Plains Dynasty, and the degree of ambiguity can be imagined.
According to historical records, there is Hungary in the west and Hu in the east. Therefore, the nomadic people living in the East during this period were called Donghu. Donghu people are typical nomadic people. Where there is grass, they drive cattle and sheep and have no fixed place to live.
In the 4th century, one of Xianbei people called himself "Qidan". They lived in Hulunbeier area and were called "Shiwei" in history.
According to Shu Wei's records, Wei Shi and Qidan drew a line with Xing 'an Mountains as the boundary. South of Xing 'an Mountains is Qidan, and north of Xing 'an Mountains is called Shiwei.
By the 6th century AD, Shiwei people had flourished and gradually formed five tribes: Nanshiwei, Beishiwei, Boshiwei, Silent Hengshiwei and Dashiwei.
There is no such title as "Mongolia" at this time. The major tribes in Shiwei are collectively called "Tatars". Because one of Shi Wei's "Mongols" is extremely powerful, "Tatar" is gradually replaced by "Mongols".
In the Book of Old Tang Dynasty, the "Tatar" in this period was once called "Wu Mengshiwei". This is the prototype of the name "Mongolia".
At that time, there were many factions in Mongolia, among which the most famous ones were Qi Yan, Zadalan, Taiji Wu, Hongjila and Wuliangha.
In addition to these tribes, there are Tatar Department, Meiere Begging Department, Ivora Department, Kelie Department, Naiman Department and Wang Gu Department.
So Mongolia is just a general term. Before reunification, the Central Plains Dynasty called them that. In fact, there are many factions within them, and no one will obey anyone.
It was not until a macho man named Temujin appeared that the situation changed. Temujin's father is the leader of the Begging Department, and his mother is Hoelun, a woman of Hongjila Department.
In A.D. 1206, Temujin merged the major tribes through war and established a unified Mongolian regime, namely Great Mongolia. He was also honored as Genghis Khan, which was the first time that the major tribes in Mongolia were unified.
Under the leadership of Genghis Khan, Mongolia first conquered Xixia, and then dealt a heavy blow to Nuzhen's Dajin State. It's a pity that Genghis Khan didn't see the day when Guo Dajin was destroyed.
In A.D. 1234, the Mongolian army destroyed Dajin State and annexed the Nuzhen tribe. From then on, Nuzhen changed her position and mixed with Mongols.
As I said just now, the ministries of the Stone Committee are collectively called "Tatars". Genghis Khan's Great Mongolia, in the process of three voyages to the West, successively established four khanates, namely the Golden Account Khanate, the Chagatai Khanate, the ilhan Khanate and the Wokuotai Khanate, and brought the name "Tatar" to the West.
At the same time, with Kublai Khan's efforts, the Mongolian headquarters destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and established the Dayuan Dynasty. However, because Kublai Khan did not get the support of most Mongolian nobles, he was a great Khan of Mongolia and could not govern the four great khanates at all. As a result, the powerful Great Mongolia was divided.
The Yuan Dynasty ruled the Central Plains for 98 years. As a result, in A.D. 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang's army drove him out of Dadu and returned to the territory of northern Mongolia, known as Beiyuan in history.
At this time, due to the gradual decline of the appeal of the gold family, the major tribes in Mongolia are eager to try, and everyone wants to be the boss. Mongolia is divided into two major forces, namely Tatar and Wala.
Tatar is the territory ruled by the descendants of Genghis Khan, also known as East Mongolia. Wala is the collective name of Mongolian tribes living in the west, so it is also called West Mongolia.
The struggle between the Tatars and the Warras has never stopped. In the early Yuan Dynasty, the Kim family could still speak. But a few generations later, the Walla people became teachers of the Northern Yuan Dynasty and gained real power. Things are different.
Especially when he first became a teacher, he even had the right to kill Mongolian Khan. After that, he replaced the Kim family and became the Mongolian Khan. In order to avoid future troubles, most descendants of the gold family were slaughtered first.
It can be said that at this time, Vara has been completely defeated by Tatars.
Of course, it didn't take me long to be happy, and I was taken care of by my man. Since then, Mongolia has once again fallen into various chaos. Until Dayan Khan, the descendant of the golden family, unified the Mongolian ministries again. At this time, there is probably such a difference between the Tatars and the Wallahs:
By the end of the Ming Dynasty, Mongolian ministries were once again in a state of disintegration. They are re-divided according to the Gobi Desert, which can be roughly divided into: Monan Mongolia, Mobei Mongolia and Moxi Mongolia.
Do you think nuzhen never thought about the plan to restore the great cause by hanging out with the Mongols? Of course. However, the oppression of the Yuan Dynasty was too severe to give them this opportunity. For example, there are strict restrictions on their metal smelting industry. As a result, Jurchen had no suitable weapons for a long time. They were a fishing and hunting people, but the Yuan Dynasty actually prohibited them from using bows and arrows. Isn't that interesting?
Jurchen in Ming Dynasty is mainly divided into three parts: Jianzhou Jurchen, Haixi Jurchen and Donghai Jurchen.
During the period of Zhu Yuanzhang and Judy, Jurchen really surrendered to the Ming Dynasty. After all, she couldn't live a good life in the Yuan Dynasty, so she can't be bad here in the Ming Dynasty, can she? The Ming dynasty also set up various official positions here, which were held by jurchen.
However, after Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen was first captured by the leader of Valla, the status of the Ming Dynasty in the eyes of Jurchen plummeted. Who would have thought that the Central Plains Dynasty was so bad?
Therefore, Jurchen began to resist the rule of the Ming Dynasty and even took the initiative to plunder Liaodong. In the middle and late Ming dynasty, they also realized the threat of jurchen, so they adopted the method of differentiation and let them fight internally first.
It's a pity that Jurchen also has a macho man, and that is Nurhachi. Nurhachi bribed Li, the general of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and gained the trade right between Liaodong and the Central Plains through Li, thus strengthening his own strength and completing the unification of the major tribes of Jurchen.
In A.D. 16 16, Nuerhachi established the "Dajin Kingdom", which was called Houjin in history. Obviously, Nurhachi tried to restore the Jin State, which was established by Hong Yan in the past.
In AD 1635, Huang Taiji changed the clan name to Manchu clan. In the second year, Huang Taiji changed the title of "Daikin" to "Daqing". At this point, the Qing Dynasty was established.
During the reign of Nurhachi and Huang Taiji, they actively wooed the ministries of Monan Mongolia and constantly married Horqin Mongolia, gaining their recognition. Then he defeated Li Dan Khan, the last leader of the golden family, and began to rule Monan Mongolia.
1644, the Qing army entered the customs and entered the Central Plains. Monan Mongolia completely surrendered to the rule of the Qing Dynasty. However, the representative of Moxi Mongolia, Junggar Khanate, was very unhappy.
Under the leadership of galdan, Junggar Khanate unified Moxi Mongolia and Mobei Mongolia to compete with the Qing Dynasty. It was not until 1757 that the Junggar khanate was completely pacified during the Qianlong period. Since then, the whole of Mongolia has become the rule of the Qing Dynasty.