In the history of the Chinese nation's existence and continuation, the figure of the dragon has always accompanied and influenced the national culture and even the generation and development of the national character with its unique spiritual strength, so it was honored as a symbol of the Chinese nation. In Fu Xi Kao written by Mr. Wen Yiduo, "It takes snakes as the main body, and accepts the feet of animals, the hair of horses, the tail of raccoons, the horns of deer, the claws of dogs, the scales and whiskers of fish as one." But its form belongs to legend. Dragon is the totem of the ancestors of Huaxia nationality. At the end of clan society, there were dozens of tribal totems. After long-term merger, only the "Phoenix clan" and the "snake clan" existed. It is said that the totem of Wuyi nationality at that time was Xiaolong (snake clan). According to legend, Wuyishan is the place where the Guyue people live, and the Yue people have their surname. Its ancestor is Wuyu, the illegitimate son of Shao Kang in Xia Dynasty, and later it was called Wuyi. Wuyi, a nation of Wuyi, moved in from Jiangxi and other places, and some people said that Wuyi was originally nothing but a water god. Professor Zhuang Wanfang thinks: "These legends are related to the name of Wuyi, and Wuyi tea is also related to the name of oolong tea. According to the note in Shuo Wen Jie Zi,' Tea is bitter tea, and it comes from Yu Sheng. Tea is now tea, pronounced as Yu, so Wuyi tea was called Wuyu in ancient times, which refers to black fish and symbolizes oolong. Therefore, there is a certain basis for calling Wuyi tea oolong tea in ancient times. [According to Zhuang Wanfang's Essays on the History of Chinese Tea and Textual Research on the Famous Oolong Tea]. The image of the dragon and its implication were originally created by the people. However, in China culture, it parted ways because of the two ends of secularization. While the feudal rule was increasingly strengthened, the dragon originally had the historical power to dominate people's destiny, which was further exaggerated and even respected, and was introduced into the court. The supreme ruler claimed to be the "real dragon son of heaven". The dragon is endowed with the goodness of God, but it is also regarded as a mascot that can bring happiness to people. The so-called "Dragon and Phoenix Becoming Auspicious" and "Dragon Tuanfeng Cake" named after the dragon abound, which shows that China people have a special love for it. The dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation, and ancient emperors claimed to be the embodiment of the dragon, claiming that the items used by the real dragon emperor were precious. Often, "dragon" is used as the title or patterns are used to show the respect of Wan Cheng, so it seems logical that oolong tea is named Oolong in combination with its appearance. Beiyuan Dragon Tea was mentioned in Things Jiyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Taizong sent an envoy to make dragon and phoenix tea to avoid drinking. In Song Dynasty, Beiyuan tribute tea was called Dragon Group, although its grades were different, it was still described by the word dragon. In the Ming Dynasty, after the Dragon Troupe was changed to Sancha, it also followed the name of Beiyuan Dragon Troupe. The name of oolong tea can only be evolved from the Long Tuan Feng Bing Gong Tea in the Song Dynasty, because after the Long Tuan changed to loose tea, the tea was dark in color after sun-drying, frying and baking. (Also known as Dragon) Later, in order to show the preciousness of Wuyi tea, merchants used Oolong as a trademark. After it sold well in the market, it was collectively called Oolong tea, which was translated as Oolong Tea. [See Zhang Tianfu's "Selected Works of Zhang Tianfu"]. There are several opinions about why "Oolong" is the name of tea, and when oolong tea was named in history:. Named after a place name: Some people think that the name of oolong tea is related to a place name. The earliest connection between oolong and tea was mentioned in Dragon Gathering by Liu Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty in the 11th century: "Today, the first tea drinker takes the gully source as the top, and notes as the sun, and the real peak, Minkeng, Shuang Gang, oolong, Yandang, Guzhu, Shuangjing, Yashan, Yuelu and Tianzhu are produced, although the tongue flags and guns are numbered. Ten famous teas, such as Ri Zhu, described in "Long Yun Ji", are absolutely exquisite, but they are not as beautiful as Heyuan tea. Heyuan was a baked name of Beiyuan in Jianzhou at that time. The Japanese note is in Pingshui, Shaoxing, Shuang Gang is along the mountain in Jiangxi, Yandang is in Kuocang Mountain in southern Zhejiang, Shuangjing is in Xiushui, Yashan is in Xuancheng, Anhui, Yuelu is in Changsha, Hunan, Guzhu is in Changxing, Zhejiang, Tianzhu is in Shucheng, Anhui, and Minkeng is in Jiuhuashan, Anhui. However, where the real peak and oolong are remains to be examined. The names of place names in China are called "Wulong", such as Wulong River in Fuzhou, Wulong Lake in Lushan and Wulongling in Jiande, Zhejiang, which have existed since ancient times. However, whether the name of oolong tea originated from place names has not been confirmed yet. At that time, the technology of collecting and processing oolong tea had not yet appeared. It was not the present oolong tea, but a kind of tea named after the name of its place of origin. It can be seen that tea has the name of oolong for nearly a thousand years, which has a long history and deserves attention. Named after tea varieties. Wuyi tea tree group variety has always been called "vegetable tea". Tea trees named after tea tree varieties, such as Wuyi Wulong, may have been transplanted by the ancients long ago. After the introduction of tea trees, many different varieties of Dan Cong or famous cluster were carefully selected by monks. In 1937, Zhuang Canzhang transplanted soft-branch oolong from Su Long, an Anxi native, to Jian 'ou in the Survey of Anxi Tea Industry. After planting, local tea farmers thought that its varieties were excellent, so they propagated and cultivated it, and named the tea varieties after Su Long's homonym, and made tea products also known as oolong tea. In 1942, Xinzhi of Chong 'an County said that Wuyi oolong tea tree system was transplanted from Jian 'ou, which is the saying that oolong tea (variety) came from Anxi. Named after Chengcha: Shi Hongbao's Miscellaneous Notes on Fujian (1857) "There are many famous brands of Jiancha tea, which is called Wuyi in my hometown (Hangzhou). There are only flowers, races, and famous species in Fujian customs. The famous species are the highest, the races are the second, and the flowers are the second. Recently, it is still an oolong produced by Shaxian County, which is said to be above the famous species, such as a sparrow tongue and a lotus nut. " Longtuanfengbing is the predecessor of oolong tea. If you want to talk about the formation and development of oolong tea, you must first trace back to Beiyuan tea. Beiyuan tea is the origin of early tribute tea in Fujian and the most famous tea after the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the tea in Jianzhou Beiyuan was famous all over the world. The important finished product of Beiyuan tea is Longtuanfeng cake, but there are few historical records and researchers about the nature of its raw materials. According to common sense, the raw materials before being pressed into dumplings are collected from the new shoots of tea trees. According to the tea-picking poem sent by Huang Furan to Lu Yu, "... far from the upper cliff, the cloth leaves are warm in the spring breeze. The surplus basket is slanting in the daytime, ... " According to the analysis of Professor Zhuang Wanfang, a tea expert, "It will take a day to harvest a basket of fresh leaves, and the tea leaves will be shaken in the basket and steamed at night. This kind of raw material has become partially red invisibly, and its essence is semi-fermented, which is the so-called oolong tea category. Zhuang Wanfang believes that we can analyze some poems left over from ancient times and get a general idea. " For example, Fan Zhongyan's "Tea Fighting Song": "In the end, the surplus baskets were collected." Bai Yuchan's "Water Tune Song Tou Yong Tea": "Take the branches and tongues, bring dew and smoke to grind, and knot the Ziyun pile, lightly move the gold mill. Flying green dust. The old dragon regiment is really a phoenix marrow. If you point to the future, you will taste it in a rabbit's milligram, and your tongue will return. " At that time, the author described the collection and processing of Longtuanfeng cake and the tea soup it tasted. "The flavor is fragrant forever, and the taste of the tongue is back", just like the characteristics of Wuyi rock tea now. "Que Tongue with branches" (of course, not today's delicate bud leaves) is steamed, and when there is smoke in the heat, it is mashed and piled up like a pile of Ziyun, which may indicate that the bottom of the leaves is half red and half green. After mashing, it is piled up, and like the "post-fermentation" now, the leaves turn purple, which was also called "purple bamboo shoots" by the ancients, and then it is pressed into a mold to become a dragon group chicken cake. According to Professor Zhuang's analysis, the origin of oolong tea should be in the era of "Dragon and Phoenix Prosperity" in Beiyuan in Song Dynasty. Poets in the former dynasty vividly described the essence of oolong tea raw materials by "making a pile of ziyun" in the process of making tea. Concise words provide valuable information. According to the current scientific classification point of view, green tea is called non-fermented tea because its enzyme activity is inhibited and it does not produce fermentation; It is called black tea to promote the full enzymatic oxidation of bud leaves, and the bud leaves turn red, which is completely fermented; Bud leaves are partially oxidized to purple or brown, and those between red and green tea are called oolong tea. The development of tea should be oolong tea before black tea. Zhuang Wanfang said: "It's a vivid description of the essence of raw materials of oolong. Refined words provide valuable information for the development of oolong tea. Therefore, Beiyuan tea is the predecessor of oolong tea, which is indeed scientifically based. " Therefore, to study the formation and development of Fujian oolong tea, we must first trace back to Beiyuan Longfeng tea. Beiyuan Longtuanfeng cake tea is the earliest tribute tea in Fujian and the most famous tea after the Song Dynasty, and it is the predecessor of Fujian oolong tea.