Improve the fertility of cultivated land. Carry out directional cultivation of cultivated land quality in high-standard grain fields and continuously improve the basic fertility of cultivated land. In areas with perfect farmland infrastructure and sufficient irrigation water, we will focus on popularizing the technology of rapid crushing and returning straw to the field; In areas where straw is not directly returned to the field, the technology of straw mulching composting and rapid biological decomposition composting should be popularized; In the black soil area of Jiang Sha, southern Henan Province, the technology of straw returning to field and increasing organic fertilizer application is mainly promoted, while in paddy field area, the technology of increasing organic fertilizer application and green manure returning to field is mainly promoted. Continue to cooperate with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to build high-yield and high-efficiency modern agricultural demonstration projects, tap the production potential of cultivated land, and improve the efficiency of resource utilization.
Strengthen the construction of disaster monitoring and early warning system. Highlight drought and waterlogging prevention and pest control, effectively strengthen the construction of service system and respond scientifically. Accelerate the construction of a monitoring and forecasting system for major pests and diseases, build a remote visual consultation system for agricultural conditions, improve the drought-resistant service system, improve the agro-meteorological service system and the rural meteorological disaster prevention system, strengthen the construction of an automatic monitoring network for agro-meteorological disasters and an artificial precipitation enhancement and hail suppression operation network, build an early warning and evaluation system for agro-meteorological disasters, and enhance the province's ability to prevent natural disasters in grain production.
(2) Strengthening the innovation and popularization of agricultural science and technology. Earnestly increase agricultural scientific research achievements and agricultural technology popularization, promote the combination of agriculture, science and education and Industry-University-Research cooperation, give full play to the role of modern agricultural industrial technology system, accelerate scientific and technological innovation and application of achievements, and focus on solving key technical problems that affect the sustained and stable development of grain production.
Accelerate the construction of modern crop seed industry system. Fully implement the Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Modern Crop Seed Industry (Guo Fa [2011] No.8), formulate the seed industry development plan, focus on improving the scientific and technological innovation ability, enterprise competitiveness, seed supply guarantee ability and market supervision ability of crop seed industry, and accelerate the construction of modern crop seed industry system. Strengthen the breeding of new varieties of grain crops and the innovation of germplasm resources, and build a national innovation base for wheat and corn breeding. Accelerate the construction of standardized seed breeding bases in Hainan and northwest China, and create conditions for improved seed breeding, seed production and ensuring the safety of seed supply. Support the development of 10 seed enterprises with large scale, strong strength and good growth, enhance their core competitiveness, and build a modern crop seed industry group with integrated breeding, reproduction and promotion. By 2020, 8- 10 breakthrough varieties with independent intellectual property rights will be newly cultivated, and the main grain crop varieties will be upgraded twice, and the coverage rate of improved varieties will reach 100%.
Accelerate technology integration. Focusing on wheat, corn, rice and other major food crops, we will carry out research on the integration of high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques, establish a technology integration model with a yield per mu of more than 1000 kg, and formulate sub-regional technical regulations and field management opinions. Vigorously implement agricultural science and technology popularization projects such as high-yield grain science and technology project, seed project and organic matter improvement of cultivated land, and popularize advanced practical technologies such as deep tillage and subsoiling, no-tillage machine sowing of summer corn, specialized pest control, soil testing and formula fertilization. Popularize and apply technologies such as agricultural adaptation to climate change, efficient utilization of agricultural climate resources and agro-meteorological service guarantee, and enhance the scientific and technological support capacity of high-standard grain fields.
Strengthen technical guidance services. Organize 100 provincial experts, 1000 municipal scientific and technical personnel and 10000 county and township technical personnel, set up four-level expert technical service teams at the provincial, city, county and township levels, and carry out in-depth activities to increase grain through science and technology. Vigorously carry out technical training, comprehensively implement a series of training projects such as green certificate training, new farmer training, spark science and technology training, "Sunshine Project" and "Rain and Dew Plan", focusing on cultivating large grain growers, planting experts and farmers' cooperative organizations, and comprehensively improve farmers' scientific farming ability. Strengthen the capacity building of agricultural technology popularization at county level, improve the agricultural technology popularization system, and accelerate the technology popularization and achievement transformation. Seed enterprises should, in accordance with the requirements of "service follows seeds", play their role in the promotion of improved varieties and technical guidance, and accelerate the promotion of improved varieties and good laws. Make full use of modern media and agricultural technology service lines to solve the "last mile" and "last hurdle" problems of agricultural technology popularization and comprehensive information service.
(3) Promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy. Adhere to the combination of improved varieties and good methods, agricultural machinery and agronomy, and promote the integrated, efficient and standardized application of agricultural technology. Actively promote agricultural mechanization technologies such as precision sowing, deep application of chemical fertilizer, straw returning to the field and conservation tillage to reduce costs and increase efficiency and improve resource utilization. Consolidate the achievements of mechanization of wheat production, focus on strengthening weak links such as mechanized harvesting of corn, mechanized transplanting of rice and mechanized harvesting of root crops, expand coverage and accelerate the mechanization of grain production. Expand the scale of subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery, encourage and guide farmers to buy high-power, multi-functional and low-energy agricultural machinery, and promote the optimization and upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment structure. We will implement the subsidy policy for deep ploughing and subsoiling of agricultural machinery, gradually expand the area of deep ploughing and subsoiling, and strive to plough and subsoil once every three years. Innovate and improve the service mode of agricultural machinery, take agricultural machinery professional cooperatives as the carrier, and realize the effective docking of high-standard grain fields and mechanized production. By 2020, the whole production process of 60 million mu of high-standard grain fields will be mechanized.
(4) Improve the degree of agricultural organization. Adhere to and improve the basic management system in rural areas, establish a market for the circulation of land contractual management rights, encourage and support farmers to transfer land contractual management rights in the form of subcontracting, leasing, exchange, transfer, custody and joint-stock cooperation in accordance with the principles of legality, voluntariness and compensation, and promote the intensification of production and operation. Through preferential policies and funds, we will vigorously support large grain growers, actively cultivate farmers' professional cooperatives, carry out specialized and socialized services, and accelerate the transformation of agricultural development mode. Focus on increasing support for the construction of agricultural machinery plant protection professional cooperatives, promote the socialization of agricultural machinery services, and expand the ruling area of specialized pest control. By 2020, the unified service coverage rate of agricultural machinery plant protection cooperatives will reach over 80%. Encourage leading enterprises to build grain production bases, carry out order production, improve the market information system, realize the integration of production, processing and circulation, improve the level of industrialized operation, promote agricultural efficiency and drive farmers to increase their income.
(5) Do a good demonstration. Increase investment, innovate mechanism, and carry out a higher level of high-yield creation of grain crops in high-standard grain fields. Counties (cities, districts) in high-standard grain fields choose 2-3 mu of Tianwan high-standard grain, integrate technology, concentrate factors, unify soil preparation, unify varieties, unify fertilization, unify pest control, unify machine harvesting, unify technical services, and scientifically manage, so as to realize the matching of improved varieties and good methods, tap the potential of increasing production, achieve a breakthrough in yield per unit area, and play a leading role in demonstration.