1. Arts and Crafts Movement

1. The "Arts and Crafts Movement" originated in England and represents a social behavior with the idealistic idea of ??transforming society;

2. It is not a specific style, but a variety of styles coexist;

3. It advocates that artists engage in design and opposes "pure art"; advocates the combination of beauty and technology, is loyal to materials, and creates simple and practical works;

4. American designers were deeply influenced by the British Arts and Crafts Movement, and their designs were uncomplicated and less decorative;

5. United States: Gastavi: Established his own studio in New York, published the influential magazine "Artisan", advocated a simple and practical style, and the simple furniture design reminded people of the furniture style of the pioneer period;

6. United States: Wright: Master of architectural design, comprehensive use of Eastern and Western influences, with skills in using pure natural materials, harmonious integration of architecture and environment; representative works include "Fallingwater" and "Guggenheim Museum".

2. Neoclassicism

1. "Neoclassicism" is an art style that refers to an art style popular in Europe from the end of the 18th century to the 19th century, which pursues the qualities of sublimity, solemnity, simplicity, elegance, and moderation, as well as "noble simplicity and majestic grandeur." With retro interest;

2. Background: In Europe before the 18th century, Baroque and Rococo styles were prevalent. Their complicated decorations and precious metal inlays gradually aroused people's disgust. The excavation of the Roman Pompeii ruins triggered an upsurge in the study of classical art in Europe;

3． Architecture: Pursue the simplicity, independence and integrity of the building shape, simplicity of details, conformity of form to structural logic, and reduce purely decorative components, showing people's yearning for rationality;

4. Furniture: Good at designing simple and practical forms, and is the forerunner of modern furniture design.

3. Art Nouveau

1. "Art Nouveau" is an art style that covers the time from about 1880 to 1910. It is a decorative art movement in Europe. Belgium and France are the birthplaces. In Italy it is called "Liberty Style"; in Germany it is called "Youth Style"; in France it is called "Art Nouveau"; in Austria it is called "Sensation Style"; in Spain it is called "Modern Style". Art Nouveau is a transitional style and an intermediary link from traditionalism to modernism

2. Motives: First, break with historicism and break old traditions; second, draw a clear line with naturalism and oppose rigid imitation;

3. Involving architecture, furniture, interior decoration, daily necessities, clothing, book bindings, illustrations, posters, etc., we conduct comprehensive designs and strive to create a new era style.

4． It advocates drawing inspiration from the natural world, using various animal and plant patterns as decorative themes, and mostly using abstract curves symbolizing organic forms as decorative patterns, showing an aesthetic appeal of intricate curves, rich in dynamic rhythm, delicate and elegant.

5. Belgian Art Nouveau: Wilder: Dean of the Bauhaus School of Design, his works have beautiful and moderate decorative expressions and simple and reasonable functional structures;

Vidoc Horta: Art Nouveau The master often used intertwined and spirally twisted lines in architecture and interior design, called "Belgian lines" or "whip lines";

6. French Art Nouveau: the pursuit of gorgeous and elegant style, the product of classicism and symbolism, representing the "Group of Six", the most representative work is the Paris subway design, commonly known as "Metro Style";

7． Austrian Art Nouveau Movement: Vienna Secession, the core figure Hoffmann, mostly used straight lines, focused on geometric shapes, simple and modern.

Four. Art Deco Movement

1. The "Art Deco Movement" originated from the "Paris International Exhibition of Modern Industrial Decorative Arts" held in Paris in 1925. This movement developed at the same time as the modernist design movement;

2. It is an extension of the Arts and Crafts Movement and the Art Nouveau Movement, and is also the decorative activity of designers after accepting mechanization and new materials to adapt to mass production; including multiple fields;

3. Like to use straight lines and symmetrical abstract forms, extremely glossy materials, colors with strong color effects, and also use new materials such as machinery, reinforced concrete, synthetic resin, tempered glass;

4. United States: combined with popular culture, luxurious, exaggerated, charming and grotesque;

Representative figure: Paul Fulkland: Representative works: "Empire State Building", "Rockefeller Center", "Chrysler Building".

5. Art Revolution

1. Cubism: emphasizes the connection with mechanical aesthetics and geometric composition.

2． Futurism: The worship of machinery establishes its place in modern design.

6. Russian Constructivism

1. Pursuing a language that is in line with the spirit of industrial society, praising machine production, admiring mass production and industrial materials, advocating the use of industrial spirit to transform society; constructivists call themselves art engineers;

2. It has had a huge and far-reaching impact on modern design, and Bauhaus teaching has been deeply affected by it;

3. Representative: Malevich

Tatlin: "Monument to the Third International", created in 1919, is a simple spiraling geometric shape, expressing firm and upward political beliefs.

Seven. De Stijl

1. The international modern art movement centered in the Netherlands, active from 1917 to 1931, began with Cubism and eventually became a pure abstract movement; the genre originated from the magazine "Style";

2. The application of abstract geometric shapes and strong colors to divide space and seek the basic laws of harmony has greatly impacted the traditional fine arts and decorative arts; it expresses the universal harmony and order of nature and nature, and explores the laws hidden by the appearance of things;

3． Representative figure: Rietveld: Dutch design master, whose main works are "Red and Blue Chair", "Coffee Table" and "Berlin Chair". The works feel very hard and even uncomfortable. They use the simplest shapes and original colors to express profound emotions. The concept of modeling is both a product and a sculpture. It is also a model of abstraction and a milestone in modernist design.

8. Streamlined design

1. Streamlining is originally an aerodynamic term used to describe the shape of an object with a rounded surface and smooth lines. This shape can reduce wind resistance when the object moves at high speed. In industrial design, it is a styling language that symbolizes speed and the spirit of the times, and is widely used in the design of automotive appliances;

2. Popular in the United States, it mostly adopts the form of smooth appearance and smooth lines. It is a "teardrop" language style; it is full of strong flavor of the times, is in the same line with modernism and symbolism, and expresses the praise of technology and speed. Many streamlined designs are entirely due to their symbolic meaning and have no functional meaning.

Nine. Corporate identity design

1. Closely related to packaging design, different logos on the market mean different companies;

2. Trademarks are the core of corporate identity design and are used on every product, from products to advertisements;

3. Behrens: The first person to implement this design.

10. Avant-garde design

1. Avant-garde design is a French term that describes artists who surpass contemporaries’ understanding and design concepts;

2. It has a huge influence in the history of design, guiding new trends of the times and constantly innovating new styles.

National Day Anti-Design Movement

1. Founded in Italy in 1960, it is a design movement and a radical design model that resists the mainstream;

2 ． Reject the rational elements of modern movements and try to realize the expression of personal creativity in design;

3. Reject the spread of conservatism, commit to spontaneity, creativity, and constructiveness, and promote diversity rather than simplicity;

4. Representative: Italian "Memphis", furniture design.

Twelve high-tech styles

1. An industrial design style that adopts high and new technologies and strives to express new technologies in aesthetics;

2. It was fully used in architecture and became popular in the 1960s and 1970s;

3. Its "minimum decoration" and "excessive reflection of technology and the times" appear cold and lack human touch;

4. Representative: "Pompidou National Center for Arts and Culture", built in 1976, Paris, France.

Memphis Design Pompidou National Center for Arts and Culture

Thirteen Pop Design

1. It emerged in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and spread to Europe and the United States, becoming popular , popular and popular meaning, representing the popular taste, pursuing formal alienation and entertainment in industrial design, and reflecting the optimism of the economic boom period;

2. Break the boundaries between art and life, break all traditional aesthetic concepts; break the overly serious, cold, and single look of industrial design after World War II, and replace it with humorous, humane and diversified designs;

3 ． Utilize ready-made industrial and commercial products, transform and process them, and then reassemble them to give them a certain social and ideological meaning, thus forming new works of art;

4. Carry out bold exploration and innovation, showing unprecedented exaggerated, strange and imaginative shapes; simple and bright colors; plastic or cheap fiberboard, ceramics, etc. are mostly used as materials;

5. The market target is the youth group, which caters to the unruly and cynical life attitude of modern youth and their consumption mentality of seeking new and different things and throwing away after use;

6. Pop design has a profound influence and laid the foundation for the development of post-modern art. Subsequent light effect art, illusion art, Eastern mysticism, and spaceism were all influenced by it;

7. Fashion industry: miniskirts designed by British Mary Quite, French cosmic suits by Gouhage; furniture industry: cheap, bright, and bizarre furniture designed by Colan, Mudosh's fiberboard chairs with English letters as decorative patterns; Roger Ding's toy-like blow-molded chairs; eye-catching Pop style also appears in packaging, book binding, advertising and other graphic designs.

8． Representative masters: artist Richard Hamilton, sculptor Bao Luoch, artist Andy Warhol

Fourteenth International Style

1. The concept was proposed in 1931, mainly Used in the construction field;

2. The International Style transcends national boundaries and combines functionality, technology and geometric language to produce modernist aesthetics;

3. In the 1920s and 1930s, the International Style of architecture and interior design was embodied by geometric formalism , steel, glass, etc. were widely used; later sculptural elements and organic elements were combined to humanize the International Style; inhuman materials and exposed rough gray cement surfaces and rigid geometric forms were also used;

4. In the 1980s, postmodernism sounded the death knell of the International Style.

15th Postmodernism

1. The value orientation of "postmodernism" is less construction and more deconstruction; its characteristics are: historicism,

decorativeism, eclecticism and entertainment;

2. First reflected in the architectural world, American architect Venturi proposed "less is boring" in "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" published in 1966, emphasizing the need to pay attention to the popular taste of the public; British architect Charles Jenks most recently First put forward the concept of "postmodernism";

3. Pay attention only to the form and content of the design, and seek bright and eye-catching colors and sensational display effects;

4. Representative works: American Telegraph and Telephone Building, Plaza Italia, New Orleans

Sixteen Bauhaus Movement Functional Design Radical Design Functionalism Deconstruction Green Design (omitted)

Summary: Today, products Design is closely connected with the background of the times. Whether it is structure, shape, color, or decoration, it will be deeply marked by the times. Design products help us understand this era and understand people's dreams, wishes, yearnings, disappointments, and hidden inner feelings. Hope; Design is no longer just the need for functions and technical standards. It also expresses social philosophical thoughts, ideologies and complex cultural phenomena. It expresses the progress of human civilization in a material way.