Introduction: Chinese characters, as a unique traditional culture, have been melted into the blood of the Chinese people. Effective literacy teaching is not only a tool to access the ocean of knowledge, but also enhances children's love for the motherland's language and understanding of culture, and promotes the development of students' good character and willpower. In literacy teaching, literacy teaching in lower grades is the focus and difficulty of Chinese teaching in lower grades. What are the specific methods for teaching literacy in the first grade?
1. Make up rhymes, children's songs, and rhymes
For example: when learning the word "Quan", make it into "A person's surname is Wang". When learning the word "金", I made it up: "A person named Wang has two candies in his pocket." When learning "from", students are told to "follow one person after another".
2. Riddles
Lower grade students are very curious and like to guess riddles, so when I teach, I compile riddles based on the characteristics of literacy for students to guess. For example, when learning "out", it is compiled into "What is it after climbing over one mountain after another?" You can also let students use their brains to make up their own riddles based on the glyphs. For example, when learning "dog", the students made up a riddle: "A puppy holds a piece of meat in its mouth." This kind of teaching method makes students interested and remembers it firmly.
3. The glyph "little magic"
In my teaching, I took advantage of the strong curiosity of primary school students and adopted small magic teaching, which achieved good results. For example: adding a stroke to the word "木" can turn it into "书", "本" and "禾". Add two strokes to the word "力" and it becomes "为", "多", etc.
4. Chinese character "addition and subtraction" formulas
"口 jin = listen", "mother = female horse", "father-father = ba", etc. Since students are familiar with first-grade mathematics, mathematical methods can also be used to stimulate students' interest in Chinese classes.
5. Image action notation
For example: when learning "looking", let a student stand on the podium and look forward to the place with the sun. The student can't help but He put his hands over his eyes. The students immediately understood that "look" is the "hand" above the "eye".
6. Object image literacy method
For example: when learning "point", let students look at pencils, pens, tops and other objects, and let them distinguish which end is small and which end is big. Students quickly understand that "pointy" means one end is small and the other is large.
7. The same radical literacy method
For example: "hit, find, shake, hang" and other words are all next to the handle, and they are all related to "hand".
8. Literacy based on the reality of life
Language comes from life and eventually returns to life. Teaching literacy in conjunction with real life situations can not only deepen students' ability to memorize but also be of great help in the practical application of new words. Therefore, you can read and write anytime and anywhere in your life: when you walk into a drug store, you can read by looking at the packaging box of the drug store and the medicines bought by your parents; when you go to the supermarket to buy goods, you can read by reading the packaging bags; when you go shopping outside, you can read by reading the names of the shops. You can learn to read just by watching TV and watching advertisements...
9. Use the spoken language that students have mastered to quickly learn to read
During teaching, teachers should combine the actual situation of students to learn to read. For some words, teachers do not need to explain a lot to students during teaching, which will waste a lot of precious time for students. Instead, they can just read and memorize them quickly, especially some common words such as "mom, dad" and only analyze their meanings. .structure will do.
10. Organically combine literacy with reading texts
Students are unfamiliar with some words. At this time, teachers can first guide students to read the text and let students combine the sentences in the text to learn the words. If you read more in this way, students will naturally recognize the words they have learned. For example "what if" etc.
11. Classification literacy
From the perspective of the rules of Chinese character formation, there are several types such as pictograms, referring to things, knowing ideas, and pictophonetic sounds.
When teaching, if we can help students find patterns, it will not only help students improve their memorization effect, but also allow students to draw inferences from one example, expand the scope of memorization, and broaden students' horizons. When teaching, I guide students to observe carefully to discover the similarities and differences between these characters, and then classify them. Through comparison, they can use the rules of Chinese characters to learn characters.
There are many rules to follow in Chinese characters. For example: classification literacy, picture literacy, etc. Some can also use word guessing methods, so that students can know more words. For example: you, bit, live, him, milk, sister, mother, etc., when you learn the word "pencil", you can guess the word "pen" after learning "lead".
12. Use the image humor method to let students remember easily mistaken words
For example, when learning "tu", the teacher uses a red pen to outline the word "dog" and let the students say When asked what this point represents, students will say it is a dog's tongue or a dog biting a bone, etc.
13. Trademark lettering
When I teach, I ask students to collect various trademarks, and then use the trademarks to run tabloids, organize group exchanges, and learn each other's characters.
In short, in teaching, teachers should choose different teaching methods according to the actual situation of students, so as to receive good teaching results.