Intellectual property pledge financing is an innovative credit type to solve the difficulties faced by SMEs in financing, such as high loan threshold, difficult financing and expensive financing. It is mainly a financing mode in which the legally owned intellectual property rights such as patents, trademarks and copyrights are used as collateral, and the bank provides loans according to a certain pledge rate after the value is evaluated by an evaluation agency.
In fact, intellectual property pledge financing has been very common in developed countries in Europe and America, but it is still in its infancy in China. Although the government has issued relevant policies to support it, the overall effect is still not significant. The main reasons also lie in several aspects:
The intellectual property system is not perfect, and the pledge value is difficult to evaluate. The system of intellectual property evaluation in China is not perfect, and there is a lack of unified technical norms and management norms, which makes the evaluation value have certain differences.
Commercial banks don't pay the bill. The pledge financing of commercial banks is mainly aimed at tangible assets. Whether to provide loans depends on the pledged value of tangible assets, while intellectual property rights belong to intangible assets. When banks pledge intellectual property rights, all their standards are based on the evaluation system of tangible assets, which will affect the preparation and effectiveness of the results. In addition, intangible assets are more risky, so only a few banks pay the bill.
Government support is not enough. For the development of intellectual property pledge financing, the government has also given some financial support. However, due to the risk of depreciation at any time after the intellectual property pledge loan, banks usually raise the loan interest rate to reduce the bank risk. In this way, even with government subsidies or incentives, the financing cost of SMEs has increased, making many SMEs forced to give up.
Small and medium-sized enterprises in the initial stage and growth and expansion period have less fixed assets, a high proportion of intangible assets and a great demand for financing. If we only rely on traditional banking institutions to provide financing services, I believe it will take a long time to wait, which may eventually make enterprises miss the best development period.
Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises can find institutions with intellectual property as the main pledge to carry out intellectual property pledge financing. They have established a perfect evaluation system and risk control system around the intellectual property trading chain, which can further transform and apply intellectual property rights and thoroughly open up financing channels.