# Courseware # Introduction Courseware itself is a reflection of the author's comprehensive quality, which shows the producer's grasp of the direction of education, teaching and textbook reform, understanding of classroom teaching and understanding of modern educational technology. Therefore, when designing courseware, teachers must thoroughly understand the teaching content and design teaching plans for courseware. The following is the sixth grade Chinese "Liu Yang" courseware of Hunan Education Edition, which is arranged and shared. Welcome to read and learn from it. I hope it helps you!

The first teaching goal

1. Understand the content of the text, experience the selection of materials, conceive characteristics and taste the language.

2. Make it clear that the main idea of the article is to express an ordinary and simple life truth and satirize those who pursue fame and wealth and are corrupt.

3. The application of experience contrast in the article.

teaching process

First, import

Willow is an ordinary tree. It is not as tall and straight as pine trees, nor as tall and straight as poplars. Without the charm of flowers. But throughout the ages, it has become an enduring ode of literati. Because willow has a unique meaning in classical poetry. Liu and Liu are homophones. So it is often used in parting poems. There is a famous sentence about Liu in Liu Yong's Rain Sound, such as Xiao Feng Canyue. Today, let's take a look at the willows written by Feng Zikai, a modern writer, painter and literary translator.

Second, the analysis of the first paragraph

1. Read the first paragraph of the text and think about whether the author likes willows.

Clear: There are many willows in the author's paintings, which shows that the author should like willows.

2. Did the author clearly explain why he likes willow?

Clear: No, the author has talked about his feelings for willow from the perspective of "someone said" many times. The reason why the author likes willows is not that some people think he likes willows on purpose. The author likes willow by accident, because he planted a willow near his home in the past year and named it "Xiaoliuwu". The reason why the author doesn't make it clear is that he actually likes willows very occasionally and often. Maybe in the eyes of others, this can't be a reason.

3. How to understand the "so" in "It's always like this in the world"?

Qing: It means that I draw a lot of willows, so people say I like willows. From here to there, the author thinks about what is happening in the world and realizes some phenomena in reality. In reality, people often make unfounded guesses about certain things.

Three. Analysis of the second paragraph

1. The author can't name one reason for liking willow, but he can also name hundreds of elegant and profound reasons for liking willow for catering. It's just that the former conforms to fate and respects nature. The latter is deliberately attached.

2. The second paragraph "It's always the case in the world". What do you mean by "so" here?

Clear: "So" means that the author can make excuses for his feelings for willow, so he can make excuses for liking willow. What about the others? In reality, there are indeed many people who try their best to find excuses, excuses, prevarications and blame for their words and deeds or mistakes. The author thinks this is too melodramatic. The author pays attention to nature and truth, that is, "following fate". Just like his relationship with Liu Yang, there are many reasons for "deliberately becoming attached", but this runs counter to the author's outlook on life. Because he doesn't want to "do as the Romans do", he just wants to "follow the fate".

Four. Analysis of the third paragraph

1. In order to illustrate his idea of "following fate", the author also made an analogy. Let's look at the third paragraph. What analogy is used?

Clear: "Maybe I used to ... wear black socks". "Wearing black socks" means that I don't like black very much. I just bought a pair. Similarly, the relationship between "I" and willow is also the same. Not as the secular understanding, but just "fate".

2. What other plants besides willows are written in the third paragraph?

Clear: Why write "Wei Zi", "Red Apricot", "Peony" and "Peony"?

Introduction: In the author's opinion, what are these flowers like? Clear: flashy. They are valuable not because they are special, but because they are rare.

3. Is the willow tree like this?

Clear: No, willow has practical value and is very common. Therefore, the function of writing other flowers here is to use the splendor of these flowers to reflect the simplicity of the village willow. It can be seen that the author advocates the natural and simple style. Here is to pave the way for the next praise of willow.

4. From which paragraph does this text praise Liu Yang?

Clear: the fourth paragraph. If I were to praise a plant now, I would still praise the willow. It can be seen that the text only enters the topic of Liu Zan from the fourth paragraph, so what are the first three paragraphs written?

Clear: The first three paragraphs pave the way for the following direct praise of Liu. This part doesn't clearly show that it likes willow, but it seems to belittle reality, with mixed opinions and vague feelings. It seems to be off topic, but it is everywhere. Pen and pen can't be ignored. It is mentioned in the article that "I have many willows in my painting" and the house is named "Xiaoliulou", which shows that it is predestined with willows, but this kind of opportunity cannot be attached to it, and it can only be fate. Otherwise, it's just like writing flowers, as real as unreal, close to each other. The author praises the natural and unpretentious style, just like the willow tree.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) analysis of paragraphs 4-6,

1. Let the students read paragraphs 4-6 and think about what features the author praised about the willow.

Clear: "cheap" and "drooping"

2. Why can these two characteristics be used as reasons to praise the willow?

Clear: look at the "base" first. What does the author think is "cheap" and "expensive"

Clear: "expensive" and "cheap" are given figurative meaning by the author here. The original meaning of "expensive" is high price or superior position. In this paper, it refers to food and high status. The original meaning of "base" is cheap or low status. In this paper, it means not eating, eating less, or eating second, because you don't care about personal gains and losses, which makes life thin and depressed. These are two different outlooks on life and the world. What the author praises is the tenacious vitality and unrequited dedication of willow.

3. Let's look at "drooping". Unlike willows, most other plants develop upward. "Even the following ... is pitiful!" What is the author's evaluation of other plants?

Clear: This sentence is ironic for those who dominate others and forget the fundamental success. This sentence also sets off the valuable qualities of willow "high but able to descend" and "high without forgetting its roots" from the opposite side. It reminds people that there are many high-flying and pleasure-seeking moths in society, and they forget the root causes.

All the above are used to embody the characteristics of willow and praise willow. Willow is a kind of plant, but it is endowed with human quality and spirit in the author's works. The author praised the ordinary and simple quality of willow. The willow asks nothing but dedication, which is its "meanness". It does not covet its own glory, but "does not forget its roots", which is its "drooping". The quality of willow "high and able to descend" is commendable. As a man, we should learn this spirit.

5. What is this writing technique from plants to people?

Clear: Lenovo. The author thought of not forgetting the fundamental spirit from the low posture of willows. From trees to people, the theme is deepened. It is the way to be a man to drink water and think of the source and know how to repay one's kindness. However, many people in life are kicking down the bridge, or even hitting people when they are down. The author's narrative contains accusations against these phenomena. The author endows willow with subjective feelings, and uses willow as a metaphor to satirize some arrogant people in real life.

An analysis of paragraphs 7-8 by intransitive verbs

1. There have been many works about willows since ancient times. People often regard willow as a symbol of spring. What does the author think is the reason for taking willow as spring?

Clear: The author thinks that the drooping beauty of willow is in harmony with the quiet and beautiful spring, so it is the spokesman of spring. Since ancient times, scholars have often praised spring with the theme of Vitamin, but the author explains "willow is spring" from a new angle, that is, the humility shown by willow's "drooping", and understands that the earth is the source of its life. Therefore, "high without forgetting" can best symbolize the spirit of spring.

2. Where does the author think is the place to enjoy willow? Is it in the West Lake? Why?

Clear: The existence of willow is natural and unique. It is not noble because it was born in the West Lake, nor humble because it grew up in the countryside. It is unpretentious, because its unpretentious author thinks it is noble; It is flexible and powerful, and it is precisely because of its tenacity that the author thinks it is particularly cute. The author not only praises the willows in the West Lake, but also loves the willows that can be seen everywhere on the plain land.

Seven, the rhetorical devices of this article.

It mainly uses rhetorical devices such as parallelism, metaphor, contrast and personification to enhance the appeal of the article.

For example, in the second paragraph, "Or I love its light yellow and green ... small waist ..." This is parallelism.

For example, "it seems that thousands of strings of bright green beads are hung" is a metaphor.

For example, the fifth paragraph "always close to your loving mother, or jump into her arms, makes people feel very cute." This is personification.

The use of these rhetorical devices makes the expression more vivid and the reasoning more thorough and incisive.

Eight, blackboard writing

Thoughts are scattered and spirits are gathered.

I like to plant willows in the house. There are many vitamin rosary willows in the painting.

(Emotional tone) Comparison of famous flowers, unpretentious, scattered and gathered.

"Expensive": Eating good food is just for viewing.

Praise Liu's "meanness": don't eat for wood and drink for water.

(contrast) towering: domineering, hateful, poor, tenacious life

Sagging: Don't forget the fundamental peace, beauty and selfless dedication.

Teaching objectives of Article 2

1. Guide students to understand the descriptions of willow, crape myrtle, red apricot and peony in China traditional culture, and feel the long and rich history and culture of China.

2. Learn the lyric grammar of this article, help students understand the attitude towards life represented by Liu Yang, and guide students to make some analysis and evaluation in combination with reality.

3. Guide students to summarize and learn writing skills according to this article.

Teaching focus

1. lyrical grammar with emotion in things.

2. Liu Yang's attitude towards life guides students to make analysis and evaluation.

Teaching difficulties

This paper compares the writing skills.

teaching method

1. Group cooperative inquiry method.

2. Discussion method.

Class arrangement

One class hour

teaching process

First, preparation before class

1. Student preparation

Students are divided into nine groups by class representatives.

The first group collected the life of the author Feng Zikai and commented on his main ideological tendency. The last eight groups respectively investigated the sources of allusions such as Little Man's Waist, Willow in Tao Yuanming's Family, Green Guest House, Tree Like, The Appearance of a Maharaja, Zhang Xu's God, Ziweilang, History of Red Apricot and Beauty Drunk in Peony, and were able to read and explain them with emotion, thinking that willow symbolizes here. "

(Grouping facilitates cooperative learning and gives full play to students' main role. Looking for the source and being able to read aloud with emotion is "accumulation, edification and comprehension". )

2. Teacher preparation

Do courseware to show the image of Feng Zikai; Show the willow images in such situations as "Little Man's Waist", "Tao Yuanming lives beside the willow", "The guest house is green", "The tree is still like this", "Wang Gong, the God of Zhang Xu, appears" and "Willow by the West Lake". Show the image of the requester of peony flowers and vines; It shows the prosperity of branches, leaves and flowers of red apricot.

Set a beautiful situation and a beautiful atmosphere. Reflect the leading role of teachers to guide students to compare (why does the author like willow? What is the difference between the love of willow and that of predecessors? What's the difference between willow and peony and vine? What's the difference between willow and leafy flowers and trees?

Second, import.

There is a kind of tree, neither strong and heroic as pine and cypress, nor tall and straight and beautiful as bamboo. Very common, in front of the house and behind the lake. But this is unusual. Throughout the ages, countless literati like it and there are countless poems and songs praising it. what kind of tree is it? Yes, it is a willow.

There is a man who is deeply influenced by Buddhism and even calls his place "Yuanyuantang". He is a painter and writer. Who is he? Yes, he is Feng Zikai. Feng Zikai also likes willow trees. So, what is the difference between the willow in Feng Zikai's eyes and the willow in others' eyes? Let's walk into Feng Zikai and his willow.

Introduce from far and near, and finally stop on the willow tree, which can catch the students' attention. It is mentioned that Feng Zikai was influenced by Buddhist thought in order to let students understand the author's mentality of liking willow: "following fate". )

Third, know the author.

The first group introduces the life of the author Feng Zikai and comments on his main ideological tendency. At the same time, the teacher plays the courseware, shows the photos of Feng Zikai, and makes appropriate supplements. )

Feng Zikai (1898─ 1975) is a modern writer, painter and literary translator. Zhejiang chongde. 19 14 entered Zhejiang No.1 Normal University, studied music and painting in Li Shutong, and graduated in19/9. 192 1 studied in Japan, 1922 returned to China to teach in chunhui middle school, Shangyu, Zhejiang. /kloc-published the first album "Kai Zi Comics" in 0/925, ranking first in chinese comic. 193 1 year Prose Collection of Tang Dynasty was published. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he taught in Zhejiang, Chongqing and other places, and then wrote at home. After liberation, he served as the chairman of China Artists Association. His works include Yuan Yuantang's Prose Collection, Tang Rewriting, Automobile Society, Frank Collection and Kai Zi's Modern Prose Collection. The main translations are Turgenev's Hunter's Notes and the Japanese classic Tale of Genji.

His prose is frank, simple, quiet and mysterious, which not only contains the contrast between human estrangement and children's innocence, but also often contains Buddhist thoughts. Because of Feng Zikai's experience and the influence of his teacher Li Shutong, the thoughts of being born and joining the WTO are also intertwined in Feng Zikai's works. Generally speaking, reading his prose can always feel a kind of quiet Zen.

Understand Feng Zikai's life and his thought of "following fate". It paves the way for understanding the sentence "I am excited at the moment" and "I will never convert".

Fourth, overall perception.

1. Students can read the text freely.

The author's language, like rambling, is not suitable for reading as a whole. Free reading is more helpful for students to understand their unadorned language and simple and natural style.

2. Read aloud and think:

(1) What do you like about this article? Why? Is it lyrical by scenery or by things? These questions are easy, so the class can answer them together.

A: This article expresses my love for willow, because it is unpretentious, willing to give, and never forgets its roots.

(2) From what angles did the author write about his love for it?

Give the students five minutes to discuss in groups, and each group will answer first, which is justified. )

One of the answers: three angles. There is an accidental fate with willow. ② Morphological beauty (external beauty) of willow. ③ The inner beauty of willow (unpretentious, not demanding, not forgetting its roots).

The second answer: two angles. (1) my relationship with willow. (Suiyuan) Praise Liu Yang' s ordinary selflessness.

V. Learning the text

1. Part I (paragraph 1-2): I have an accidental relationship with Liu Yang.

Teacher: There are deep reasons why predecessors like willow, either because they love its light yellow and green color, or because they are intoxicated, or because I love it like a waist, or because it was planted by Tao Yuanming's family, or because it appeared in farewell poems in green color, or because heroes expressed their feelings for it, or because it looked like a "prince" and a "prince".

Explain in groups, and the teacher will add:

(1) "small waist"

The poem "Technical Poetry" says: "Bai Shangshu has prostitutes, Su Fan is good at singing, and Xiao Man is good at dancing. Taste it like a poem:' cherry Su Fan mouth, willow small waist.' "Su Fan and Xiao Man are two concubines of Bai Juyi. They are good at singing "willow branches". Su Fan has a small cherry mouth and a small man has a thin waist, so Bai Juyi wrote poems to praise them. Later generations like willow, saying that its branches are as soft as a beautiful girl's waist.

(2) What Tao Yuanming planted near his home.

Tao Yuanming's Biography of Mr. Wuliu: "Sir, I don't know who, I don't know his surname." There are five willows near the house because they think they are numbered. Quiet, quiet, don't be greedy. Good reading, not asking for a solution; Whenever I know something, I will happily forget to eat. Sexual alcoholism, poor family, often can not get. I'll know when I'm getting old, so I'd better buy wine. I got drunk after drinking it. Since I retired drunk, I have not hesitated to stay. The ring is bare and can't cover the windy days; A short brown knot, an empty ladle, sudden silence! I often amuse myself by writing articles, which shows my ambition. Forget the gains and losses, and it's over. "Later generations like willow, saying that it has the spiritual temperament of Tao Yuanming who is detached from things and indifferent to fame and fortune.

(3) The guest house is green, expressing the Song of Weicheng written by Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty: "Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. I advise you to drink more wine. It makes no sense to go to Yangguan in the west. " Later generations like the willow, saying that it represents the reluctant emotion.

(4) "The tree is so"

From the words of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu": "When Huan Gong marched to Jincheng in the north, he saw Langya, surrounded by willows, and generously said,' If there is no such thing, why can't people be as good as it is!'" "Climbing the willow railing, tears streaming down my face." Huan Gong regretted seeing Liu, because Liu grew rapidly and people aged rapidly.

(5) "the posture of princes" and "the God of Zhang Xu"

Wang Gong's appearance: Wang Gong, from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is beautiful and graceful. The fourteenth time in Shi Shuo Xin Yu went back to Rong Zhi: "Some people sighed that the prince was so handsome and said,' He is like a spring willow'." "

God of Zhang Xu: Zhang Xu was born in the Southern Dynasties. Speak elegantly, not seeking fame and fortune. Seven Books of the South? The 14th Wang Sengqian preached to Zhang Xu: "Every time Emperor Song and Ming saw his feelings, he lamented their lightness." "I am forgetful of Rong Lu, and both the ruling and the opposition are expensive."

Later generations like willow, saying that it has Wang Gong's handsome figure and Zhang Xu's elegant agility.

Teacher: There are so many high-sounding, elegant and profound reasons why others like willow, but the author doesn't. He just emphasizes "following fate" rather than "becoming attached" intentionally. What kind of outlook on life is reflected? (Each group answers first)

Of course: advocating simplicity and naturalness, and opposing deliberate arrangement.

Teacher: In this part, in what way does the author write the difference between why he likes willow and why others like willow? (Each group answers first)

Confirmation: Contrast technology.

2. Part II (paragraphs 3-4): The morphological beauty of willow (external beauty).

Teacher: The author first lists Wei Zihua, who used to be Ziweilang, the red apricot that made Shangshu famous, the peony that was drunk beside the beautiful woman, or the peony that symbolizes wealth. Then, what are the allusions of Ziweilang's Wei Zihua, The Red Apricot that made Shangshu famous, and Peony that once lay beside the beauty drunk? Please say it separately.

Confirm:

(1) once told Ziweilang's Ziweihua

From Bai Juyi's poem "The Province of Straight Books": "Si Lunjun's article is quiet, and the bell and drum tower are long. Who is the companion sitting alone at dusk? Wei Zihua vs Ziweilang. "

(2) The red apricot that once made Shangshu famous.

In the Song Dynasty, Song Qi's "Spring on the Jade Tower". Song Qi's sentence "Han Xiao is lighter outside the smoke, and Man Chun is the branch of an apricot" is the most vivid, so people call it "Man Chun, the branch of an apricot, is a minister".

(3) Paeonia lactiflora, once drunk beside a beautiful woman.

From the sixty-second chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, "Han Xiangyun was drunk with peony".

Teacher: Wei Zilang's Wei Zihua, the red apricot that made Shangshu famous, the peony that once lay beside the beauty drunk, symbolizing wealth, what is the author's aesthetic feeling? Please find it in the book and draw it.

Affirmation: "They often disappoint me." "I think they are just a few plants, but they are rare and precious, and there is nothing particularly lovely about them. They don't seem to be praised like that in poetry, and they don't deserve to occupy such a lofty position among flowers and trees. "

So, in the author's eyes, what kind of aesthetic experience can Liu Yang give the author? Please find it in the book and draw it.

Affirmation: "There are thousands of bright green beads hanging on the willows on the lakeside, floating around in the warm spring breeze, and many slightly curved S lines float out. I think this plant is really beautiful and lovely, and I have to praise it. "

Teacher: In this part, the author wrote about the disappointments of sweet-scented osmanthus, red apricot, peony and peony, and Liu Yang's "true beauty and true loveliness". What technology was used? (Each group answers first)

Confirmation: Contrast technology.

3. Part III (paragraphs 5-8): The inner beauty of willow (unpretentious, not demanding, not forgetting the roots).

Teacher: This part is still compared.

(1) Discuss paragraph 5. What does the author use to compare willow to show its tenacious vitality and unrequited spirit?

Of course: compare "peony flowers eat fat intestines, grapevines eat broth, and many flowers and trees eat bean cakes".

(2) Discuss paragraph 6. The author compared the drooping of willow with the upward development of flowers and trees, and praised what character of willow?

Of course: there is another village, and I often look down on the precious character below.

(3) Discuss paragraph 7. The author wrote that "the only thing that best symbolizes the spirit of spring is weeping willows". Why?

Of course: the willow's "drooping" reflects humility. It understands that the earth is the source of its life, so "high without forgetting the roots" can best symbolize the sacred will of spring.

(4) What role does paragraph 8 play in the structure of the full text?

OK: Take care of the beginning and deepen the theme.

Six, taste the language

Read aloud repeatedly, from "it will not grow upward" to "only weeping willows can best symbolize the meaning of spring" Experience the author's easy-going and natural language full of philosophy of life and feel the author's deep love for Liu.

Seven, ideological sublimation

Students contact the life attitude represented by willow, peony, vine and upward flowers and trees, and make some analysis and evaluation in combination with reality.

Students discuss and speak.

What is certain is that those who dominate the world and never look back in the dirt will be disgusted and spurned by the people, while those who are humble, do not ask for a solution and do not forget the fundamentals will be welcomed and praised by the people.

Eight, classroom extension

1. Recommended reading: Remembering Mr. Feng (Ba Jin)

2. Appreciation of works: Liu Shu (Qu Aihong, Sinan Normal School, Guizhou Province)

3. Observe an animal and plant, and compare it with other things, and write a short essay of about 800 words.

Chapter 31, Teaching Purpose and Requirements:

1. Learn the unique technique of this article, which contains emotion in things and implication in the environment.

2. Learn how to use contrast to highlight the theme of this article.

3. Learn from Liu Yang's valuable qualities, such as not asking for anything in return, being willing to give, and not forgetting the fundamentals.

Second, the teaching focus:

Highlight the key points through comparison.

Third, the teaching difficulties:

Feelings for things, unique ideas.

Teaching AIDS: four courseware.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) teaching process;

1, quotation:

Three scientific experiments on plants

Analysis: Plants also have "joy, anger, sadness and joy". Plants are also vital, and we can't trample them at will. At the same time, let students know that there is a scientific basis for the writer to give symbolic meaning to plants. (stimulate interest)

2. Point out the symbolic colors of the following flowers and trees: (text extension)

Peach and plum-a protege (as the saying goes, "peaches and plums are all over the world" just means that there are many proteges)

Bamboo-integrity (evergreen all the year round, natural and unrestrained posture, unyielding integrity)

Lotus-Innocent (out of mud but not stained)

Chrysanthemum plum-pride (Ao Shuang blooms in late autumn, not afraid of the cold, and walks alone in early spring)

Willow-attachment (branches and leaves are as soft as silk, and when the wind blows, they are soft and fluttering)

3.① Read the text silently in a low voice (be familiar with the text)

Thinking: What spirit does the author praise willow? Bidding part

2 What should be understood: The crown next to the Thorn House is stuck with peony and converted to a lofty position.

③ Analyze 1 straight paragraph 3 and write it on the blackboard as follows: (Analyze the text)

The author and willow have a natural fate.

Meet willow by chance

Criticize the hypocrisy of the world

Fall in love with willow by accident

Criticize the grandiosity of the world

Author: frank and natural

(4) analysis of 4 straight 7 paragraphs, blackboard writing is as follows:

The author praised the willow from the heart.

Shape: bead s line

Intrinsic: not demanding but willing to pay.

Compare peony and grapes.

Don't forget the root

Compared with other flowers and trees

Willow: Simple and humble.

⑤ Inductive writing features: sharp contrast, emotion in things (integrating words).

⑥ Inductive central idea