The so-called bug chickens are chickens scattered in orchards, woodlands and beaches. They eat grass seeds, vegetable leaves and fresh high-protein animal feed such as maggots, earthworms, Tenebrio molitor and grasshoppers in the nature surrounded by mountains and trees, and eat freely. Free-range chickens have a large amount of activities and eat pollution-free feed without any drugs and hormones. Therefore, chicken meat is tender, low in fat and delicious, and contains a variety of amino acids, protein, vitamins, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients needed by human body. Insect chickens feed on high-protein five-grain insects all their lives, which enriches the "energy" of many insects and becomes the most ideal carrier for insect protein transformation. Its Ve content is 8- 10 times higher than that of chicken on the market. Insect chickens produce thick eggshells, thick egg whites and deep yolk, and the contents of calcium, iron and zinc are far higher than those sold in supermarkets. Today, people have found a natural fragrance from insect chickens. At present, bug chickens are selling well, and the market price is 1-2 times higher than that of ordinary chickens. Insect chickens are simple to raise and manage, with good resistance and strong immunity, and rarely get sick. One person can easily raise 2,000 chickens, with a net income of over 10,000 yuan.
Worm-free chickens
Now people's living standards have improved, but there are fewer and fewer things to eat. Pork is tasteless, chicken is not fragrant, and out-of-season vegetables are lighter than water ... An old expert who has been engaged in the inspection of drug residues in exported food for 40 years pointed out that according to his first-hand information, the more greenhouse vegetables and out-of-season vegetables are, the less you can eat them. He thinks there are few safe foods to eat. I remember when I was a child, my favorite foods were chicken soup and chicken legs. At that time, the fragrance of small rural Chai chicken has now become a world of difference. By chance, the author went to Hegou Village, Yinhai District, Beihai City. Insect chickens and insect ecological eggs produced and raised by a local comprehensive development farm for breeding earthworms, flies and livestock and poultry gave me a long-lost taste, and the lingering fragrance lingered for many days. Every time I think about it, I can't help singing a hymn for this "chicken": it made me taste the chicken a long time ago.
How was the bug chicken born?
The so-called bug chicken is not a new breed of chicken, but is named after the raw material-five-grain bug. On this farm, insect chickens are fed with fresh fly maggots, earthworms and pests and grow up in a cool fruit tree environment. The breeder transports maggots and culture materials to the henhouse every day, so that the chickens can eat freely. Even the water they drink is an ecological microorganism--EM water. A new generation of insect chickens was born in Hegou Ecological Farm because of the amazing reproduction speed of fly maggots, which can meet the fresh feed supply of chickens for a lifetime.
According to reports, although there is no fixed requirement for the variety selection of insect chickens, they are generally rare local chicken breeds. Such as British lady chicken, French guinea chicken, American colorful chicken, mountain black chicken and so on. Manager Jiang, the person in charge of the farm, said that such "ecological comprehensive farms" have been established in many parts of the country. In this environment, insect chickens enjoy the delicious food given by farmers and grow naturally.
Insect chicken, it eats the original flavor, it wants nutrition.
Insect active protein is known as "2 1 century human total nutritious food". In particular, maggot protein not only contains a large number of chitin, antimicrobial peptide defensins and lectins that have special effects on human body; It is also rich in nine essential amino acids, protein, free amino acids, vitamins, mineral elements, unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients, which are easy to absorb and transform. In addition, it also contains major mineral elements such as calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium. Trace mineral elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, selenium, boron and iodine. What's the charm of bug chicken? According to experts, insect chickens feed on high-protein five-grain insects all their lives, enriching the "energy" of many insects and becoming the most ideal carrier for insect protein transformation. Its most attractive feature lies in its nutritional value. It is rich in vitamin E, and its content is 8- 10 times higher than that of chicken on the market. Now the farm has begun to register the trademark of the bug chicken, and choose Hegou chicken as breeding chicken to feed and develop the bug chicken and ecological egg products for the market.
Stocking technology of forest free-range chickens
Using the ecological environment of forest areas, the production mode of raising chickens or laying hens to identify male chicks is becoming more and more popular, that is, keeping them in the forest, freely eating insects and weeds, supplemented by artificial supplementary feeding of mixed concentrate, and boarding in the house at night. Because of the fresh air and pollution-free water source in mountainous areas, a large number of insects and natural weed seeds are eaten, so the feed consumption of chickens is low and the cost is low. The stocking technology of forest free-range chickens is briefly described as follows:
1. Good site selection and complete facilities.
The breeding of forest free-range chickens is generally selected at the junction of natural secondary forest and forest grassland. There is no pollution source around the hen house site, facing the sun and leeward, with high terrain, sufficient water, good water quality, convenient water intake and easy drainage.
Chicken coops and playgrounds: In order to raise chickens, it is necessary to maintain enough heat preservation chicken coops with an area of 100/m2. The structure and materials of brooding cages should be adapted to local conditions, with low cost and practicality. As long as the indoor potential is large, it is not damp or cold, the heat preservation is good, the light is sufficient, the ventilation is smooth, the cleaning and disinfection are convenient, and the rodent and wildlife can be prevented. The playground is surrounded by a plastic net, and a deep ditch more than 60 cm wide is dug outside the net to drain water and reduce the water level of the playground. The site is flat, with convenient natural drainage, and granular sand piles are piled up in the site for chickens to bathe and feed.
According to the number of chickens, do a good job in the construction of habitat sheds. After the chickens are thawed, they will enter the habitat after grazing. As long as the shelter is windproof, rainproof and sun-proof. Lying on the ground is high, the ground is easy to clean and not wet. In order to save the construction cost, more than two layers of rooster beds can be built.
Need to prepare drinking fountains and feeding troughs, each chicken should occupy 2.5 cm of drinking water level and 5 cm of feeding level. The drinking fountain and feeding trough should be smooth and light, which is convenient for manual operation of washing and disinfection.
Choose healthy chicks.
Local breeds of chickens are the best, and you can also buy laying hens in the hatchery to identify roosters. Both local chicken breeds and laying hens should be introduced into hatcheries with good epidemic prevention and no epidemic situation in batches. Adhere to the standard of healthy chicks, eliminate sick chicks, and choose ones with clean feathers, moderate abdomen size, softness and elasticity, good umbilical cord contraction, big eyes, loud cries, liveliness and strong struggle in hands.
It is necessary to transport the selected chicks back to the brooding house in a comfortable, hygienic, safe and timely manner. Always check during transportation, not to be stimulated by strong cold wind to prevent colds, and also to prevent crushing and suffocation, so as not to cause losses.
The brooding can be carried out according to the routine operation.
3. Training before and after grazing
According to the sunny weather and temperature, the chicks of 15~2 1 will be driven to the sports ground to drink and feed during the day. When feeding, we should use a fixed call and feed at the same time to cultivate the conditioned reflex function of chicks, so that chickens can form a unified group activity of grazing and grazing when they are put into woodland. You can also choose several local hens to hatch chicks according to the scheduled brooding time, and synchronize the brooding and brooding time, and put the bought chicks and hens together for their care at night when the lights are turned off. In order to prevent hens from pecking chicks, hens are treated with broken beaks. Before training grazing, we should pay attention to the sound and feeding of big hens and let them play a leading role. At the beginning of grazing, when the chickens return to the playground, they should give a cry and give some forage or water to enhance their activities and their ability to recognize their homes, and form the habit of returning to the house at a fixed time.
4. Anti-riot, rainproof and animal injury prevention
There are many natural enemies of rats and eagles in the forest area. Before brooding, drugs should be put in to kill rats, and then the drugs and dead rats placed in the site should be thoroughly cleaned up to prevent chickens from being poisoned by eating by mistake. Keepers should take good care of them and take immediate measures to drive away eagles and wild animals when they find them active. When the weather is bad, before the rainstorm comes, we should call for grazing and feeding in advance to avoid the rainstorm and damage.
In grazing mountain areas, chickens are free to move, with large activities and plenty of sunshine, so they grow fast, have few diseases, strong muscles, are delicious and smooth, and have high nutritional value. They are favored by consumers in the market, so that breeders can get higher economic benefits. The net income of each chicken is about 15 yuan.
Ecological agriculture technology model of "prairie chicken" feeding and protection
1. Site selection: economic forests (both mature and young) such as orchards and bamboo forests in hilly or mountainous areas with good environment and clean water sources are selected.
2. Variety selection: planting grass in orchard and stocking native chicken. The forage species are alfalfa and ryegrass, and the native chicken species are Shanfeng green shell laying hens (pure native chicken preserved in Yangzhou 1978 Gene Bank of China Poultry Academy).
3. Chicken-raising technology: (1) Two henhouses, 300 square meters/building, and brooding henhouses 1. The henhouse is mainly used for resting and laying eggs. Brooding house: Choose an empty room with heat preservation, dryness and ventilation, lay the floor after cleaning and disinfection, and the indoor area shall not exceed 25 nests per square meter, or adopt multi-layer cage culture. Chicken house: choose a place with high terrain and good drainage. Indoor habitat or plastic net; (2) Sanitary disinfection. Others are not allowed to enter the feeding area, especially other poultry. Keep the feeding area and chicken coop dry. Clean and disinfect chickens, bedding and walls 1 ~ 2 times a week, without disinfection before and after immunization and on the same day. Chickens were injected with Marek's vaccine at 1 day; 5 ~ 7 days old were sprayed with Newcastle disease+attenuated vaccine respectively; 12 ~ 14 days old, 26 ~ 28 days old, drinking water with encapsulated seedlings. (3) The breeding cycle of chicken is 1 year. Chickens are introduced every April. Chickens are kept in the henhouse for 35 days, and the individual reaches about 200 grams. They are stored in the orchard. Oviposition began from August to September, and reached its peak from 65438+February to the following year 1 month. In April-May of the following year, they will be released, and "rotational grazing and stocking" will be implemented, with feeding as the main part and feed as the supplement, with self-produced corn, broken rice and millet as the feed. (4) The planting density of young forest orchard is 50 ~ 60 plants/mu.
4. Forage planting technology: (1) Soil treatment. For the land with more weeds, spraying biochemical herbicides in spring ploughing, sowing in summer, and cultivating in bare land to remove weed seedlings in the soil layer. (2) Before the first sowing, the rhizobia and seeds are mixed, the seed dressing is suitable for dark and low temperature conditions, and the seeds are sown immediately after mixing. (3) Sowing: Sowing in spring and autumn can be done, not more than July. The row spacing is 35 ~ 40 cm, the ditching depth is about 15 cm, the sowing amount is 0.5 ~ 0.6kg/ mu, and the shallow covering soil is 1. 1 ~ 1.5 cm.
The orchard can bear fruit in about three years and reach high yield in five years.