1, General Motors Corporation
Subordinate brands: GM, Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Saturn, Horton, GMC, Opel, etc. Saab, Daewoo, Isuzu, Suzuki, Subaru, Lotus and Fuji.
Establishment time: 65438+August 0908
Enterprises in China: Shanghai GM, Jinbei GM, Shanghai GM Wuling, Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center.
1908, GM was established. 193 1 year began to become the boss of the automobile industry; Today, GM's automobile market includes North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East. Its logo GM is taken from the first letter of the first two words of its English name (General Motro Corporation). 1908 was developed by william durant on the basis of Buick Motor Company and established in Detroit, USA. The current headquarters is still located in Detroit. Buick, Pontiac and Chevrolet are mid-range product brands under GM. Oldsmabile, originally established to meet the high-end market, stopped production on 200 1 due to the conflict with Cadillac. Saturn is GM's best-selling brand in the United States, and GMC is responsible for producing special vehicles for GM. As part of the global strategy, GM has become strategic partners with Fiat, Fuji Heavy Industries, Suzuki and Isuzu. In addition, GM has also launched technical cooperation with Toyota and Honda.
2.ford ford
Subordinate brands: Lincoln, Ford, Mercury, Volvo, Mazda. In addition, it also owns Hertz, the largest car rental company in the world.
Established: 1903
China enterprises: Changan Ford and Jiangling Transit.
Ford is headquartered in Cologne, Mazda is headquartered in Hiroshima, and Ford Motor Company was founded by Mr. Henry Ford in 1903, which is one of the largest automobile companies in the world. 1908, Ford Motor Company produced the world's first car belonging to ordinary people-Model T, and the world automobile industry revolution began. 19 13, Ford Motor Company developed the world's first assembly line, which made the number of T-cars reach150,000, creating an unbroken world record. For this reason, Mr. Ford is honored as the man who put wheels on the world. 1999, Fortune magazine named him "the business giant of the 20th century" in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the development of human industry together with Ford Motor Company. There is only one secret of Mr. Henry Ford's success: trying to understand people's inner needs and using the best materials and the best employees to make a good car that everyone can afford.
Today, Ford Motor Company is the leading automobile manufacturer in the world. Headquartered in dearborn, Michigan, USA, it covers more than 200 regional markets on six continents, with 325,000 employees and 65,438+065,438+00 factories all over the world. As a world-class automobile company, today's Ford still adheres to the corporate philosophy initiated by Mr. Henry Ford: "Consumers are the center of our work. We must always think of consumers in our work and provide better products and services than our competitors. Since the company was founded more than 0/00 years ago, Ford has been committed to manufacturing "cars suitable for the public and at low prices". Lincoln and Mercury, two local brands, are high-end products of Ford and enjoy a high reputation in the United States. Among the acquired brands, Jaguar is synonymous with expensive RV and high-performance supercar, and has become a British royal car several times. Volvo Car Division, which produced the world's first three-point seat belt, was also merged into Ford Motor Company in 1999. In 2000, Ford even owned a Land Rover called "Rolls Royce in off-road vehicles". Now it is sold to Tata in India. Although it is not the largest automobile company, Ford is the most profitable automobile group. Today, Ford has become the world's largest truck manufacturer and the second largest automobile manufacturer. It has manufacturing plants in 27 countries on six continents. (In 2007, Ford Motor Company signed an agreement worth 479 million pounds (925 million US dollars) with a consortium led by Benetton and david richards, the former boss of Anglo-American team, to sell its British luxury car manufacturer Aston Martin to the consortium. On March 26th, 2008, Ford Motor Company announced that it had signed a final agreement to sell Jaguar Land Rover business to Tata Motors, and Tata Motors would pay about $2.3 billion for the acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover business.
3. DaimlerChrysler Company
Subordinate brands: Jeep, Chrysler, Maibakh, Mercedes-Benz, Smart, Dodge, Plymouth, Mitsubishi and Powler.
Established: 1924
Enterprises in China: Beijing Jeep
Headquartered in Stuttgart. At the same time, it owns the top three Chrysler in the United States and the oldest Mercedes-Benz in the world. Its strength should not be underestimated. 1924 Chrysler set up a factory after leaving GM. With the help of technology and financial resources, the company acquired Dodge, Plymouth and Mistsubishi all over the world, making the company a multinational automobile company. Mercedes-Benz, founded in 1926, was co-founded by karl benz and gottlieb daimler, who were praised as "the father of automobiles" by the world. Among the top ten automobile companies in the world, Mercedes-Benz has the smallest output, less than 6.5438+0 million vehicles, but its profit and sales volume are in the top five. Annual output of 600,000 cars. The new car products of Mercedes-Benz Company include four series of Mercedes-Benz W20 1, W 124, R 129 and W 126. Among them, the 560SEC of W 126 series and the 500SL of R 129 series are very popular ultra-luxury cars. On May 14, 2007, local time in Germany, Daimler-Chrysler Group announced that the private equity fund Cerberus Capital Management Company would acquire 80 1% of the shares of Chrysler Group for 5.5 billion euros (US$ 7.4 billion, about RMB 55 billion). After Dyke Group sells Chrysler shares, the company will be renamed Daimler AG.
4. Toyota Toyota
Subordinate brands: Toyota, Lexus, Dafa, Scion, ZeroCrown.
Founded in August, 1937.
Enterprises in China: FAW Toyota (Tianjin Toyota, Sichuan Toyota)
1935, the company successfully developed the domestic A 1 test vehicle. Toyota developed slowly at first. After World War II, Toyota introduced European and American technology, quickly mastered advanced automobile production and management technology, and created a famous Toyota production management model according to the characteristics of the Japanese nation. It began to flood into European and American markets in the late 1960s. The 1970s was the golden age of Toyota's rapid development. In just four years, from 1972 to 1976, the company produced1000000 cars. In 1980s, Toyota started its international strategy of going global in an all-round way, establishing wholly-owned or joint ventures in the United States, Britain and Southeast Asia, and merging its automobile R&D centers. LEXUS is a series of luxury cars launched by Toyota Motor Corporation in 1980s, and its logo adopts the English initials "L" of Lexus.
5. The public
Subordinate brands: Volkswagen, Audi, Seat, Scardo, Bugatti, Bentley, Lamborghini, Porsche.
Established: 1938
Enterprises in China: Shanghai Volkswagen, FAW-Volkswagen and Volkswagen (Shanghai) Transmission Factory.
Headquartered in Wolfsburg, Germany, Volkswagen was founded by Porsche in Wolfsburg, Germany on 1938. 1934, Porsche made a proposal to the German government to design and produce a car for Volkswagen. After the proposal was passed, Porsche established Volkswagen AG with 340,000 shareholders and an annual output of 6,543,800 vehicles. In the "Volkswagen City" in Wolfsburg, the first batch of "Beetles" came out, but only 630 vehicles were produced and stopped production due to World War II. After World War II, Volkswagen was placed under the West German government, and automobile production gradually recovered. Because of its low price, Beetles quickly became popular in Germany and Europe. When 198 1 stopped production, 20 million vehicles had been produced, which broke the world record of model T. With the popularity of "Beetle", Volkswagen has become a powerful world automobile production group. 1978 After the first negotiation between Volkswagen and the China Municipal Government, the two parties established Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd. on 1984 and started cooperation in China. Now through multi-party cooperation, Volkswagen has occupied more than 50% of the market share.
6. Honda Honda
Subordinate brands: Honda and Acura.
Established: 1946
Enterprises in China: Guangzhou Honda and Dongfeng Honda
Honda is the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world, and its automobile output and scale are among the top ten automobile manufacturers in the world. Founded in 1948, the founder is the legendary Honda Ichiro. The company is headquartered in Tokyo and has about 1 10000 employees. Now, Honda is a multinational automobile and motorcycle production and sales group. Its products are not only automobiles and motorcycles, but also power machinery products such as generators and agricultural machinery.
Honda's management method is very flexible. Honda, a subsidiary established in the United States, surpassed Chrysler to rank third in the American market with 199 1. Honda's Accord and Civic have been rated as the best and most popular cars by users over the years. In Europe, Honda also set up a branch in Britain. Honda has produced about 3 million cars.
At present, Honda has more than 65,438+020 production bases in 29 countries except Japan. Honda patronizes more than 654.38+07 million customers every year through motorcycles, automobiles and general products.
At the same time, Honda also actively fulfills its social obligations as a corporate citizen and actively explores environmental protection and safety solutions.
7.Renault-Nissan
Subordinate brands: Renault, Nissan, Dacher, Nissan, England and finidi are also called Infinity.
China enterprises: Dongfeng Nissan and Sanjiang Group.
Renault is the second largest car company in France. Founded in 1898, it has always been state-owned and is the largest state-owned enterprise in France. Nissan, founded in 1933, is one of Japan's three largest automobile manufacturers and the first manufacturer to start manufacturing small and large Tucson cars and auto parts. 1In March 1999, Renault and Nissan reached a "global partnership agreement" and spent $5.3 billion to acquire 36.8% of Nissan's shares, forming the fourth largest automobile manufacturing group in the world. In April 2000, Renault announced an alliance with Volvo Cars to transfer the ownership of its Renault Industrial Vehicle Company to Volvo. In exchange, Volvo transferred its 65,438+05% shares to Renault, and Renault bought 5% shares of Volvo and became the largest shareholder of the company. After the implementation of this plan, Volvo-Renault Group became the second largest heavy truck manufacturer in the world after Dyke Group.
8.PSA Group
Established: 1976
Subordinate brands: Peugeot, Citroen, Horizon and Samba.
China Enterprise: Dongfeng Citroen
Peugeot Automobile Company is one of the top ten automobile companies in the world and the largest automobile group company in France. Founded in 1890, the founder is armand Peugeot. 1 976, Peugeot annexed the French Citroen company with a long history, thus becoming a multinational industrial group in the world, which mainly produces automobiles and also runs machinery processing, transportation, finance and service industries. Peugeot Automobile Company is headquartered in Paris, France, and its automobile factories are mostly in Funan Xiuquinti province. The total number of employees is about 1 10,000, with an annual output of 2.2 million vehicles.
At the beginning of its establishment, Peugeot mainly produced bicycles and tricycles, and 189 1 began to set foot in the automobile field and achieved success. Due to the continuous adoption of new technology, the company's output is increasing day by day. By the time of World War I, the output had surpassed all French automobile manufacturers, reaching 12000 vehicles. During World War I, armand Peugeot adjusted its business strategy in time, which enabled Peugeot to develop in the war, with an annual output of 48,000 cars from 65,438 to 0939. Peugeot's second great development period was in 1950s and 1960s after World War II, and its automobile output soared tenfold in 20 years, making it the second largest automobile company in France.
During the period of 1976, Peugeot acquired 60% of the shares of the poorly managed Citroen company by virtue of its own economic strength, thus strengthening its own strength. The total output of automobiles surpassed Renault, ranking first in France. Peugeot has 92 domestic companies and 84 overseas companies. Overseas companies are mainly commercial companies, and there are not many industrial companies. The largest overseas industrial companies are British Talbert Company and Spanish Talbert Company.
In 1980s, Peugeot cooperated with China to set up a joint venture company in Guangzhou to import Peugeot 504 and 505 cars to China. Peugeot car products range from mini-cars to luxury cars, and the most popular is medium-sized cars. Peugeot is characterized by long life and good quality. Its 205 and 309 cars have won the whole rally for many years.
9. Fiat Fiat
Established:1July, 899.
Subordinate brands: Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Fiat, Lancia, Maserati and Iveco.
China enterprise: Nanjing Fiat.
Fiat Auto Company is one of the top ten auto companies in the world, which was founded by giovanni agnelli in Turin on July 1899. At that time, the company had 30 shareholders with assets of 80 Wan Li. Ludovico scarfiotti is the chairman of the company, emanuele cacherano di bricherasio is the vice chairman, and giovanni agnelli is elected as the secretary general. Giovanni agnelli, a former knight, is particularly prominent among the board members with his decisive and unique strategic vision. It is the first automobile manufacturer in the world to produce mini cars. The full name of the company is Turin Automobile Factory, Italy. Fiat is a transliteration of its abbreviation, and Fiat is also a trademark of its products. The group is headquartered in Turin, Italy, and the current chairman is the grandson of the founder. The automotive sector has 270,000 employees and subsidiaries and sales organizations in more than 65,438+000 countries. Its automotive sector mainly includes Fiat, Ferrari, Alfa and Lancia. The construction vehicle company has Iveco.
Fiat's first factory was built in corso dante in 1900. At that time, there were workers 150 people and workshops 12000 square meters. This year, Fiat produced 30 3 1/2hp cars. 1902, fiat got its first racing car-24 horsepower corsa. Under the driving of vincenzo lancia, he won the sassi-superga Climbing Race. Giovanni agnelli set a new record in the second Italian Grand Prix by driving Fiat 8hp. 19 15 fiat produced nearly 1000 fiat 50 1 models for the royal army. This car abandoned the design of Fiat "barca" engine. The back seat is widened to accommodate three people. 19 19 years, under the management of Carlo Cavoli, the small car Fiat 50 1 was born. This model is very popular, with more than 45,000 vehicles sold worldwide. In the same year, magneti marelli was founded. Back to the record, a motorcycle fleet consisting of 23 Fiat 15 ter trucks crossed the Sahara Desert for the first time, setting a record of 3000 kilometers without mechanical failure.
Born in 1899, Turin Automobile Manufacturing Company of Italy is a leading automobile manufacturing company in Italy.
At the beginning of the 20th century, a Turin painter separated the initials of the company's name with a ".",and since then, the name of F.I.A.T (Fiat) has spread all over the world with its automobile products. Today, Fiat Group is not only one of the top ten well-known automobile manufacturers in the world, but also the most important industrial group in the world. In addition to its main business, the Group is also involved in ten fields, including commercial vehicles, agricultural machinery and construction machinery, metallurgy, spare parts, production systems, aviation, publishing and communication, insurance and related services. In 2000, the turnover of Fiat Group has exceeded 57 billion euros, and it has 65,438+0,063 companies in 64 countries around the world, with more than 223,000 employees, of which 65,438+0,654,38+0,000 are located in countries outside Italy. The Group has 242 production plants (including 167 overseas) and 13 1 R&D centers (including 6 1 overseas). About 39% of the output value is realized abroad, and overseas turnover accounts for 67% of the total turnover. Adhering to the three core values of creating value, customer satisfaction, giving full play to people's value and respecting people, Fiat Group has formulated its own development policies, which are the sum of the consistent rules of the Group and form the basis for independent business development under the framework of the same share and the same right of the Group. These policies are mainly embodied in: customer satisfaction, leadership monitoring and strategic development, partnership, evaluation, financial management, human resources, announcement and external relations, risk management, enterprise security and legal affairs. In the history of Fiat's development for a hundred years, it has always adhered to two strategic policies: diversification of production and commitment to developing the most potential emerging markets. At present, the group's business market has spread all over the world, especially in emerging developing countries in South America, Eastern Europe and Asia, with rapid growth and rapid increase in market share.
10, BMW BMW
Established: 19 16.
Subordinate brands: BMW, Mini and Rolls-Royce.
Enterprises in China: Cooperation with Brilliance.
Headquartered in Munich, Germany, BMW is a world-famous automobile company and is also considered as a leader in high-end automobile production. BMW was founded in 19 16, and its headquarters is in Munich. In the past 90 years, it has developed from an initial aircraft engine manufacturer to a world-famous enterprise group that mainly produces luxury cars, aircraft engines, off-road vehicles and motorcycles, ranking among the top 20 automobile enterprises in the world. The full name of BMW is Bayerrische Motor En Werhe AG, and BMW is the initials of these three words. As an important member of the international automobile market, BMW is very active, covering 120 countries around the world, mainly including 3, 5, 7 and 8 series cars and two-seater roadsters. At present, BMW is in a prosperous period; Opel and Ford bought its six-cylinder diesel engine; Rolls royce Group not only uses its 12 cylinder engine and electronic equipment, but also uses it to research and produce new aero-engines. BMW's new plant in South Carolina has also been completed and put into operation, which is the first foreign high-end automobile production plant in the United States.
Specific:
One: Nissan and Renault are just an alliance agreement aimed at strengthening Nissan's financial situation and achieving win-win development, but maintaining their respective identities and corporate strategies is not the fourth largest.
Two: Daimler is a group and Mercedes-Benz belongs to it. It is generally called "Daimler-Benz". Chrysler was acquired by Daimler Group more than 90 years later, but Chrysler suffered losses for many years. In 2006, Daimler Group sold more than 80% shares of Chrysler. So now it is called "Daimler-Benz"
Now, the full name of "Beijing Benz-DaimlerChrysler" has not changed. In addition to Mercedes-Benz's C-Class and E-Class, it also produces Chrysler's 300C and Platinum Rui, and now it seems to be discontinued.
Three: Porsche, a luxury sports car manufacturer with an output of 6.5438+10,000 vehicles, almost swallowed Volkswagen with an annual output of 6 million vehicles. Because they are all listed companies, and the market value of Volkswagen has shrunk due to the sluggish performance, Porsche can take advantage of the low price, and as a result, it was counter-acquired by Volkswagen because of the financial crisis.