1. Architectural environment

1) Before building a cold storage, the user is required to lower the floor of the cold storage area by 200-250mm and prepare a morning floor; 2) It is required that each cold storage There are drainage floor drains and condensate discharge pipes below the warehouse. There are no drainage floor drains in the freezer and the condensate discharge pipes must be located outside the cold storage. 3) The low-temperature warehouse requires laying floor heating wires, one for spare and one for use. After laying the heating wire on the ground, perform floor protection of about 2mm before laying the floor insulation layer. If the floor of the cold storage is the lowest floor, the floor of the low-temperature storage does not need to be heated. Common cold storage floor treatment methods are as follows: 2. Insulation panels Insulation panels must comply with national standards and hold a test report from the Technical Supervision Bureau. 2.1 Thermal insulation material The thermal insulation material should be a composite insulation board material made of polyurethane foam and sprayed steel plates or stainless steel plates on both sides, with a thickness of at least 100mm. The insulation is flame retardant and chlorofluorocarbon-free. It is allowed to add a certain proportion of reinforcing materials to improve performance, but it cannot reduce the thermal insulation performance. 2.2 Insulation board wall panel (1) The inner and outer panels are colored steel plates. (2) The coating layer of the colored steel plate must be non-toxic, odorless, corrosion-resistant, and comply with international food hygiene standards. 2.3 Overall performance requirements for heat insulation panels (1) Exposed insulation materials are not allowed on the installation joint surface of the heat insulation panels, and there must be no convex or concave defects greater than 1.5mm on the joint surface. (2) The surface of the insulation board should be kept flat and smooth, and should not have warping, scratches, bumps, uneven unevenness. (3) It is allowed to take reinforcing measures inside the heat insulation panel to improve the mechanical strength, but it is not allowed to reduce the heat insulation effect. (4) The surrounding materials of the heat insulation board must be made of the same high-density hard material as the heat insulation material. The use of other materials with large thermal conductivity is not allowed. (5) Measures should be taken to prevent cold bridges at the junction between the insulating wall panels and the ground. (6) The seams between the insulation panels must be sealed with glass glue or other adhesive materials that are non-toxic, odorless, non-volatile, meet food hygiene requirements and have good sealing properties. (7) The connection structure between the insulation panels should ensure the pressure between the joints and the firm connection of the joints. 2.4 The installation of heat insulation panels requires that the joint between the warehouse board and the warehouse board must be well sealed. The joint between the two warehouse boards must be less than 1.5mm, and the structure must be strong and reliable. After the warehouse body is spliced, all warehouse board joints should be coated with continuous and even sealant. The cross-sectional structures of various joints are explained below. Schematic diagram of warehouse floor splicing. When the span of the roof exceeds 4m or the cold storage roof needs to carry a load, the cold storage roof must be hoisted. The bolt position should be selected at the midpoint of the storage plate. In order to make the force on the storage plate as uniform as possible, aluminum alloy angle steel or mushroom caps must be used as shown in the diagram. 2.5 Sealing requirements for the joints of the warehouse insulation panels (1) It should be ensured that the insulation material of the wall panel at the junction of the wall panel and the ground is closely connected with the insulation material in the floor, and has reliable sealing and moisture-proof treatment. (2) If the joints of the heat insulation panels are sealed and bonded by on-site pouring and foaming, first ensure that the insulation materials of the two heat insulation panels are in close contact with each other, and then use sealing tape to evenly apply the joint surface to eliminate gaps and ensure The insulation is firmly bonded. (3) The sealing material itself at the joints of the heat insulation panels should be anti-aging, corrosion-resistant, non-toxic, odorless, free of volatilization of harmful substances, comply with food hygiene requirements and have good sealing properties. The sealing material at the joints must not be offset or out of position to ensure that the joints are sealed tightly and evenly. (4) If sealing tape is used to seal the joints of the insulation panels, the joint size shall not be larger than 3mm. (5) The insulation panels that make up the warehouse must be integral along its height direction, without horizontal middle joints. (6) The thickness of the cold storage floor insulation layer should be ≥100mm. (7) Measures must be taken to reduce the "cold bridge" effect on the hanging point structure of the warehouse ceiling, and the holes in the hanging points should be sealed. (8) The thermal conductivity of the hanging point material connected to the warehouse board should be small, and the hanging point should also be covered with a cover of the same material on the inner surface of the warehouse. 3. Prefabricated cold storage door requirements 1) Prefabricated cold storage is equipped with three types of doors: hinged door, automatic one-sided sliding door, and one-sided sliding door. 2) The thickness, surface layer and thermal insulation performance requirements of cold storage doors are the same as those of warehouse panels. There should be no cold bridges in the door frame and door structure.

3) All low-temperature cold storage door frames should be embedded with electric heating or medium heating devices to prevent the door seals from freezing. When electric heating is used, electric heating protection devices and safety measures must be provided. 4) The doors of small refrigerators and freezers are manual swing doors. The surface of the door must be the same as the insulation board panel. There should be no "cold bridge" in the door handle and door structure. The door opening should be >90 degrees. 5) The cold storage door is equipped with a door lock, and the door lock has a safety unlocking function. 6) All warehouse doors must be flexible and light in opening and closing. The sealing contact surface of the door frame and the door itself must be smooth and flat. There must be no warping, burrs, or screw ends that are skewed or exposed to cause scratches or scratches. Ensure that the sealing tape is Can be attached to the perimeter of the door frame. 4. Storage accessories 1) Low-temperature cold storage (storage temperature <-5℃ = electric anti-freezing device and automatic temperature control device must be equipped under the ground to effectively prevent freezing and deformation of the bottom surface of the storage board. 2) Moisture-proof and explosion-proof equipment is installed in the storage Fluorescent lighting lamps can work normally at -25°C. The lampshade should be moisture-proof, anti-corrosion, acid-proof, and alkali-proof. The lighting intensity in the warehouse should meet the requirements for the entry and exit of goods, and the ground illumination should be >200lux. 3) All devices and equipment in the cold storage should be anti-corrosion and anti-rust, but the coating must be non-toxic, non-contaminating to food, odor-free, easy to clean, not prone to bacterial growth, and meet food hygiene requirements. 4) All pipeline holes must be sealed, moisture-proof and thermally insulated, and the surface must be smooth. 5) Low-temperature cold storage should have a pressure balancing device to prevent and eliminate excessive pressure differences and deformation of the storage body caused by sudden temperature changes. 6) Anti-collision devices should be installed along the aisles outside the cold storage. A low-temperature resistant transparent plastic door curtain should be installed inside the warehouse door. 7) The temperature display is required to be installed near the warehouse door. 8) The cold storage must be equipped with a drainage floor drain so that sewage can be discharged when cleaning the cold storage. 5. Main materials and accessories selection standards. All materials must comply with national standards and hold certificates and technical supervision bureau test reports. Installation standards for air coolers and pipes 1. Air cooler installation 1) The air cooler should be installed far away from the warehouse door and in the middle of the wall. The air cooler should be kept horizontal after installation; 2) The air cooler should be hoisted on the ceiling, and its fixation must be Use special nylon bolts (material nylon 66) to prevent the formation of cold bridges; 3) When fixing the air cooler with bolts, it is required to install a square wooden block with a length greater than 100mm and a thickness greater than 5mm on the top of the top plate to increase the storage board The load-bearing area prevents the warehouse board from denting and deforming, and prevents the formation of cold bridges; 4) The distance between the air cooler and the back wall is 300 to 500mm, or according to the size provided by the air cooler manufacturer; 5) The wind direction of the air cooler cannot be reversed to ensure The air cooler blows air outward; 6) When the cold storage is defrosting, the fan motor must be disconnected to prevent hot air from blowing into the cold storage during defrost; 7) The loading height of the cold storage should be at least 30cm lower than the bottom of the air cooler. The installation diagram of the air cooler is as follows: 2. Refrigeration pipeline installation 1) When installing the expansion valve, the temperature sensing bag must be tightly tied to the upper part of the horizontal return pipe and ensure good contact with the return pipe. The outside of the return pipe should be insulated to prevent The temperature sensing package is affected by the storage temperature; 2) The return pipe of the air cooler must be installed at the bottom of the riser pipe before climbing out of the storage; 3) When the refrigerated processing room and the cold storage or medium temperature cabinet use one unit, An evaporation pressure regulating valve must be installed before the return air pipeline of the refrigerated processing room is connected to the pipelines of other refrigerators or medium temperature cabinets; 4) Each cold storage must be equipped with independent ball valves on the return air pipe and liquid supply pipeline to facilitate debugging and maintenance. Other pipeline selection, welding, laying, fixing, insulation, etc. must be carried out in accordance with the standards stipulated in the "Refrigeration Pipeline Engineering Materials, Construction, and Inspection Standards".

3. Drainage pipe installation 1) The drainage pipe running inside the warehouse should be as short as possible; the drainage pipe running outside the warehouse should be run in an inconspicuous place on the back or side of the cold storage to prevent collision and affect the appearance; 2) Drainage of the air cooler The pipe leading to the outside of the cold storage should have a certain slope to allow the defrost water to drain out of the cold storage smoothly; 3) For cold storages with an operating temperature less than 5°C, the drainage pipes in the storage must be equipped with insulated pipes (wall thickness greater than 25mm); 4) The drainage pipe of the freezer must be installed with a heating wire; 5) The connecting pipe outside the warehouse must be equipped with a drainage trap, and a certain liquid seal must be ensured in the pipe to prevent a large amount of hot air from outside the warehouse from entering the cold storage; 6) In order to prevent the drainage pipe from If it is dirty and blocked, each cold storage must be equipped with a separate defrost water drainage floor drain (the cold storage can be located inside the storage, but the freezer must be installed outdoors). 3. The construction of other standard engineering room locations, ventilation, unit fixation and other engineering projects must be strictly carried out in accordance with the "Construction and Inspection Standards for Basic Engineering". The construction of cold storage electrical engineering should be carried out in accordance with the "Construction and Inspection Standards for Electrical Engineering". 4. Cold storage load calculation Accurate cold storage load should be calculated according to the calculation software. Commonly used software include Wittboxnp 4.12, Crs.exe, etc. When factors such as food storage, food storage temperature, storage cycle, number of door openings, number of operators, etc. cannot be determined, the following methods can be used to estimate: 1. The cold load of refrigerators and freezers is W0=75W/m3 per cubic meter. Calculate and multiply by the following correction factors. 1) If V (cold storage volume) <30 m3, for a cold storage with frequent openings, the multiplication factor A=1.22) If 30 m3≤V<100 m3, for a cold storage with frequent openings, the multiplication factor A=1.13) If For cold storage with V≥100 m3 and frequent door openings, the multiplication factor A=1.04) If it is a single cold storage, the multiplication factor B=1.1, and other B=1. The final cooling load W=A*B*W0*Volume 2, Processing room load matching: For open processing rooms, each cubic meter is calculated as W0=100W/m3, and multiplied by the following correction factors. For closed processing rooms, each cubic meter is calculated as W0=80W/m3, and multiplied by the following corrections Coefficient.1) If V (volume of processing room) <50 m3, then multiply by factor A=1.12) If V≥50 m3, then multiply by factor A=1.0 Final cooling load W=A*W0*Volume 3, air cooler and unit Optional instructions: 1. TD is the difference between the evaporation temperature of the air cooler and the temperature inside the warehouse; the cooling capacity of the air cooler is proportional to TD. When TD is increased, the freezing capacity of the air cooler also increases, and at the same time, the cooling capacity of the air cooler increases. The amount of frost also increases. In addition, the humidity in the warehouse decreases and the dry consumption of stored products increases. Generally, the temperature difference TD value is selected according to the above table; 2. The freezing capacity of the air cooler should be selected; the load of the cold storage; its corresponding evaporation temperature = temperature in the storage - TD; 3. If a cold storage can choose at least two fans air cooler, do not choose an air cooler with only one fan. In this way, if one fan is damaged and has not been replaced, the other fan can still maintain the cooling effect; 4. Under normal circumstances, the fin spacing of the coolers in the processing room and the refrigerator is 3 to 5 mm, and the fin spacing of the coolers in the freezer is The spacing is 6~8mm; 5. The freezing capacity of the selected refrigeration unit must be ≥ cold storage load/0.85, and its corresponding evaporation temperature must be 2~3°C lower than the evaporation temperature of the air cooler (resistance loss must be considered)

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