Ma Juyuan is a shop mainly selling hats, located in Dashilan Commercial Street outside Qianmen, Beijing. It is a well-known Chinese time-honored brand. It was founded in the 22nd year of Jiaqing (Qing Dynasty) (1817) and has a history of 185 years. At the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there was a jingle in Beijing: "Wearing a horse to gather the source, stepping on the feet to rise inline, wearing eight auspicious figures and wrapping four great ones around the waist". It is used to reward others with wealth, which shows the position of Ma Juyuan's hat in people's minds. The hats it produces are famous all over the world for their exquisite materials, exquisite workmanship, genuine goods, complete varieties and various colors.
"Inner"-refers to the Imperial Palace;
"Liansheng"-indicates that customers can put on the shoes made in this shop, and they can be promoted to the third level in court.
The term "stepping on inline" here means that you can wear shoes made of inline, which is a show off of your status.
Beijing Neiliansheng Shoes Co., Ltd., whose head office is located at No.34 Dashilan Commercial Street in Qianmen, is famous at home and abroad for producing multi-layer bottom cloth shoes. At present, it is the largest hand-made cloth shoes manufacturer in China, and its sales form is retail and wholesale. The nature of the enterprise is a joint-stock enterprise. The registered trademark "Inline Rise" is Guo Moruo's handwriting. In 1988, the head office of the company rebuilt its business building on the original site, with a business area of more than 1,7 square meters. The exterior has the architectural style of the Qing Dynasty, with yellow tiles and red columns, painted gold, resplendent and antique, and the interior decoration shows national characteristics. The palace lanterns are hung in the shop, and the shelves are antique and realistic.
Beijing Ruifuxiang Silk Shop was opened in Guangxu 19th year of the Qing Dynasty (1893). It is a well-known Chinese time-honored brand at home and abroad, and it is the first of the "Eight Auspiciouss" in the old capital. The ballad that has been circulating in Beijing for many years, "Ma Juyuan on the top of his head, wearing Ruifuxiang, and stepping on the inline", is a vivid portrayal of Ruifuxiang's fame in Beijing.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was a folk saying in Beijing: "Wearing Ma Juyuan, wearing Rui Fu Xiang, stepping on inline, and wrapping around the waist the' Four Constant'." It means that wearing Ma Juyuan's hat is the most honorable, wearing clothes made of Rui Fuxiang's silks and satins is the most glorious, wearing a pair of boots and shoes in an inline shoe store is the most glorious, and the silver ticket wrapped around the "Four Heng" bank is the richest and rich. This proverb is still popular today, and it is common in newspapers and TV dramas. Another proverb is: "Four Great Heng, Eight Great Sources, Twenty-nine Official Furnace Houses" also mentions the "Four Great Heng". Since the "Four Great Heng" has already declined, there are fewer insiders, and it is not surprising that the "Four Great Heng" is often misunderstood as selling belts. In fact, because the proverbs have everything on their heads, feet and bodies, then the belt must be wrapped around their waist.
"Four Big Heng" are four big money houses, namely Hengli, Henghe, Hengxing and Hengyuan. They were originally from Cixi, Zhejiang Province. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Mr. Dong set up a money stall in Dongsi Pailou to exchange silver and copper coins, and gradually developed. As the capital accumulated gradually, they opened the above four money houses near Dongsi Pailou. Hengli is the main store, located in the East Street of Dongsipailou, HengheNo. is located in the west of Dongsipailou North Road, Hengxing lives in the east exit of Longfusi Hutong in the north, and HengyuanNo. is located in the north of Dongsipailou East Road. HengheNo. specializes in the deposit business of major bureaucrats and wealthy households. Hengli and Hengyuan No.2 are exclusively used as commercial funds. HengliNo. has a jewelry bureau in Tianjin Guyi Street, which was later renamed Hengli Gold Store. In the late Qing Dynasty, Yong 'antang Pharmacy was also the industry of HengliNo.. Hengxing's main business is to serve major firms. Due to the abundant funds, in order to meet the needs of the market, a "silver ticket" was issued to circulate in the market, which solved the inconvenience and safety problems of silver and silver, and greatly facilitated consumption. Therefore, the reputation of the "Four Great Constants" was greatly boosted and swept the city. Dong Shi's family built houses and set up courtyards in Santiao of Dongsi Pailou, forming a compound courtyard group with No.32 courtyard as the core and No.31 and No.33 courtyards communicating with each other to form an east-west direction, facing north and facing south, and settled in Dongsi. In the early years of Guangxu, the "Four Constant" reached its peak.
The development of "Four Constant" not only has its advantages of favorable weather, favorable geographical position and harmonious way of people, but also has its unique business philosophy. The so-called opportunity of the right time is the opportunity brought by the economic development during the Qianlong period, and the geographical advantage is to choose Dongsi, a commercial treasure (Chaoyangmen, Dongzhimen and Chongwenmen are the main channels for grain, timber and many foreign commodities to enter Beijing, and there are many warehouses and warehouses near Chaoyangmen that promote the development of finance and commerce). The way of harmony between people is to manage the family well and have harmonious and smooth foreign exchanges. The business philosophy of "Four Constant" is embodied in the five words of "Harmony", "Profit", "Source", "Xing" and "Constant", which contains the profound connotation of "Harmony is precious, profit is the foundation, prosperity, long history and eternity in the city". The business purpose of "Four Constant" is to gain profit, gain profit, and gain strength, so we can seek prosperity based on profit, but we must take advantage of righteousness, faith, honesty and harmony, and we must never have any cheating heart and behavior to be called "a good way to make money." Only by accumulating profits in good faith can the scale and scope of the business be expanded, and the accumulation of strength further enhances the credibility of the bank, so that the bank can flourish. Benefit comes from harmony, harmony comes from honesty, prosperity comes from harmony and benefit, and harmony is not a temporary sum. Benefit is not a benefit in one place, but a broad vision and a long-term view of the future, so that benefit comes from the source. "Constant" means perseverance, and we can't slack off a bit. We should really work hard, start a business with integrity, and forge ahead to make the "Four Constant" eternal in the market.
In the third year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1853), the Northern Expeditionary Army of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom invaded Zhili, and people in Beijing were in a panic. People who held silver tickets wanted to exchange them for money, resulting in the closure of more than 2 money shops. Some people were unable to exchange money because of the closure of money shops, and their silver tickets became a piece of waste paper, but the "Four Great Heng" was not affected. In 1939, the life of Tianjin Dashui citizens was seriously affected and suffered heavy losses. Tianjin Hengli Jindian rented a boat to distribute food, and the disaster relief activities attracted great attention from all walks of life and left a deep impression on Tianjin people. According to "Miscellaneous Notes on the Ruling and Opposition since Daoxian", "At that time, Jingshi Qianzhuang was first called Siheng, which started at the time of Ganjia. All of them were merchants in eastern Zhejiang, and Ningshao was the majority. They were stock-holders, with abundant capital and prosperous market." I also remember that "all official deposits and loans from rich households in Nine Cities depend on Mount Tai". It reflects the position of the Four Great Constants in the eyes of the general public and plays a decisive role in Beijing's financial industry.
In p>19 (the 26th year of Guangxu reign), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing and plundered it, and the "Four Great Heng" was devastated. According to historical records, "When Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, only four Heng's silver was robbed for three days, which shows that there were so many silver". After the event, Dong's assets were left after he exchanged the silver ticket to pay off his debts. Although he had been struggling for more than ten years, the four major banks closed around 191 due to poor strength, and Beijing's money industry was also in a slump. "A Brief History of China Finance" describes it like this: "In 19 (the 26th year of Guangxu), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded and looted along the way, and the banks in Beijing and Tianjin were not spared. They were plundered by the invaders, followed by burning, and the treasury, houses and deeds disappeared. Almost none of the more than 3 banks in Beijing survived, among which the four largest banks, also known as the so-called' four big banks', were all invaded. Since then, Beijing's money industry has been in a slump, and China's financial center has also moved from Beijing to Shanghai. "
In p>199 (the second year of Xuantong), the Dong Shi family suffered another misfortune. The Qing government borrowed 3 million taels of silver from the Dong Shi family on the grounds that there was a shortage of silver in the palace, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs issued an iou to repay it in the future. This sum could not be recovered when the Qing government perished. Dong Shi's family lost everything and was in trouble. In order to survive, they had to sell real estate as capital. They opened Hengli Gold Store on the original site of Hengyuan, made and operated gold and silver jewelry, and acquired Yong 'antang drugstore located at the southeast corner of Dongsi archway, which was in trouble due to poor capital turnover. After the opening of Tianjin Port after the Gengzi Incident, domestic and foreign trade flourished, and the market became increasingly prosperous. In 1928 (the 18th year of the Republic of China), Beijing Hengli Gold Store was closed, and the funds were transferred to Tianjin Hengli Gold Store for joint venture with Zhejiang countrymen named Zhu and Zhou. After the capital expansion, Hengli Gold Store hired Zhou Yinchu, a senior employee of Wuhualou Gold Store, which has great influence on Tianjin gold store industry, as the manager, specializing in red gold, tattooed silver jewelry, bracelets and other accessories, which greatly improved the quality and grade of accessories and gradually raised Tianjin gold store industry to a new level. Soon, the store was moved from Juyi Street to Xujie Street in the Japanese Concession. In order to expand its business, a branch called Hengli Jindian Xiahao (Xujie Store is called Shanghao) was opened next to the China Grand Theatre in the French Concession. The gold and silver jewelry produced was of good color, full weight, fine craftsmanship and genuine goods. In particular, the gold-wrapping technology is superior, and gold-wrapping jewelry is more popular with the middle and lower class citizens, farmers and ethnic minorities in the city, and has become a necessary thing for marriage and marriage. Therefore, it has improved quite a bit in business, and the annual dividend has become the main source of income for the Dong Shi family. Jim Chou, manager of Hengli Gold Store, was elected as the director of Tianjin General Chamber of Commerce, which shows the important position of Tianjin Gold Store in Tianjin business. Around 194, 14 gold and silver jewelry industries were listed as the most famous stores in Tianjin, only the 2-year-old Hengli Jindian with a capital of 1, yuan and Zhengyang Jindian with a capital of 4, yuan. According to the records in the Archives of Tianjin Chamber of Commerce, the earliest and enduring gold shop in Tianjin is Hengli Gold Shop.
after liberation, the financial assets were owned by the state. At this point, Hengli Gold Store and Old Hengli Bank closed their business according to law, and all the remaining funds were used to repay debts and lay off employees. The history of the "Four Great Constants" is completely over.