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The concept of reverse confusion

The word "reverse confusion" is not a concept in the traditional trademark legal system, but it was refined by American courts in the 197s through several related cases. China's trademark law does not explicitly stipulate the problem of "reverse confusion", and academic circles rarely discuss it. However, in judicial practice, due to the complexity of cases, the court inevitably touches on problems that cannot be solved by using traditional trademark confusion theory when dealing with trademark infringement litigation. The appearance of such cases has caused some thoughts in the judicial circles. Whether "reverse confusion" can be used as a basis for identifying trademark infringement and whether the current trademark confusion can expand to "reverse confusion" has raised new research topics for us.