1. Basic information
Taishun was founded in Jingtai in the third year of Ming Dynasty (1452), and the name of the county means "peaceful country, peaceful people and submissive people". Located in the southern mountainous area of Zhejiang Province, adjacent to Fujian Province. The total area of the county is 1761.5 square kilometers, showing the geographical pattern of "nine mountains, half water and half fields". The territory is covered with mountains, valleys, high mountains and lush forests, full of clouds, abundant rainfall, fresh air and clean environment. It is known as "Xanadu" and is a national ecological demonstration area. With beautiful environment and rich products, Wuyanling National Nature Reserve, known as "Natural Gene Bank of Biological Provenance" and "Green Ecological Museum", and Chengtian Radon Spring Provincial Nature Reserve, which enjoys the reputation of "a treasure trove of water" and "the first radon in the world". More than 3 well-preserved lounge bridge in the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties can be described as the reappearance of Hongqiao, which is famous at home and abroad. Tea is a traditional cash crop in Taishun County, with a long history of production. In the sixth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, Taishun County Records recorded: "There are many teas near the mountains, but Liudu Sixi and Sandu Nanqiao are the best." During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Taishun "Huangtang", "Baihao Yinzhen" and other teas sold well in Tianjin, Shanghai, Yingkou and other places, and exported to Southeast Asian countries. In the Qing Dynasty, Taishun's "Huangtang" and "Baihao Yinzhen" were listed as tribute teas, and in the 15th year of Jiaqing, they were listed in China Famous Tea Records. After liberation, Taishun mainly produces green tea, which is a "warm green" main producing area, one of the 1 key tea-producing counties in China and a national eyebrow tea export base county. In 1996, Taishun was named "China Tea Town" by the Ministry of Agriculture. Taishun enjoys a unique environment for tea production. Tea gardens are mostly built around mountains and forests, and its soil, water and atmosphere are clean and pollution-free. Tea trees have long been shrouded in clouds and fog, with long diffuse illumination time, large temperature difference between day and night in mountainous areas, abundant growth time of buds and leaves, good tenderness and rich accumulation of inclusions. The tea produced has Gao Shuang aroma, fresh taste, unique style and excellent natural quality. It was famous for "yellow soup" and "white silver needle" in ancient times, but now it is famous for "three cups of incense" and "Snow Dragon". "Tiantan" brand super rare eyebrows won the gold medal in the 25th World Food Expo, and famous teas such as "Three Cups of Fragrant Tea" and "Chengtian Snow Dragon" were well received by tea experts and consumers, and won numerous international and domestic famous tea appraisal awards. Products are sold to more than 2 provinces and cities in China and exported to Germany, the United States, Japan and other countries. The main sales areas are in large and medium-sized cities such as Hangzhou, Suzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and Wenzhou.
the county has an area of 49, mu of tea gardens, including 22, mu of improved tea gardens, and the coverage rate of improved varieties is 44%. It was rated as "the advanced county of improved tea varieties in Zhejiang Province in 22". The annual output of tea is more than 1,5 tons, with an output value of more than 5 million yuan. Among them, the output of "three cups of incense" is more than 6 tons, with an output value of more than 35 million yuan, accounting for 4% and 7% of the total output respectively. The output value of tea accounts for about 12% ~ 13% of the total agricultural output value of the county. The average yield per mu is 31kg, and the output value per mu is 12 yuan. Taishun has a rural population of 84, and 29, people, and there are about 3, farmers who produce and manage tea. The average tea garden area per household is 1.6 mu, and the average household produces 5 kilograms of tea with an output value of 1,67 yuan. There are 2 towns and villages with tea gardens over 1 mu in the county, of which 5 are over 3 mu. There are 7 towns and villages with an average tea garden of more than 1 mu. There are 1 townships with a total output of more than 5 tons of tea.
There are 137 tea processing plants in the county, including 129 primary tea processing plants: 2 with an annual output value of more than 1 million yuan, 8 with an annual output value of 5-1 million yuan, and 42 with an annual output value of 1-5 thousand yuan; 8 refining plants: 1 with an annual output value of more than 1 million yuan and 3 with an annual output value of 1 million to 5 million yuan.
at present, one enterprise in Taishun county has obtained the organic tea certification from the IMO organic quality certification institution of the European Union, one enterprise has obtained the AA-level double certification of organic tea and green food, the tea products of three enterprises have obtained the green food mark of the Ministry of Agriculture, one enterprise has been allowed to use the pollution-free safe tea mark of the Ministry of Agriculture, and one enterprise has been allowed to use the Wenzhou safe agricultural products mark. There are five leading agricultural enterprises above the municipal level, and more than 2 tea business enterprises with annual sales income of more than 1 million yuan.
At present, the tea industry has been designated as one of the four pillar industries of green benefit agriculture in our county, and "Sanbeixiang" is the leading product of Taishun tea. Taishun has four advantages in developing tea industry: one is the advantage of ecological environment. Taishun County's superior ecological environment conditions are unmatched by other counties and cities in Wenzhou. The second is the advantage of tea quality. The excellent internal quality from the unique aroma and taste is the biggest advantage of Taishun tea in winning market competition. The third is brand advantage. Taishun's "three cups of incense" is well known by consumers in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. The fourth is the basic advantage. The long history of production has produced rich production experience and technology accumulation, forming a profound accumulation of tea culture.
At present, the main problems are: 1. The tea gardens are scattered and the degree of specialization is not high; 2. The technology is lagging behind, the output is low, and the quality is difficult to guarantee; 3. Low degree of organization, small enterprise scale and weak industrial driving force; 4. There are too many brands, the market is scattered and the overall competitiveness is not strong.
2. Basic ideas and overall objectives
2.1 Basic ideas
The basic ideas for the development of Taishun tea industry are: gradually changing the traditional production mode and management mode, striving to promote the development and modernization of the tea industry, creating distinctive brands, and forming a large-scale and branded management group to adapt to the global market competition; Based on the advantages of eco-environmental resources in this region, adhere to the principle of "adapting measures to local conditions, scientific planning, developing advantageous industries in advantageous regions", implement pollution-free production, and gradually develop green and organic tea; Strengthen industrial layout planning and promote the construction of large-scale and standardized tea production bases; Improve varieties, increase yield, focus on quality, strive for characteristics, vigorously develop the production of "three cups of incense" and expand the scale of the leading product "three cups of incense"; Focus on cultivating leading enterprises with one-stop production, processing and marketing and integration of trade, industry and agriculture, and promote industrialized operation; Market-oriented, science and technology as the driving force, increasing farmers' income as the goal, and improving competitiveness as the core to make the tea industry bigger and stronger.
2.2 overall goal
the overall goal of the planning is: the tea industry clearly shows comparative benefits, its contribution rate to the national economy of the county is improved, its pillar role in Taishun agriculture and rural economy is manifested, its industrial structure is reasonable, its layout is reasonable, its production is stable, it faces domestic and foreign markets, its market share is expanding, and its sustainable development foundation is solid.
The basic goal is that by 21, the unified leading brand "Sanbeixiang" will be formed in the county, and the production and sales of the leading product "Sanbeixiang" tea will have a considerable scale and occupy a certain share in the market; The scale of leading enterprises is bigger, and the degree of industrial organization is improved; Basically complete the standardization transformation of tea processing plants, improve the degree of production mechanization and improve labor productivity; Leading enterprises' radiation-driven ability is enhanced; The market system has been continuously improved, with equal emphasis on both domestic and foreign sales, and the market is stable. The total area of tea gardens reaches 53, mu, and the proportion of improved tea gardens accounts for more than 6%, with a total output of 2,5 tons and an output value of 12 million yuan. There are 1,7 tons of famous tea, with an output value of 9 million yuan, including 35, mu of clonal tea garden.
3. Development planning
3.1 Production layout
3.1.1 Starting from the requirements of China's entry into WTO and promoting the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure in the new stage, according to the regional advantages, production traditions, production bases and technical conditions, we should adjust measures to local conditions, highlight key points, and give full play to the basic role of the market in allocating resources while rationally allocating production.
3.1.2 tea production bases
according to the regional advantages, production bases and technical conditions of each producing area, Yayang, Feng Liu, Songyang, Pengxi, Yuehu, Sankui, Da 'an, Xiyang, Yangxi, Zhouling, Shiyang, Wanpai, Xuexi, Dongxi, Guihu, Baizhang and Xiaocun are generally used. On the basis of Geyang Tea Farm and Shanyangping Tea Farm, organic tea and green food tea will be developed with the focus on villages and towns such as Xiaocun, Luo Yang, Baizhang and Xianren. Focus on the development of pollution-free tea in Yayang, Feng Liu, Sixi, Wanpai, Shiyang, Dongxi, Xuexi and Sankui.
The newly developed improved tea garden will focus on the towns and villages near the third line of highway and Wanpai, Guihu, Shiyang, Yangxi, Zhouling, Baizhang and Xianren.
moderately develop the fine variety tea garden around the origin of Baihao in Xiangguliao, and expand the production scale of Baihao in Xiangguliao.
3.1.3 tea primary processing plants
the county plans to build 3 key primary processing plants and 3 professional famous tea processing plants.
The villages and towns whose tea garden area is less than 2, mu are required to support the construction of a key primary factory; Villages and towns with a tea garden area of more than 2, mu are required to support the construction of 1 ~ 3 key primary factories. The principle of the layout of the primary tea factory is to arrange the tea factory according to the distribution of tea gardens. Under the premise of ensuring that fresh leaves can be processed nearby, the scale of the primary tea factory should be appropriately expanded, and the annual processing capacity should be about 3 ~ 5 tons.
3.1.4 tea refining plant
In principle, it is not recommended to build new refining plants at present. The production capacity of eight existing refining plants can meet the requirements in one stage. Technical transformation, equipment renewal and process improvement are required.
3.2 structural layout
Taishun tea industry needs a reasonable structural layout to maintain sustained, healthy and rapid development. The key is the rational utilization of resources and the maximization of benefits. Strive to use five years to adjust and form an ideal structure. Product structure
(1) Famous tea, high-quality tea and bulk tea coexist and maintain a reasonable proportion.
(2) mainly produce "three cups of incense", supplemented by other varieties of colors.
(3) Organic tea and green food tea account for more than 1% and 2% respectively, and the rest products are required to meet the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture for pollution-free tea.
3.2.2 variety structure
the development of improved tea gardens is combined with the protection of local tea gardens, the development of improved varieties and famous teas, the introduction of improved varieties and the development of local improved varieties, and the early, middle and late improved varieties are matched to form a scientific variety framework.
(1) Cloned tea plantations account for more than 6%. Among them, the ratio of early-growing varieties to middle-late-growing varieties is 4∶6.
(2) In the area below 3m above sea level, focus on planting early-growing varieties and developing early tea; Develop alpine tea in areas above 5m above sea level.
(3) protect local groups to grow tea gardens and develop improved tea gardens simultaneously, and expand the production scale of "three cups of incense".
3.3 main tasks
generally speaking, the main tasks of tea industry development in Taishun county are to speed up the innovation of economic system, management mode, production technology and marketing, and strengthen the standardization of product quality, business conduct, enterprise integrity and industry self-discipline.
At present, the tea industry in Taishun County is dominated by private enterprises. With the development of market economy, the tea industry has obvious weaknesses such as decentralized production, small enterprise scale and low competitiveness. Therefore, we must further innovate the economic system. First, cultivate leading enterprises to make them stronger and bigger; Second, on the basis of adhering to the contract responsibility system of agricultural household production, the scattered tea farmers will be organized and operated on a large scale; Third, take economy as a link to unite many processing and sales enterprises to form group advantages; Fourth, a strong alliance between production and marketing is implemented to form a large-scale and branded management group. Effectively improve production efficiency, reduce costs, ensure smooth and stable sales channels, and improve competitiveness. It is necessary to establish self-management, self-restraint, self-coordination, self-protection and self-service organizations, and conduct independent management under the macro guidance of national guidelines, policies and regulations. It is necessary to introduce the advanced technology and modern high-tech suitable for tea production through research and development into the whole process of tea production, processing and circulation, change the present situation of tea industry and improve the technical level of tea production. It is necessary to conduct market research, demand forecast and target market positioning, determine product development, make careful planning, and make great efforts to open up the market.
3.3.1 accelerate the construction of pollution-free tea base with high yield, high quality and high efficiency
(1) build standardized tea gardens, form a number of core high-quality and high-efficiency tea gardens with large scale, specialization and advanced production management level, and promote large-scale operation. The basic requirements of standardized tea garden are: first, there is a development plan, and the environmental conditions, topography and soil conditions meet the requirements of pollution-free tea garden; Second, the contiguous area is more than 5 mu; Third, complete road facilities and convenient transportation; Fourth, water diversion is convenient; Fifth, the management level of fertilization is good. Adhere to the principle of "focusing on reform and developing moderately" and transform and develop tea gardens in the planned area. First, continue to transform the old tea garden, and transform the middle and low yield tea garden by changing trees, soil, planting and planting according to the specific conditions. In recent years, more than 3, mu of tea gardens have been renovated every year, and a new round of tea garden renovation will be basically completed by 27. The second is to maintain more than 1,5 mu of newly developed tea gardens every year.
(2) popularize pollution-free production technology and speed up the identification of bases.
the first thing is to speed up the basic work. First, according to the reality of Taishun, study and formulate the technical regulations for pollution-free production of tea that are easy to operate and constantly updated to guide and standardize production; Second, improve the forecasting system of pests and diseases, and establish a perfect and integrated pest prevention and control system; The third is to strengthen environmental quality control. Fourth, by 27, five pollution-free demonstration bases with an area of 3,5 mu will be established, and pollution-free technologies will be fully promoted. The second is to fully promote standardized production technology. Furthermore, actively strive for quality certification. Enterprises and bases with mature conditions should strive for certification in time; Bases and enterprises that have obtained quality certification will strive to upgrade and expand their scale. The goal is to get the name of "pollution-free tea production base county"; By 27, there were more than 6, mu of certified organic tea gardens in the county, and more than 12, mu of tea bases were allowed to use the green food label. Self-owned brands and packaged tea products are all allowed to use the pollution-free and safe agricultural products logo.
(3) Strengthen the construction of "Sanbeixiang" key protected area. We will divide Xiaocun, Sixi, Shiyang, Wanpai, Pengxi, Luo Yang and other places into "Sanbeixiang" key protected areas, protect and develop local groups to grow tea gardens, popularize local fine varieties of morning tea, and focus on the development of "Sanbeixiang" production.
(4) accelerate the process of improved tea varieties. First, expand the construction of improved seed breeding base, and double the scale on the basis of producing 4-5 million tea seedlings every year, so that 1 million tea seedlings will be produced every year; Second, in the transformation of tea gardens, the proportion of replanting and improving varieties accounts for 1/3, that is, about 1 mu per year;
thirdly, all newly developed tea gardens must adopt clonal varieties.
3.3.2 Accelerate the transformation of primary tea processing plants and the construction of specialized famous tea processing plants
(1) Build standardized primary tea processing plants in. The basic requirements of the standardization factory are: first, advanced technology, complete equipment and good operation; Second, it has certain processing capacity; Third, the workshop and auxiliary sites, storage and packaging sites are abundant in space, matching with mechanical equipment and processing capacity; Fourth, the environmental conditions and sanitary conditions meet the requirements, isolated from the management area and living area, and far away from residential areas; Fifth, convenient transportation; Sixth, tea production technical workers hold certificates.
(2) build a professional tea processing factory. The famous tea processing factory mainly promotes mechanization, changes the current pattern of processing flat famous tea, stabilizes the processing technology of leading products, and increases