△ Our school's green chemistry research team is in Hami grape demonstration base.
The research team of the Institute of Green Chemical Engineering of our school has been engaged in the basic theoretical research of water-retaining agent since 1997, adhering to Ms. He Xiangning's school-running philosophy and combining the characteristics of our school. At present, in the basic research of water-retaining agent, 5 doctoral dissertations and 5 master's dissertations have been completed, and more than one related academic paper 100 has been published in academic journals at home and abroad, of which 28 papers have been accepted by the three major universities. In recent years, water-retaining agent has made gratifying achievements in product development, industrial production, agricultural and forestry application research and demonstration and popularization. In 2004, Zhuhai Demi Chemical Co., Ltd. built a 2500-ton/year water-retaining agent production device, and developed and put into production more than 100 kinds of water-retaining agent products. Some water-retaining agent products are exported to the international market, which has produced considerable ecological, social and economic benefits. This year, a multifunctional water-retaining agent production device with an annual output of 5,000 tons will be built in Hami, Xinjiang.
Hami, Xinjiang, located in the hinterland of Eurasia, is one of the driest areas in China. The average annual precipitation in this area is only more than 30 mm, but the evaporation is about 3300 mm. The process of soil desertification and salinization makes the ecological environment of Hami worse and worse. Hami melon, grapes and red dates are important sources of income for local farmers, but the lack of water resources has seriously affected their planting area and product quality. Therefore, the research topic of "Research on the Production and Application of New Multifunctional Water-retaining Agent" in our school was approved by Guangdong Science and Technology Department in 2004, and was carried out in Hami, Xinjiang, with the support of our province.
After more than a year and thousands of comparative tests by all the project team, a new multifunctional water-retaining agent suitable for Hami's climate and soil characteristics was finally developed in June 2005. This kind of water-retaining agent has strong water absorption and retention, and can absorb water hundreds or even thousands times heavier than itself, and the absorbed water will not overflow even under high pressure. As a soil water-retaining agent, it can absorb a lot of rainfall and irrigation water, prevent water leakage and evaporation, and release slow water for plants to absorb and utilize when the soil is dry and short of water. It can also reduce the temperature difference between day and night and improve the soil structure and physical and chemical properties. At present, our water-retaining agent has been applied to cash crops such as afforestation, dry farming, litchi, longan, vegetables and flowers in Hami, Turpan, Urumqi, Yan 'an, Zhanjiang, Maoming and Shaoguan, Guangdong. The cumulative promotion area reached 654.38+10,000 mu, and the cumulative water saving reached 10 million cubic meters.
Second, the fruits of innovation.
Thanks to the efforts of many scientific researchers in our school, a major breakthrough has been made in the research on the production and application technology of new multifunctional water-retaining agent, which can preserve water and fertilizer. This kind of scientific research achievement, which is oriented by basic research and driven by product development and application promotion, has not only been highly praised by experts, but also welcomed by local farmers of all ethnic groups. Experts believe that the advancement and innovation of this scientific research achievement based on independent innovation are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
△ Dr. Jia Zhenyu's research group is in the desert afforestation demonstration base in Bauer Town, Hami.
Firstly, using abundant natural resources and waste resources in Xinjiang, such as animal feathers, cottonseed processing wastes, etc., a variety of water-retaining agents with low price, anti-aging, outstanding weather resistance and controllable degradation were developed, and the water-retaining agents were endowed with multiple functions by compound technology; Secondly, the standardized technical regulations for the application of water-retaining agent in different crops were established, which laid the foundation for the large-scale popularization and application of water-retaining agent. Third, actively promote the application and popularization of water-retaining agent in arid areas of Xinjiang. At present, it has been applied to desert afforestation, grapes, cotton, cantaloupe, jujube and other crops in Urumqi, Turpan, Hami and other places, with an average water saving of 15 ~ 30% and a cumulative water saving of 10 million cubic meters. At the same time, it has the advantages of increasing production and improving. Fourth, realize the combination of Industry-University-Research and actively promote the transformation of this achievement, and prepare to build a new multifunctional water-retaining agent production device with an annual output of 5,000 tons in Hami, Xinjiang; Fifth, there is no discharge of "three wastes" in the production process of the new multifunctional water-retaining agent. The produced water-retaining agent is a pollution-free green environmental protection product, which is non-toxic and harmless and has stable physical and chemical properties. It will not react in the natural environment, but will slowly degrade itself after long-term repeated water absorption, and will not have adverse effects on soil and plants.
Third, all parties praised it.
On June 65438+1October 65438+August, 2005, Guangdong Science and Technology Department held an appraisal meeting of scientific and technological achievements in Hami, Xinjiang, and experts recognized that the achievements were leading in China and advanced in the world. The appraisal conclusion is that the new multifunctional water-retaining agent is a new polymer water-retaining material, which can quickly absorb water hundreds of times its own weight without water, and release it slowly, with no toxicity and pollution, and high safety. It can be widely used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, urban greening, sand prevention and so on, and has the functions of water conservation, water saving, fertilizer conservation, drought resistance, cost reduction and income increase. In the history of agriculture, it is a new agricultural chemical after pesticide, fertilizer and plastic film, which has revolutionary significance.
On August 9th, 2006, 18- 19 was held in Hami, Xinjiang. The research results of the production and application of water-retaining agent in our school were highly praised by more than 20 experts from universities and research institutes all over the country. Ma Xianmin, deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology, said that the purpose of holding this "National Seminar on the Production and Application of Water-retaining Agents" is to provide an exchange platform for scientific and technological workers who are mainly engaged in the research, development, production and application of water-retaining agents all over the country to get together for the same ideal and make our efforts to jointly explore the development of water-retaining agents in China to a new stage. "
Li Zenglai, deputy director of the Science and Technology Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, commented: "Chemical water conservation technology is an important agricultural technology. Compared with drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation water-saving technology and agronomic water-saving technology, water-retaining agent directly applied to soil can improve soil water-holding capacity and reduce soil water leakage and evaporation. Therefore, the agricultural water-saving technology of water-retaining agent has incomparable and irreplaceable advantages. "
Sui Zhiqiang, director of the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said: "The Ministry of Science and Technology has put water-saving work on an important agenda in accordance with the relevant instructions of the party and state leaders to solve the drought and improve the water-saving level. On August 15, the Ministry organized an international seminar on drought resistance and water saving. Today, I saw Professor Cui Yingde, a heavyweight water-retaining agent expert in China, successfully studying the water-retaining agent that has become a famous trademark in Guangdong Province for many years, and put it in Hami for a long-term adaptive comparative experiment, which made a major breakthrough in extremely arid areas.
Professor Jin Tang, former deputy director of the Department of Chemistry of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and professor of Tsinghua University, happily wrote a poem after attending the national seminar on the production and application of water-retaining agents and visiting the demonstration base, congratulating our school on its success in promoting the use of multifunctional water-retaining agents in Xinjiang.
Eco-agriculture is leading.
The dream of dry sand is not round.
Zhong Kai launches new water-retaining products.
Strive for the laurel of Xinjiang (note 1)
"Doctor" Melon Hongnong City (Note 2)
Lush Salix green sandbars
Ten years of training means persistence.
Once you become a butterfly, you can go to heaven (note 3)
—— Jintang was written in Hami, Xinjiang on August 18, 2006.
Note: 1: Over the past three years, the application of this water-retaining agent in Xinjiang has reached more than 654.38+10,000 mu, involving desert afforestation, vegetables, melons and fruits, gardening and other varieties, and achieved good results in water saving and drought resistance and improving product quality. Note 2: Many young doctors from this school participated in the popularization and application of water-retaining agent in Xinjiang, which was well received by local people. The products they cultivate with water-retaining agents are called "doctor's cards". Note 3: There is a saying in scientific and technological circles that an excellent scientific research project should be indomitable spirit. Land refers to the basic work of science, and heaven refers to products and markets, which serve the harmonious development of national economy and society.
Fourth, benefit farmers.
Practice is the only criterion for testing truth. For any scientific and technological achievement, the most important thing is the application effect. At present, our school's water-retaining agent has brought great benefits to local farmers in grape planting, desert afforestation and jujube planting in Hami and Turpan, Xinjiang. The local farmers truly showed us their joy.
In the jujube garden of Team 3, Village 4, Wubao Township, the village chief Keranmu Insupu said, "Due to severe water shortage, jujube trees have been growing for eight years, and there has been no yield. The people are desperate for this place, but they only water it three or four times a year to save the life of jujube trees. Unexpectedly, this spring, 42 acres of land were watered three or four times after using water-retaining agent, but there were many fruits, with an average output of 60 fresh fruits per acre. Jujube trees without water-retaining agent are obviously poor in growth. When the villagers saw the benefits, they all contacted the village and prepared to use water-retaining agents in all 600 mu of jujube trees and 670 mu of grape fields in the village next year. "
In the vineyard in Shannan Development Zone of Huoshiquan, Balikun, contractor Chen said: "In April this year 16, water-retaining agent was used on 8 mu of sand leakage, and the effect was very obvious. One is that there are many fruits, and the other is that the fruit grains are relatively uniform, and the phenomenon of large and small grains is less. In terms of watering times, it needs to be watered 12- 14 times in previous years. By using water-retaining agent, the watering times are 8- 10.
Gao Dehong, vice captain of the Second Team of Rocket Farm Garden, pointed to several furrow grapes in front of us and said to us: "This year, we used water-retaining agents in three contracting points, namely, Li and Wu. The same feature is that we used one-third less water than the fields without water-retaining agents, and the commercial fruits were three or four hundred kilograms higher than those without water-retaining agents. According to the free sale of 2 yuan per kilogram, per mu.
The desert vegetation afforestation area in the old village of Bauer Town covers an area of 700 mu, mainly planting Haloxylon ammodendron and red willow. At the beginning of 2005, Wang Xingwu, director of the regional greening office, led everyone to do experiments here. According to the local soil conditions, put about 20 grams of new multifunctional water-retaining agent in each planting hole and water it only three times a year and a half. By August this year, the water had not been poured once. Now Haloxylon ammodendron and red willow have grown to about 2 meters. Farmer Zhang Jianxin said, "In the past, sand and stones were flying here, and desertification was serious. When spring comes, people can't open their eyes and mouths. At the beginning of last year, this sapling was only twenty or thirty centimeters high, and now it has grown to more than two meters high. The effect of water retaining agent is quite good. "
Ma Debao, a farmer from Yawulong Village, Taojiagong Township, spoke highly of the hundreds of acres of Haloxylon ammodendron water-retaining agent newly planted in the regional afforestation center last year: "When there was no greening in previous years, the wind and sand here were very severe. Neighbor Zhang Wanqing's house, which is more than 0/00 meters north of my home, was surrounded by sand, so his family had to move out. In the past, after a strong wind in spring, the sand in my house and yard had to be pulled out by tractors, and 15 mu of cotton fields sold at most 10 million a year. Because Haloxylon ammodendron grows in this area, there is no sand at all when the west wind blows again. Last year, more than 30,000 cotton trees were sold. Dozens of Haloxylon ammodendron in the back of my house were tested by scientific and technical personnel the year before last, nothing special.
Farmers generally report that the use of the new multifunctional water-retaining agent provided by our school has obvious effects of saving water, increasing production and improving survival rate. Afforestation in desert not only saves 20%-30% of water, but also improves the survival rate by more than 30%, and the seedlings grow rapidly, even in the same year. Taking the grape demonstration base as an example, the farmers calculated an account for us: after using water-retaining agent, the utilization rate of fertilizer increased by 30%; During the growth period, the average irrigation times changed from 12 to 8 times; The output of commercial fruit increased by 30%, with an output value of 2250 yuan per mu and a profit of 1708 yuan. The profit per mu is increased by 408 yuan per year, which is about 800 yuan in two years.
△ Hami farmers are talking about the application effect of water retaining agent.
The water balance test of Huomei Hong Jun Power Plant Phase II (2× 150 MW) was carried out, and the water balance test method and equipment were introduced. Through the analysis of water balance test results, we can master the water consumption of each water system in Huomei Hong Jun self-provided power plant, and understand the internal pipe network, water consumption of each production unit and water balance relationship. At the same time, according to the block diagram of water balance, the rational water use of each water user is analyzed, the unreasonable water use phenomenon is put forward, and the corresponding technical and management reasons are analyzed. Combined with the water-saving measures taken by power plants at present, the ways to save water are found, and the water-saving potential of power plants is analyzed, so as to save water, strengthen the water management of power plants, improve the rational water use level of power plants and promote economic development.