The concept of goods is the development and extension of materials. In the process of China's economic development, in the middle and late 2th century, industrial production materials, including mechanical and electrical equipment and tools as labor means, and raw materials, materials, fuels, spare parts and low-value consumables as labor objects, including production materials and living materials, are generally referred to as materials. However, in recent years, with the rise of logistics, "materials" are generally changed to "goods" in social terms, which expands the content and scope of materials. In the national standard "Logistics Terminology", the definition of article refers to the material data related to the flow of entities in economic activities. Therefore, "materials" are not only means of production and means of subsistence, but also include the content of "entity flow" in the category of "materials".

goods management is an important content of project management activities, which includes the planning, purchasing, storage and supply of goods. Goods procurement is the activity of drawing up goods procurement plan according to the needs of the project, conducting market research and analysis on the quality, price and suppliers of the goods needed by the project, selecting the appropriate suppliers, determining the delivery and related conditions, signing contracts and receiving and paying the payment as required.

Geological survey projects have the characteristics of long period, high risk, strong exploration, large production mobility and knowledge-intensive, which are influenced by the level of science and technology and the degree of cognition of geological technicians to objective geological laws, as well as the geological conditions, construction conditions, natural geographical conditions and regional economic development level. Therefore, the management of geological survey items has its own particularity compared with the production and operation of modern enterprises. However, the concept of goods management is basically the same as that of enterprises, that is, reducing procurement cost, reducing inventory quantity, controlling consumption of goods and materials, avoiding waste of materials, ensuring supply of goods and materials, improving turnover rate of working capital and increasing economic benefits.

I. Classification of articles

Articles are classified according to different standards, and their types are varied, with many names, such as materials, materials, means of production, capital goods, etc. In the field of manufacturing, people generally divide articles into three types:

(1) Raw materials and accessories (BOM) refer to raw materials, spare parts and semi-finished products that directly enter products. Raw materials refer to the basic materials that constitute the main body of tangible products, mainly including unprocessed primary raw materials such as coal, iron ore, crude oil and cotton, as well as moderately processed raw materials such as steel, gasoline and rubber. Parts refer to single parts and parts composed of multiple parts, such as automobiles, engines, air-conditioning compressors, etc. Semi-finished products refer to items that have been assembled or processed but are still in the production process.

(2) non-product materials (non-bon) Non-bon, also known as NPR, is non-product materials, which are all items in the enterprise that do not directly enter the product itself. Including all kinds of machinery manufacturing equipment, all kinds of low-value consumables, such as lubricating oil, freezing liquid, welding electrode tools, etc., office supplies such as furniture, computers, stationery, etc.

(3) resale product refer to finished products that are not manufactured in enterprises but purchased from suppliers with enterprise trademarks. With the acceleration of economic globalization, the international industrial division of labor is becoming more and more obvious, and the interdependence between enterprises is becoming stronger and stronger. Some enterprises with obvious technology or brand advantages first provide technology or brand to the selected suppliers, and the suppliers organize production as required, and then purchase all products from the suppliers, and then provide them to the market under their own brands and names. The manifestation of geological survey results (products) is a carrier of information. Therefore, the items consumed generally include main materials, auxiliary materials, fuels, power and tools, and various pipes that are often consumed. In terms of the shape of the items, they generally do not enter the geological survey results (products), and most of them belong to non-product materials.

ii. contents of goods management

the contents of goods management mainly include the planning, purchasing, storage and supply of goods. Like other material production activities, it has three elements of production, namely, labor force-relevant staff engaged in goods management; Labor materials-storage and transportation facilities for all kinds of goods management; Labor object-goods purchased, stored and supplied. Therefore, goods management is included in the whole production process and has the nature of production.

1. Planned management of goods

Planned management of goods is an important embodiment of specific functions in project management, and it is to formulate the purchase and supply plan of goods according to the overall strategy and objectives of the project, the number of projects and the market demand.

2. Purchase of goods

According to the purchase plan of goods, put forward the purchase demand. On the basis of market investigation and analysis on the quality, price, suppliers and other resources needed for the project, the appropriate suppliers are selected, the relevant delivery conditions are determined, the contract is signed and the payment is made as required.

3. Storage of articles

The storage management of articles is mainly to do a good job in the acceptance and warehousing of articles, storage and maintenance of articles, inventory control, automatic management of warehousing and delivery of articles.

4. Supply of goods

The supply management of goods is to work out the supply plan, picking plan, picking approval, quota supply and recycling according to the actual situation and consumption quota of the project, and strengthen the consumption control and management of goods quota management.