Tobacco is a wild plant growing in South America. At first, Indians chewed tobacco leaves or made them into cigarettes to burn and smoke. Tobacco has prevailed in the world for more than 200 years, and it was not until the 20th century that human beings began to realize the harm of tobacco to human beings. 1977, the American Cancer Society first proposed a publicity and education method to control smoking-No Tobacco Day.

On this day, the United States launched a nationwide "smoking is harmful to health" publicity campaign to discourage smokers from smoking that day, and shops stopped selling tobacco products for one day. The United States has designated the Thursday of the third week of June 165438+ 10 as its own No Tobacco Day. Since then, Britain, Malaysia, China and other countries and regions have also formulated No Tobacco Days. ?

1987165438+1October, the United Nations World Health Organization suggested that April 7th every year be designated as "World No Tobacco Day", which was implemented in 1988.

However, since April 7th is the anniversary of the establishment of the World Health Organization, on this day every year, the World Health Organization will put forward a theme health care requirement. In order not to interfere with the presentation of its health theme, the World Health Organization decided from 1989 to designate May 3 1 as World No Tobacco Day, and China also designated this day as China No Tobacco Day.

No smoking regulations on World No Tobacco Day

White paper on public health

In March 2005, the British Ministry of Health published the White Paper on Public Health, promising to gradually ban smoking in workplaces, restaurants and bars that can provide catering services in four years.

In order to achieve this goal, the government first passed legislation to ban smoking. According to the bill passed by the British House of Commons, smoking will be banned in all public places in England from July 1 2008.

Smokers in non-smoking areas will be fined 50 pounds; Places without "No Smoking" signs will be fined 200 to1000; Business owners in non-smoking places will be fined up to 2500 pounds if they don't quit smoking. Previously, Scotland and Northern Ireland had implemented smoking bans in March 2006 and March 2008 respectively.

Secondly, strictly restrict and manage tobacco sales. At the beginning of 2003, the Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Restriction Act implemented in Britain stipulated that tobacco companies were prohibited from sponsoring various sports events in the form of trademarks. After June 2006, all activities that directly or indirectly encourage the expansion of tobacco consumption, such as tobacco advertising and publicity, were completely banned except introducing tobacco to buyers in tobacco trade.

Third, tobacco taxes are constantly increasing. After 1998, the tobacco tax in Britain increased by an average of 5% every year. At present, the taxes and fees levied by the British government on tobacco account for 80% of the tobacco price, ranking second in the world.

Fourth, raise the legal age for buying cigarettes. On June 65438+ 10/day, 2008, the British government announced that in June 2008, the legal age for buying cigarettes in England and Wales would be raised from 1 6 to 18 to reduce the number of young smokers.

Fifth, strengthen smoking cessation. Specific measures include: providing free counseling and free smoking cessation drugs for those who intend to quit smoking, cooperating with pharmaceutical companies to develop smoking cessation drugs, and providing free nicotine substitutes for smokers who intend to quit smoking but are addicted to cigarettes, especially pregnant women.

Sixth, intensify efforts to crack down on cigarette smuggling. Customs officials are free to inspect tobacco retail stores and have the right to sue dealers who sell smuggled cigarettes.

At present, the anti-smoking action has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in Britain. Polls show that nearly 90% non-smokers support the anti-smoking law; 99% of business owners said that they are ready for the implementation of the ban; About 40% of smokers intend to quit smoking as soon as possible.

Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

In order to reduce the harm of tobacco, the World Health Assembly proposed to negotiate ——FCTC in May 1996.

1In May 1999, the 52nd World Health Assembly decided to start the negotiation of the convention, which was determined to be completed in May 2003. From June 5, 2000 to 10, the intergovernmental negotiations on the Convention were officially launched, and the final text of the Convention was adopted in March 2003.

In May, 2003, at the 56th World Health Assembly held in Geneva, 65,438+092 members of the World Health Organization unanimously adopted the first global convention on tobacco control, which provided a legal framework for global tobacco control and human health protection.

The Convention and its Protocol have clear provisions on the composition, packaging, advertising, promotion, sponsorship, price and tax of tobacco and its products.

The main objective of the Convention is to provide a framework for the contracting parties to implement tobacco control measures at the national, regional and global levels, thereby greatly reducing the frequency of tobacco use and exposure to "second-hand smoke", and thus protecting present and future generations from the destructive impact of tobacco on health, society, environment and economy.

On February 27th, 2005, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control came into force. This is the first legally binding international public health treaty reached under the auspices of the World Health Organization and the first global multilateral agreement on tobacco.

As of July 2007, there are 148 contracting parties, covering more than 80% of the global population. 145 states parties have ratified the convention and entered into force. Russia decided to join the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

In June 2003, China became the 77th signatory of the Convention. In August 2005, the National People's Congress voted to ratify the Convention, and in June 5438, the instrument of ratification was formally deposited with the United Nations.

After the entry into force of the Convention, all contracting parties must strictly abide by the provisions of the Convention: increasing tobacco prices and taxes, prohibiting tobacco advertising, prohibiting or restricting sponsorship activities of tobacco dealers, cracking down on tobacco smuggling, prohibiting the sale of cigarettes to minors, labeling cigarette packets with warnings that smoking is harmful to health, and taking measures to reduce passive smoking in public places.

Hazards of Smoking It is clearly pointed out in the Convention that smoking will lead to addiction, and smoking and passive smoking will lead to "death, disease and loss of function". We are alert to the increasing number of children and adolescents who smoke and the influence of tobacco advertising and promotion methods.