What is IQC/IPQC/OQC?

QC quality control, which is quality inspection, is generally called inspection

IPQC (In-Process Quality Control) quality Manage project process inspection

FQC Finished Product Quality Control (Finish or Final Quality Control)

IQC Incoming Material Inspection is raw material inspection

QC is at a higher level than QA Low, generally speaking, it is inspection

1. Raw material inspection (IQC)

l Incoming raw material inspection includes three aspects:

① Inventory inspection: raw materials Whether the product name, specifications, model, quantity, etc. are consistent with the actual situation is generally completed by the warehouse management personnel.

② Quality inspection: Check whether the physical, chemical and other properties of raw materials comply with the corresponding raw material inspection regulations. Sampling inspection is generally used.

③ Trial inspection: Take small batch samples for production and check whether the production results meet the requirements.

l Handling of unqualified incoming materials:

① Marking: Mark "unqualified" on the outer packaging, stack it in the "unqualified area" or hang the "unqualified" sign Cards etc.

② Disposal: return or transfer or other special purchases.

③ Corrective measures: Provide relevant requirements or suggestions to suppliers to prevent the recurrence of batch failures.

l Emergency release: Due to urgent need for production, materials that need to be used before the inspection report is released are emergency release. Samples need to be kept for inspection, and the released materials must be specially marked and recorded so that they can be tracked when necessary.

l Special procurement:

① Procurement of materials from non-qualified suppliers - strengthen inspection.

② Materials used after failing inspection - selected or repaired for use.

l Special attention should be paid to the losses caused by substandard products:

① It was discovered during the investment stage that the loss cost was 1 yuan.

② It was discovered during the production stage that the loss cost was 10 yuan.

③ Found in the hands of the customer, the loss cost is 100 yuan.

2. Process inspection (IPQC)

l The inspection scope of IPQC includes:

① Products: quality of semi-finished products and finished products.

② Personnel: The operator’s process execution quality and equipment operation skills are poor.

③ Equipment: Equipment operating status and load level.

④ Process and technology: Whether the process is reasonable and whether the technology meets the product characteristics requirements.

⑤ Environment: Whether the environment is suitable for product production needs.

l Process product inspection: There are great differences and flexibility in the inspection methods for product inspection. The inspection methods can be more flexible based on the actual production situation and product characteristics.

2 Full inspection by quality inspectors: Applicable to process products with multiple varieties, small batches, and fatally defective items when key processes are being transferred. If the workload is large, if the work is qualified, it will be allowed to be transferred to the order or stored in the warehouse. If it is not qualified, the operating staff will be required to immediately rework or return for maintenance.

2 Sampling inspection by quality inspectors: It is suitable for process products that are in large quantities, have low unit value, and have no fatal defects when the general process is transferred.

2 Employee self-inspection: Operators first perform self-inspection on the products they process. Only after passing the inspection can they be sent to the next process. It can improve the pass rate of product circulation and reduce the workload of quality inspectors. It is difficult to manage and control, and sudden abnormalities may occur from time to time.

2 Mutual inspection of employees: Operators in the next process inspect the products of the employees in the previous process, and they may not accept defective products from the previous process. Mutual supervision is conducive to mobilizing enthusiasm, but it can also lead to cover-up. , noisy, etc. causing abnormal quality phenomena.

2 Combination of multiple methods: organically combine various inspection plans to learn from each other's strengths and prevent defective products from flowing into the next process or into the warehouse, but the inspection cost is high.

l Process quality inspection: inspection of personnel, equipment, process technology environment, etc.

3. Finished product factory inspection (OQC)

Factory inspection must be carried out before finished products leave the factory, in order to achieve the goal of zero defective products leaving the factory, customer satisfaction and zero complaints.

Inspection items include:

① Finished product packaging inspection: whether the packaging is firm and meets transportation requirements, etc.

② Finished product identification inspection: such as whether the trademark batch number is correct.

③ Finished product appearance inspection: Check whether the appearance is damaged, cracked, scratched, etc.

④ Functional performance inspection of finished products.

If the batch is qualified, it will be released. If it is not qualified, it should be reworked or repaired in time until it passes the inspection.