The first kind, monk Hu. Legend has it that when Xuanzang went west, several monks from Hu accompanied him. Hu monks generally refer to monks from northern China, western regions or foreign countries. Through some film and television dramas, we can see the image of monk Hu: thick hair, thin figure and dark skin. From the appearance, it is not very similar to us, and the rumor is wrong, so there is such a saying.
The second kind, Shipantou. Shipanto is from the Western Region. He became a mage of Master Xuanzang for several days.
One night, Master Xuanzang was resting when Shipanto suddenly got up and walked slowly to Master Xuanzang with a knife. Master Xuanzang saw it and knew that he had ulterior motives, so he read the sutra (I was a little surprised to read this paragraph), but Shipanto was frightened and turned and walked back to lie down. After two days, he was unfaithful many times and was dealt with by Master Xuanzang. Finally, he blackmailed some money and Master Xuanzang's horse and left.
Third, the Indian monkey Hanuman. This view was put forward by Mr. Hu Shi. India has an epic masterpiece Ramayana. The book says Hanuman is tall, with a long tail and a thunderous voice. He can move mountains and fill seas, catch clouds, and his face and body can change at will. These characteristics are in line with the Monkey King's versatility, seventy-two changes, the ability to walk on clouds, and a large group of people whistling in the wind? Children? .
Fourth, there is no support. This statement was put forward by Mr. Lu Xun: Wuqi is a water monster in China's ancient myth Shan Hai Jing. He is shaped like an ape, with a flat nose, a protruding forehead, a white head and green body, and golden eyes. His head and neck are 100 feet long, and his strength exceeds that of nine elephants. He often makes waves in the Huaihe River, endangering the people. Where's it? The battle is advancing by leaps and bounds, and the light profit is sudden? The shape is similar to that of the Monkey King. Yu summoned a group of gods, who captured Wu alive, locked his neck with a big chain, put a golden bell on his nose and suppressed him at the foot of Guishan Mountain in Huaiyin. Since then, Huai River has quietly flowed into the East China Sea.
Fifth, Taoist monkeys. On the main peak of Baoshan in the northwest of Shunchang County, Nanping City, Fujian Province, there is a small temple of 20 square meters at an altitude of 1305 meters. There are two stone tablets standing in parallel in front of the temple, and the stone tablet on the left is carved horizontally on it. Baofeng? Two small characters in regular script, carved vertically in the middle? The Monkey King? Four regular script characters, the bottom of which is carved horizontally? Divine position? Two small characters, the outline of the inscription is decorated with embossed ruyi grass; Right stele vertical engraving? Great sage? Four regular script characters, the bottom of which is carved horizontally? Divine position? Two small characters, the outline of the inscription is decorated with embossed ruyi grass pattern.
The most wonderful thing is that there are not only tombstones of the Great Sage of Qi Tian and the Great Sage of Tian Tong, but also funeral supplies with golden hoops. It is said that they are precious ice and meteorites, which are rare in the world. However, there is also a saying. Golden hoop? It is actually a kind of limestone, which takes hundreds of millions of years to form.
About this news, first add a knowledge point: In Journey to the West, it is said that the author is Wu Cheng'en, and there is no record of Wu Cheng'en's behavior in history. The current version of Journey to the West was engraved in the 20th year of Wanli (1592). Journey to the West, a new official role? , abbreviation? Shide Tang Ben? Or? Shiben? .
The Journey to the West, which many of us are reading now, is published by People's Literature Publishing House, which is based on the books in Beijing Library? Shide Tang Ben? The book was first published in 1955 and has been printed many times since then. 1980 was reorganized, and the newly discovered Ming Chongzhen edition was checked based on Shidetang edition, which corrected some omissions in the first edition of 1955. It can be seen that even The Journey to the West People's Literature Publishing House 1955 edition and 1980 edition are different.
With the passage of time, many different versions of The Journey to the West have appeared, and their contents may be quite different.
After the Tang Dynasty, there were many legends about monkey spirits among the people. Three words? There is an article in Yu Shi Ming Yan? Chen Meiling lost his family? It's about the Monkey King the Monkey King stealing his wife.
You can see an interview on the Internet. In the interview, Mr. Chen said: the Monkey King is a rare book in ancient times? Color monkey? It probably came from here.
At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Yang Jingxian adapted the story of Tang Priest's learning from the scriptures into a zaju, which was called Yang version of The Journey to the West. In the Yang version of The Journey to the West, the Monkey King, a fairy monkey in Buddhist stories, merged with the Monkey King, a folk monkey, creating a the Monkey King the Monkey King, which is a combination of Buddhism and Taoism.
The Monkey King in Yang's The Journey to the West has a confession, which he said.
? The little sage has five brothers and sisters: the mother of the elder sister Shan Li, the second sister Wu Zhizuo, the eldest brother Qi Tian Sheng Da, the younger brother Tian Tong Shengda, and the third brother plays Saburo. .
That is to say, in the Yang version of The Journey to the West, the title of the Monkey King is actually called, and his eldest brother is called Qitian! Then, what about this one in Fujian? The Monkey King? Not the one we know? The Monkey King? .
Sixth, the monks in the Tang Dynasty released Wukong. Shi Wukong's common name is Che Fengchao. He is indeed a disciple of Master Sanzang, but this Master Sanzang is not Xuanzang, but a relic of the Northern Tianzhu Kingdom. The Journey to the West once said that the relics placed at the top of the Gisaifo Pagoda were stolen. Now there is an online song "Ben Bo Ban Er and babor Ben" which started here, and this story is also based on the relic Moon Magic. Che Fengchao practiced martial arts since childhood (according to legend, the weapon he used was also a 36-catty cooked iron bar). Later, at the behest of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was sent to the guest country of North Tianzhu with eunuch Zhang Taoguang.
According to legend, after three years and 81 years, it was difficult for this delegation to reach the Winter Palace in the northern Tianzhu (four sounds of auspicious reading)-Ganduo King City (the meaning of the Winter Palace is relative to the meaning of Lhasa to Tibet), and it was warmly welcomed from all over the country.
Che Fengchao didn't end up like the Monkey King, so he had to become a Buddha. /kloc-After arriving in the host country in October, the mission returned to Beijing, but Che Fengchao was infected with a strange disease and was dying, so he could not follow the divisions to return home. Under the careful care of Master Sanzang, Che Fengchao recovered from illness, but did not return to China immediately, but became a monk under Master Sanzang Todoroki.
Thirty years later, Che Fengchao's homesickness became more and more serious. He left home and went home. His mentor, Master Sanzang, gave the tooth relic, the Ten Ground Sutra, the Round Sutra and the Ten Power Sutra of Sakyamuni Buddha to Che Fengchao.
In the sixth year of Zhenyuan (AD 790), Che Fengchao returned to Chang 'an, the capital of China, with Buddhist scriptures and Buddhist relics. When Che Feng, who was in his sixties, dedicated the Buddha's teeth and scriptures to Tang Dezong, Dezong was overjoyed and made him a big official. However, when he came home in rags, he was greeted by the graves of his parents and wife.
Che Fengchao, who had no worries, later returned to Chang 'an and asked the emperor to continue to become a monk. Tang Dezong agreed, give the law number? Wukong? He lives in Zhangjing Temple in Chang 'an and preaches Buddhism. As a Buddhist, Wukong naturally takes the dissemination of Buddhism and the translation of scriptures as his primary tasks, and has also written a book "Wukong enters Zhu Ji". Twenty years later, he left Zhangjing Temple and went to Dharma Temple. In 8 12, Wukong died at the age of 82.
This is the prototype of the Monkey King, which I think is the most reliable and the greatest the Monkey King.