organizational evolution
Yunyang belongs to Liangzhou in summer. Shang and Zhou dynasties belong to Yong countries. Later, it belonged to Pakistan and Chu. In the late warring States period, it belonged to the state of Qin, and it was originally located in the county. In the early years of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (566-568), the county magistrate moved from Wanhuyi (now old county Ping) to Tangkou (now Yunyang Town), and the county was named Yun 'an. In the sixth year of Song Kaibao (973), the county was promoted to the army. And set up a cloud safety supervision in Yunan Town today. In the fourth year of Song Xining (141), Yun 'an was promoted to Anyi County. In eight years (175), Anyi County was withdrawn, and the household registration belonged to Yun 'an County. At the end of Song Dynasty, Yun 'an army was abolished. From the Yuan Dynasty to the fifteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1278), Yun 'an Army was re-established, belonging to Kuizhou Road. In the twentieth year of Zhiyuan (1283), the army was changed to a state, named Yunyang State. In the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1373), the state was reduced to a county, named Yunyang County. Now it belongs to Wanxian City. County People's Government in Qinglongzui. It has jurisdiction over 24 towns including Yunyang, Yun 'an, Jiangkou, Shuangjiang, Fengming, Panshi, Longjiao, Baoping, Guling, Hongshi, Nanxi, Changhong, Shuangtu, Sangping, Luyang, Nongba, Levin, Quma, Guanshi, Huangshi, Bayang, Shashi, Yuquan and Shengbao. Shigang Village, Maoba, Qixia, Pagoda, Yuanzhuang, Nixi, Yaoling, Yunfeng, Piaocao, Xinjin, Longgang, Donglu, Shimen, Houye, Deerkeeper Renhe, Jiulong, Shangba, Shuimo, Wailang, Black Market, Pu 'an, Weir Dam, Sun, Bailong, Jianquan, Shuangshui, Bailong.
population ethnic group
The total population is 1,276,2, including 15, non-agricultural people. Ethnic groups include Han, Hui, Yi, Miao, Zhuang, Manchu, Mongolian, Dong, Tujia, Gaoshan, Korean and Tibetan, among which ethnic minorities account for .25% of the total population. The population density is 34 people/km2.
Historical figures
The famous historical figures in the county mainly include: Li Yuan, whose word is ancient, whose date of birth and death is unknown, and who lived around 844 AD. In the fifth year of Daiwa in Tang Wenzong (831), he was a scholar and served as the secretariat of Zhong (now Zhongxian, Sichuan), Jian (now Jian 'ou, Fujian), Jiang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), Hangzhou (now Hangzhou) and other states, and was the official to the imperial envoy Zhong Cheng. His poets are included in Complete Tang Poems and Complete Tang Poems. Xin Yinxun, whose date of birth and death is unknown, lived from 88 to 974. As a honest and frank, I am not afraid of power, and I am knowledgeable and good at writing. He used to be the secretariat of Jianzhou, Houshu, and a bachelor of Hanlin, and was the author of the first Spring Festival couplets in China, "Qing Yu in the New Year and Changchun in the Festival". After submitting to the Northern Song Dynasty, he was named as the March Sima of Zhenguo by Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu. He has participated in the compilation and revision of the Book of the Former Shu, and has written books such as The Founding of Wang. Cheng Dequan (186-193), whose name is Chun Ru, was named Xuelou, a native of Kowloon. In 189, he served as the Prime Minister of Heilongjiang Battalion Division. In the negotiations with the invading Russian army, he "fought to the death to serve the country" and made great contributions to saving the border people from slaughter and safeguarding national interests. In December, 193, Cixi summoned him, promoted him as a Taoist priest, and added the title of deputy governor, acting as Qiqihar. In September 1913, he retired from politics and lived in Shanghai. In 1926, he was ordained at Tianning Temple in Changzhou and converted to Buddhism. He died in Shanghai in 193. _ Feng Shu (1874-194) was born in shuang jiang today. In the thirty-ninth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (193), he was elected as the principal of the county high school, the magistrate of Longjiang Prefecture in Heilongjiang Province, and the advisor of Heilongjiang Learning Department. After the Revolution of 1911, he served as Director of Education Department and Director of Government Affairs Department of Heilongjiang Province. When Beiyang warlord was in power, he was the secretary of the State Council, the director of the State Council Senate and National History Compilation Department. After the collapse of the northern warlords, _ returned to his hometown to retire. There are works "Collected Works of Shicheng Mountain People" and handwritten poems handed down from generation to generation. In his later years, he raised funds to publish Yunyang County Records of the Republic of China.
Topography
Located at the eastern edge of the northeastern Sichuan section, the Yangtze River crosses it, and the north and south cross the basin-edge Zhongshan area. Therefore, the north and south are high mountains and deep hills, with an altitude of more than 8 meters, which are distributed in various mountain systems in the county, and the middle is low. The valley has shallow hills and flat dams, and there are basins in the mountains, which are distributed along the Yangtze River, Tanger and Penger Rivers, and Modaoxi Watershed, with an altitude of less than 2 meters. The southern part of the county belongs to the uplift and fold belt of Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou, which is the residual vein of Qiyao Mountain, including Qiyao Mountain, Yangjia Mountain, Dawan Mountain, Jianshanzi, Wuduyun, etc. Qiyao Mountain is 1625 meters above sea level in the main peak of the county. The northern part of Daba Mountain is an arc-shaped pleated bundle, including Yunfeng Mountain, Qiaoding Mountain, scissor rack and Wangxiangtai, etc. The main peak of Yunfeng Mountain is 189 meters above sea level, which is the highest in the county. There are Wuliang Mountain, Hei Hu Temple and Wutai Mountain in the east. There are Gongwangding, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Bijia Mountain in the west, all of which are above 1 meters above sea level.
Yunyang climate
Yunyang is located in the southeast subtropical humid climate zone north of the Tropic of Cancer, and the subtropical humid zone in Sichuan Basin, with early spring, hot summer, cool autumn and warm winter. There is abundant rainfall in early summer, hot and rainy in midsummer, rainy in autumn and less sunshine in winter. The annual average temperature is 18.4℃. The average temperature in January is 7.2℃. The average temperature in July is 29.1℃. The annual average sunshine duration is 1484.8 hours. The average annual precipitation is 11.1 mm. The frost-free period is 34 days.
Hydrological conditions
Because the Yangtze River runs through it, there are two tributaries in the north and two streams in the south, and there are 13 large streams in the county, mainly the Yangtze River, Pengxi River, Changtan River, Tangxi River and Modaoxi River, with a total length of 435.3 kilometers. The Yangtze River flows 68.1 kilometers in the county, with a total drainage area of 13,4 square kilometers. There are low valley dams and flat mountain dams such as Luyang Dam, Levin Dam, Yutang Dam, Dongxi Dam and Mugu Dam on the flat land, accounting for .66% of the county area. The hills are mainly distributed in the valley areas of Modaoxi, Jitangxi, Pengxi and other rivers parallel to the valley areas, accounting for .45% of the county area. The total annual runoff is 2.371 billion cubic meters.
natural resources
The metal minerals with proven reserves in the county are siderite, copper mine and placer gold. Non-metallic minerals include coal, pyrite, lime ore, powdered Shi Ying and quartz sand. Other minerals include gypsum mine, bittern, rock salt and clay. Yunyang is rich in water resources, with an annual water volume of about 2.27 billion cubic meters, and the runoff utilization rate only accounts for 3.38% of the runoff. The hydropower reserves are about 3, kilowatts, and the installed capacity available for development is 19,8 kilowatts. Now, only 2,26 kilowatts have been developed, accounting for only 7% of the hydropower reserves. There are national first-class protected animals such as leopard, second-class protected animals such as giant salamander, mandarin duck and golden rooster, and second-class protected plants such as ginkgo.
Natural disasters
There are disasters such as drought, flood, wind and hail, frost, diseases and pests. From 198 to 199, no year was spared from drought, flood, wind and hail. In the summer drought of 199, there was no rain from July to the end of the year, the fields cracked, the seedlings died, and it was very difficult for people and livestock to drink water. It was the year with the least rainfall from 1956 to 199, with the annual precipitation of 74 mm and the continuous high temperature above 35℃ From July 16th to 18th, 1982, there were continuous rainstorms. It was reported that Yunyang Town was 598.5 mm, Longjiao was 645.1 mm, and the annual precipitation was 1614.3 mm, which was the highest in the 45 years since 1937. As a result, 43 industrial and commercial enterprises, 147 financial and trade units, 435 schools and 12 medical units in the county were all affected by disasters. There are 1,33 Shanpingtang, 17 small hydropower stations, 6,388 road collapses, 46 bridges, 667 culverts, 699 retaining ridges, 97 deaths, 82 serious injuries, 9,32 dead pigs, cattle and sheep, 49,8 collapsed houses and 52,3 dilapidated houses. 1 million cubic meters of earth and stone were taken when the chicken raft in Baota Township slipped into the Yangtze River, which caused the riverbed to rise by 35 meters and suspended for several days in dry months, with an average of 1-2 times a year. From 1983 to 1989, the wind and hail disasters were extremely serious, covering 22-3 townships. On July 28th, 1989, four villages in Nongba Township were attacked by wind and hail, and rice and corn lost more than 8%. At the same time, there was a 1.2-kg hailstone in Group 21 of Luyang Village in Luyang Township, which broke the sandalwood, crossed the floor and smashed aluminum pot. On average, wind and hail occur once or twice a year.
Yunyang agriculture
Yunyang is an agricultural county with grain production as the main crop, including rice, wheat, corn, sweet potato, rape and cotton. In 1998, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the county was 1,572.66 million yuan (current price). Grain output is 467,5 tons, oil output is 9,985 tons, sugar output is 4,44 tons, tobacco output is 2,311 tons, tea output is 24 tons, and fruit output is 36,312 tons. There are 254 species of forest trees in 66 families and 13 species of bamboos in the county, including 23 rare and old trees in 33 species. The county has 116, hectares of forest land and 15,33 cubic meters of standing trees. The main tree species are Pinus massoniana, cypress, fir, tung tree and so on. Economic trees with great economic value, such as tung oil tree, mulberry tree and orange, have developed rapidly. The representative livestock species in the county are pigs, goats, buffaloes and yellow cattle. Yunyang county is a big county for pig breeding in Chongqing. In 1998, the county's pork output was 57,812 tons. The main fishery breeds in the county are grass carp, silver carp, carp and crucian carp. The county has 2, hectares of aquaculture water surface and 1,5 hectares of aquaculture water surface. In 1998, the output of aquatic products was 3,273 tons.
Yunyang industry
At present, the main industries in the county are salt making, building materials, light chemicals, food processing and motorcycle parts manufacturing. In 1998, the total industrial output value was 72.28 million yuan (current price). The key industrial enterprises in the county are Yunyang Salt Factory, with an annual output of 1, tons of salt and industrial salt, and the rate of first-class salt reaches 1%. Yunyang county is rich in salt reserves, and the salt industry has broad prospects for development. Yunyang Motorcycle Parts Factory: This factory is a professional manufacturer and advanced enterprise that produces motorcycle crank and connecting rod assemblies designated by the national industry office. With an annual production capacity of 1.8 million sets of motorcycle crank-connecting rod assemblies, its scale ranks first in the country. Products sell well in 22 provinces and cities, and some products have been exported. In addition, there are Yunyang medicinal capsule factory, Yunyang Dongfeng Cement Co., Ltd. and Yunyang Hongqi Cement Factory.
transportation, posts and telecommunications
Yunyang county has a mileage of 1,335.5 kilometers, which has achieved the goal of connecting villages with highways. The main highways are Yunjiang Highway (county to Jiangkou), Wanxi Highway (Wanxian to Wuxi Yunyang Section), Yunfeng Highway (Shuishi to Shimen Township), Yunwan South Road (county to Yuanzhuang Township), Yunwan North Road (Yanqu to Guanshi Town) and Yunli Highway (Yunyang Section is more than 8 kilometers). Yunwan Expressway was opened at the end of 28, and it only takes 4 minutes to Wanzhou and Chongqing. The waterway is 68 kilometers along the Yangtze River waterway. In 1998, the county's road passenger traffic was 2 million, and the road freight volume was 8, tons. In 1998, the total post and telecommunications business in Yunyang was 34.5 million yuan, the capacity of telephone exchanges reached 24,212, and 7,912 telephones were installed. Program-controlled telephones were installed in 21 townships, with 366 rural telephone users. 95% of telephone users enter the domestic direct dial. There are 198 long-distance telephone lines, and wireless paging and mobile phones have been opened.
commercial foreign trade
in p>1998, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in the county was 885.61 million yuan. The main export commodities of Yunyang County are tung oil, goat skin, pigskin, bristles, casing, green tea, dried plums, rabbit hair, fennel and so on.
financial insurance
the scale of deposits and loans in the county has slightly expanded. In 1998, the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents reached 1,73.83 million yuan, and the balance of various loans at the end of the year reached 1,91.71 million yuan. Yunyang County has agencies in People's Bank, China Construction Bank and Agricultural Bank, respectively, to handle and assist in the development of insurance types and disaster claims. Types of insurance are divided into two categories: property insurance and personal insurance, and 25 types of insurance. In 199, the insurance amount was 489 million yuan, the insurance premium was 3,612,4 yuan, and the compensation was 1,547,7 yuan, accounting for 95.99% of payout ratio.
Yunyang Tourism
The scenic spots and historical sites in Yunyang County mainly include: Zhanghenghou Temple, Longji Stone, Panshicheng, Xiayan Temple, Changtanhe Scenic Area, Da 'an Cave, Longgang and so on. Zhanghenghou Temple: also known as Zhangfei Temple. In 198, it was designated as a key cultural relics protection unit, located on the south bank of the Yangtze River, facing Yunyang County across the river. Built in memory of Zhang Fei during the Three Kingdoms period, it has a history of more than 17 years. Longji Stone: Located in the middle of the Yangtze River about .5km east of Yunyang, it is exposed to the water in winter, with a length of 2m and a width of 1m. On the stone, the ancient people carved calligraphy and ancient poetry with the characters of Li, Zhuan, Kai and Cao, reaching 17 places. Longji Stone is a scenic spot for people from ancient and modern counties.
Science and technology education
There are 13,1 scientific and technological personnel in enterprises and institutions in the county, including 19 applicants with senior titles and 2,176 with intermediate titles. 89 township enterprises have obtained professional and technical titles. There are 2 scientific research institutions in the county. In 199-1995, scientific research projects such as "Using Solar Energy and Hot Drying Oven to Dry Noodles", "92-94 Study on Meteorological Causes of Low Yield of Wheat in Southeast Sichuan and Countermeasures for Transformation" and "Supporting Techniques for Increasing Yield of Meat Goats" won the second and third prizes of Wanxian Administrative Office and Wanxian City respectively for scientific and technological progress. In 1998, there were 788 schools in the county, with 156,524 students. The enrollment rate of school-age children reached 97.5%, and the graduation rate from primary school was 98.7%.
cultural hygiene
there are 7 cultural organizations in the county. There are 26 theaters. There is one county cultural center and 44 township cultural stations. There is one county library, 127 libraries in townships, towns, factories and schools, with a collection of 4.772 million books. There are 126 film projection teams, with more than 2, screenings per year. In 1998, there were 97 hospitals and health centers in the county, with 155 beds and 2349 technicians. County hospitals can perform brain, chest, liver and spleen surgery. The county has a sports school, six training teams (basketball, table tennis, badminton, swimming, martial arts and track and field), two martial arts venues, five tutoring stations, 156 basketball courts and 23 multi-purpose volleyball and badminton courts.
customs
Yunyang folk customs are wild and simple. People are sociable, loyal, affectionate, fearless of power and hard-working. Clothing features are that men wear warm fur hunting clothes and jackets in winter, while women like to wear brightly colored fur shirts, sweaters and woolen clothes. The diet is characterized by liking rice and pork, and its dishes like hemp and spicy, and it has the habit of not being afraid of spicy. Yunyang people are warm and hospitable. When guests arrive home and travel far away, they will first send hot towels to wash their faces, and then hold fragrant tea, cigarettes, sugar and fruits for the guests to choose. The religions in Yunyang are Islam, Catholicism and Christianity. Islam is mainly distributed in Yunyang town, Catholicism in Yunyang town and Yun 'an town, and Christianity in some villages and communities in Luyang town.
social security
in p>1998, the average annual salary of employees on the job was 552 yuan/year, and the per capita living expenses of rural residents were 1459 yuan. This year, the completed residential building area is 855,8 square meters. The county environmental protection bureau has established an environmental protection monitoring team and equipped it with various monitoring equipment to carry out environmental monitoring business. There are 34 nursing homes in the county, with a total construction area of about 11, square meters and a total investment of 86, yuan. There are 2 civil welfare enterprises,