Why doesn’t the United States ban ractopamine?
No satisfactory answer? There are many reasons why the United States does not ban it. The comrades upstairs have actually spoken quite fully. Let me summarize: First, the consumption habits of the United States are that they do not eat offal. Residues such as ractopamine mainly remain in the internal organs. It doesn't do much harm to Americans. Second, ractopamine is metabolized quickly. As long as the medication regulations are strictly followed, there will be no residue in the pork during the withdrawal period. The level of farmers in the United States is relatively high, unlike the uneven breeding industry in my country. Third, ractopamine can indeed increase lean meat rate. Fourth, perhaps American experts are also representing the interests of relevant industries and deceiving the people to a certain extent. View original post >>
What is ractopamine, and why do different countries have different standards for it?
Ractopamine is a synthetic Cronbamine β-adrenoceptor Agonists can be used to treat congestive heart failure and muscular dystrophy, increase muscle, reduce fat accumulation, and are beneficial to the growth of fetuses and newborns. Ractopamine is being used by some pig farms as a new type of clenbuterol. After the drug is administered, the animals' metabolism is altered, causing them to grow more muscle instead of fat, resulting in leaner pork. Because muscle weighs more than fat, it also gives the pig more weight. On the face of it, this means that consumers can cut fat in their diets and producers can produce heavier pigs using less feed. But ractopamine is far from an ideal additive because it causes more problems than other additives. A 2012 Food and Environment report noted that the effects of ractopamine include: "hyperactivity, tremors, weakness, inability to walk, and death."
Regulations on the scope of application and safety of this drug in the aquaculture industry vary from country to country. Ractopamine was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1999 but is banned for use in pig farming in the European Union, Russia and China. In fact, ractopamine, as a pig additive, has been banned by nearly 200 countries. China began to restrict the use of receptor agonists in 2002 and issued a ban specifically on ractopamine in 2009.
From the perspective of meat import and export trade, countries that have long allowed ractopamine as a pork additive are basically meat exporting countries. U.S. media recently reported that in order to regain China's pork market share and comply with China's food safety standards, U.S. national regulators require pork producers to abandon the use of "clenbuterol."
Ractopamine is simply a type of clenbuterol. As for why different countries have different standards, they should be measured from the perspective of import and export trade and food safety. After all, Americans do not eat it. These meat by-products.
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Price of ractopamine, what is ractopamine, where to buy ractopamine
The test card you have is about food testing
Ractopamine is a beta-receptor agonist. These drugs are prone to toxic side effects when ingested by the human body, so many countries have classified them as illegal drugs. Announcements issued by the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Agriculture, and Food and Drug Administration clearly prohibit the use of ractopamine in food-producing animals. Conventional instrument detection methods cannot meet the needs of large-volume detection in actual production. The 3-party rapid test card 3-party Yuan Biotech has the characteristics of convenience, speed, accuracy, sensitivity, etc., and is suitable for on-site large-volume sample screening and testing as well as law enforcement supervision at grass-roots units.
Basic information about ractopamine
Chinese name: ractopamine Chinese alias: ractopamine English name: ractopamine English alias: 4-[3-[2-hydroxy-2-( 4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]aminobutyl]phenol; 4-(1-hydroxy-2-{[4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-yl]amino}ethyl)phenolCAS:97825-25-7Molecular formula:C18H23NO3Molecular weight :301.3801 May cause sensitization in contact with skin.
Relative density: 1.189g/cm3
Are ractopamine and ractopamine the same thing? 20 points
Ratopamine is a special "clenbuterol".
It is very efficient. Adding less than 20 grams to one ton of feed can increase the lean meat by 24% and reduce the fat by 34% in the final growth stage of pigs. This substance hardly accumulates in the body. Animal experiments and small-scale human trials have found that there is no obvious harm to the human body when the intake is below 67 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. The allowable value for ractopamine residues set by the FDA is 50 ppb (parts per billion, 50 ppb is equivalent to 50 micrograms per kilogram) in pork, and the safety standard in beef is 30 ppb.
Under this residue standard, it is quite safe for a 50-kg person to eat two and a half kilograms of pork or four kilograms of beef every day.
Other countries or institutions have stricter standards than those in the United States. For example, the Canadian and WHO standards for pork are both 40 ppb, while the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is 10 ppb. Japan and New Zealand stipulate that this substance is not allowed to be used in domestic production, but residues of less than 10 ppb are allowed in imported pork.
China prohibits the use of any "clenbuterol" including ractopamine. Therefore, in China, "clenbuterol" is always connected with the word "illegal".
PAYLEAN (ractopamine) is a feed additive that is a registered trademark of the American Elanco Lilly Company and was approved by the U.S. FDA for production in July this year. It is only used in pig production. It can further improve muscle tissue. Growth rate and efficiency. It contains ractopamine hydrochloride, a small molecule that improves muscle protein growth and feed efficiency. Ractopamine is a member of the phenethanolamines. Paylean is not a hormone, steroid, antibiotic, or bioengineered product. It has been proven to be effective and safe when added to feed at 4.5 to 18 grams per ton during the last 90 pounds of body weight between 150 and 240 years old. A large number of tests have proven the effect of ractopamine addition at 18g/ton in 90 pounds of commercial pigs before they are put on the market. In these trials, ractopamine increased fat-free lean mass by 34% and empty body protein by 24% (Table 1). Ractopamine increased growth rate while reducing feed intake. The back fat thickness of the 10th rib is reduced by 13.7%, the lean meat content is increased by 11%, and the dressing rate can be increased from 73.3% to 74.4%, resulting in an increase of 1.5%.
Reference: baike.baidu/view/590986
Ractopamine-related incidents
On July 12, 2014, the Taipei City Environmental Protection Bureau held a meeting in Muzha The waste incineration plant destroyed 7,490 kilograms of imported American beef containing clenbuterol. In February and March 2014, a clenbuterol controversy broke out in Taiwan. This batch of imported U.S. beef containing the animal drugs ractopamine and ractopamine (commonly known as clenbuterol) comes from Shusen Company’s warehouses in Keelung and Kaohsiung, which have been sealed and removed from shelves for return. Some of the meat contains the highest clenbuterol content. product, reaching 2.9ppb (concentration unit).
What is dopamine? What is the difference between it and hormones
Dopamine, referred to as DA, is the precursor of NA. It is a key neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. It is a chemical substance used to help cells transmit impulses. , the neurogenic substance dopamine (Dopamine) in the midbrain, directly affects people's emotions. The function of dopamine is to transmit messages of excitement and pleasure.
Hormones mean hormones. The hormones we often talk about are sex hormones. When desire occurs between the opposite sex, hormones are secreted in large quantities, which also promotes the secretion of dopamine. In the end, they complement each other, and the desire for the opposite sex becomes fanatical. Infatuation produces the sweetness and happiness of love.
Is ractopamine toxic?
Is ractopamine toxic or not? This may be one of the most controversial issues in the breeding industry and even in the scientific research community.
Recently, our reporter learned exclusively from Fan Fu, director of the testing room of the Ministry of Agriculture’s Breeding Pig Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center (Guangzhou), that recent experiments by the center have shown that ractopamine does cause serious damage to pig health.
This experiment is the first in the world to use data to prove that the so-called non-toxic statement of ractopamine is untrue.
The health of pigs using ractopamine has been seriously damaged
It is understood that although the Ministry of Agriculture of my country has banned the use of ractopamine, for many years, claims that ractopamine has no side effects have been circulated in the breeding industry So widespread that it was prevalent in some areas.
The attitude of the scientific research community is not unrelated to this. Some research papers reviewed by the reporter believe that it has "no toxic side effects" and "no drug withdrawal period required."
Fan Fuhao believes that the statement that ractopamine is non-toxic is untrue. On January 22, 2010, the Breeding Pig Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center (Guangzhou) of the Ministry of Agriculture purchased 38 growing pigs, divided into two groups (control group = 8 pigs, Lake group = 30 pigs). The formal experiment was conducted on January 24. The dosage of the Lake group was 20 mg/kg of hydrochloride. Ended on February 20, 2010.
From February 21st to 26th, researchers collected the blood of pigs in the control group (hereinafter referred to as the control group) and the ractopamine-added group (hereinafter referred to as the ractopamine group) for health evaluation, and tested the pigs in batches. health index, poisoning index, and red blood cell volume.
The results found that the health index of pigs in the Lake group was lower than that of the control group (P=0.0306), the poisoning index of the Lake group was higher than that of the control group (P=0.0188), and the pig red blood cells in the Lake group Severe swelling occurred (P=0.0099).
Fan Fuhao introduced that according to biostatistical methods, when P is less than 0.05, it means there is a significant difference, and their three control data all prove that the health of pigs has been damaged after using ractopamine.
Fan Fuhao believes that although no experiments have been conducted on the impact of pork on humans, "ractopamine is harmful to the growth of pigs, let alone humans?" He also believes that the increase in respiratory diseases in pigs in recent years is precisely the reason why pigs have more respiratory diseases. It is related to drug abuse in pigs. As a chemical drug, ractopamine, if used for a long time, will reduce the resistance of pigs and contribute to the epidemic.
Pigs with deformed growth actually bleed black blood
A salesman from a feed mill in Zhaoqing clearly told reporters that he supported the lifting of the ban on ractopamine. His reason is that ractopamine will greatly increase the feed remuneration for pig breeding. If its addition is allowed, my country's feed consumption will be saved by 10%, which is a considerable contribution to the country.
The salesman’s statement is quite representative. It is understood that the reason why some farmers once favored ractopamine was because they believed that it could significantly increase the daily weight gain of pigs and improve the lean meat rate.
The reporter found that these claims are supported by scientific research papers. A paper stated that after using ractopamine, the daily weight gain of fattening pigs increased by 9.03%, the feed intake decreased by 6.58%, the carcass lean meat rate increased by 4.18%, and the feed-to-weight ratio decreased by 14.18%.
Fan Fuhao said that during the center's experiments, they found no change in the pigs' feed intake. The so-called increase in meat growth is actually a kind of abnormal growth of pigs after being poisoned.
He analyzed that the addition of ractopamine caused the pig's poisoning index to increase, the red blood cell volume to increase, and the function of the swollen red blood cells to carry oxygen was greatly reduced, thus affecting the physiological functions of the pig's body. Because the oxygen-carrying function of red blood cells is impaired, the oxygen required for exercise can only be supplemented through compensatory muscle hypertrophy, so lean mass increases. This kind of muscle is actually a kind of diseased meat, and long-term consumption may be harmful to the human body.
"After people get goiter, the thyroid gland will also grow abnormally, and the same will happen if pigs eat ractopamine for a long time. This is actually a disease." He used this analogy.
He also said that after using ractopamine, the blood shed when pigs are slaughtered will be darker.
It is unlikely that the restricted area will be opened in China due to the reduced oxygen-carrying function of the blood
It is understood that at present, the EU and other regions prohibit the addition of ractopamine, while breeding companies in the United States and other regions have long added in pig feed. This is also controversial internationally.
Although my country’s Ministry of Agriculture has always banned the use of this substance in the pig industry, it has been unable to provide its own reasons to prove the harmfulness of this substance. On the contrary, many scientific and business people support opening up restricted areas.
Some countries that allow the addition of ractopamine require pork to enter the Chinese market and even require ractopamine ** standards, which puts increasing pressure on our country.
Fan Fuhao believes that based on their experiments, there is a trace amount of...
What is dopamine?
Dopamine is secreted by the brain and can affect a person's mood. Its official chemical name is 4-(2-ethylamino)benzene-1,2-diol, referred to as "DA". Arvid Carlsson's identification of dopamine's role as a messenger in the brain earned him the 2000 Nobel Prize in Medicine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that helps cells send impulses. This type of brain endocrine is mainly responsible for the brain's lust and feelings, transmitting information about excitement and happiness, and is also related to addiction.
Love is actually the result of a large amount of dopamine produced in the brain. Therefore, smoking and taking drugs can increase the secretion of dopamine, making addicts feel happy and excited. According to research, dopamine can treat depression; while dopamine deficiency can cause a person to lose the ability to control muscles. In severe cases, the person's hands and feet may vibrate involuntarily or lead to Parkinson's disease. Recently, some scientists have discovered that dopamine can help further treat Parkinson's disease. Treatment consists in restoring dopamine levels in the brain and controlling the condition.
Its hydrochloride is commonly used, which is a white or off-white shiny crystal; odorless and slightly bitter in taste; its color gradually changes to a darker color when exposed to air and exposed to light. Easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, and very slightly soluble in chloroform or ether. Melting point 243℃-249℃ (decomposition).
Dopamine is also the "reward center" of the brain, also known as the dopamine system.