China's innovation index system is divided into three levels. The first level is used to reflect the overall development of innovation in China, which is realized by calculating the total innovation index; The second level is used to reflect the development of China in four areas: innovation environment, innovation input, innovation output and innovation effect, which is realized by calculating the index of different fields; The third level is used to reflect the specific development of innovation ability in all aspects, which is realized by 2 1 evaluation index selected from the above four fields (see the attached table for the framework of index system). The four fields and 2 1 evaluation indicators are briefly described as follows: this field mainly reflects the support of basic conditions such as manpower and financial resources necessary to drive the development of innovation ability, as well as the guidance and support of policy environment to innovation, and * * * sets five evaluation indicators.

1. Number of economically active population with college education or above

This index is used to reflect the comprehensive quality of China's labor force and the status of innovative human resources. The economically active population refers to the total population aged 16 and above who provide labor for various economic production and service activities in a certain period of time.

2. Per capita GDP

This is the most representative indicator of a country's economic strength, which can reflect the interdependence and mutual promotion between economic growth and innovation capacity development.

3. Informatization index

The index comprehensively measures the overall level of national informatization development from the aspects of informatization infrastructure construction, informatization application level, restrictive environment and residents' information consumption, so as to reflect the ability of society to create, acquire, use and share information and knowledge by using information and communication technology, and the promotion of informatization development to social and economic development. The index data comes from the calculation results of informatization development index evaluation conducted by relevant departments.

4. Proportion of science and technology appropriation to financial appropriation

Government funding for science and technology plays a leading and guiding role in the development of innovation investment and innovation activities in the whole society. This index reflects the government's direct investment in innovation and its planning and guiding role in key, key and frontier fields.

5. The proportion of enterprises enjoying tax reduction or exemption.

The pre-tax deduction policy of enterprise R&D expenses is considered as one of the most direct and favorable supporting policies to encourage enterprises to increase R&D investment and carry out innovative activities. This index can reflect the implementation of relevant government policies, and then reflect the innovation environment of enterprises from one side. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is large and medium-sized industrial enterprises. This field reflects the role and relationship of each subject in the national innovation system through the investment of human and financial resources in innovation, the construction of departments that play a key role in enterprise innovation (that is, R&D institutions) and the cooperation between innovation subjects. Due to the lack of innovative human and financial input indicators, and R&D is the most important link of innovation in China at present, the input indicators here are replaced by R&D input indicators. There are six indicators in this field.

1.r&per 10,000 people; D full-time equivalent

Refers to the R & value calculated by the average resident population; D equivalent to full-time personnel. This index reflects the investment scale and intensity of independent innovation manpower. R & ampd personnel include R&D personnel. Enterprises, scientific research institutions and universities; D personnel are R&D personnel; The number of all kinds of innovative subjects in the whole society; D manpower is invested together. R & ampd equivalent to full-time personnel refers to R&D personnel; Calculated by workload; D personnel.

2. Ratio of 2.R & ampd funds to GDP

This index is also called R &；; D input intensity is a core index commonly used in the world to reflect the level of scientific and technological input of countries or regions, and it is also an important evaluation index in the outline of China's medium and long-term scientific and technological development plan.

3. Per capita funds for basic researchers

Refers to the average basic research funds calculated by full-time equivalent basic researchers. Basic research is the foundation of scientific and technological development, and its level can represent a country's original innovation ability to a certain extent. This index system reflects the country's efforts to strengthen the original innovation ability with this index.

4. Ratio of 4.R& funds to main business income

Enterprises are the main body of innovation activities, and industrial enterprises occupy a dominant position in enterprise innovation activities. This index reflects the input of the main body of innovation activities. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is R&; D large and medium-sized industrial enterprises.

5. Proportion of enterprises with R&D institutions

Enterprises running R&D institutions are enterprises that implement R&D; The specialized organization of D activities is an important guarantee for enterprises to carry out innovative activities continuously and stably. The index reflects the ability of enterprises to carry out innovative activities continuously from one side. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is large and medium-sized industrial enterprises.

6. Proportion of enterprises cooperating with Industry-University-Research.

This indicator is an important indicator reflecting Industry-University-Research's cooperation. This index system reflects the cooperation of innovation subjects in China through Industry-University-Research cooperation. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is large and medium-sized industrial enterprises. This field reflects the intermediate output of innovation through the circulation of papers, patents, trademarks and technical achievements. There are five indicators in this field.

1. Number of scientific papers per 10,000 people

Scientific and technological papers refer to academic papers initiated by enterprises and institutions, produced by scientific and technological projects and published in periodicals with fixed numbers. Scientific papers are one of the important forms of intermediate output in innovation activities. This index reflects the output level and efficiency of R&D activities.

2. Number of patents obtained per 10,000 R& R&D personnel

Press r &；; D average number of patents granted by full-time equivalent personnel. The patent authorization in this index system refers to the domestic service patent authorization, which is another important form of intermediate output of innovation activities. This indicator is also an important indicator reflecting the output level and efficiency of R&D activities.

3. The proportion of invention patents granted to patents granted.

Invention patent is the highest technology among the three major patents, which can reflect the level of patent and the market value and competitiveness of research and development results. The number of invention patents authorized in this index system refers to the number of domestic service invention patents authorized. This index is the key index to reflect the patent quality.

4. Trademark ownership per 100 enterprises

Trademark ownership refers to the number of trademarks owned by enterprises, registered by intellectual property departments at home and abroad and protected by intellectual property law. To some extent, this index reflects the ownership and management ability of independent brands. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is large and medium-sized industrial enterprises.

5 technology market turnover per 10,000 scientific and technological personnel

Refers to the average technology market turnover per 10,000 scientific and technological personnel. This index reflects the overall scale of technology transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The turnover of technology market refers to the total amount of contract transactions in the national technology market. This field reflects the impact of innovation on economic and social development through product structure adjustment, industrial international competitiveness, energy conservation and economic growth. There are five indicators in this field.

1. Ratio of new product sales revenue to main business income

The sales revenue of new products is an index reflecting the innovation achievements of enterprises, that is, new products are successfully introduced to the market. This index is used to reflect the influence of innovation on product structure adjustment. Limited by data sources, the data caliber of this indicator is large and medium-sized industrial enterprises.

2. The proportion of high-tech products in the export of goods

There is an interactive relationship between high-tech industry and innovation. This indicator reflects the impact of innovation on the international competitiveness of industries through the changes in the export of high-tech products. The data caliber of this indicator is industrial enterprises above designated size.

3. Energy consumption per unit of GDP

Refers to the energy consumption of standard coal per ten thousand yuan of GDP. Energy saving is one of the purposes of technological innovation in enterprises, and innovation is the way and guarantee of energy saving, which plays a decisive role in energy saving. This index reflects the effect of innovation in reducing energy consumption.

4. Labor productivity

Refers to the ratio of total industrial output value to annual average employees in a certain period. Innovation is an important factor affecting labor productivity, and improving labor productivity is one of the purposes of enterprise innovation. This indicator reflects the role of innovation in promoting the development of industrial economy, and the data caliber is industrial enterprises above designated size.

5. Contribution rate of scientific and technological progress

Refers to the contribution of technological progress to economic growth in a broad sense, that is, the contribution of other factors other than capital and labor to economic growth. The index data comes from the calculation results of the contribution rate evaluation of scientific and technological progress carried out by relevant departments, and is a comprehensive index to measure the competitive strength of science and technology and the transformation of science and technology into real productivity. In this index system, the average level of the reporting period and the first four years is used to reflect the promotion of innovation to the national economic development.