Specific introduction of mental retardation;
Mental retardation (referred to as mental retardation) (MR), also known as mental retardation, generally refers to the persistent obstacle of cognitive activities and the obstacle of the whole psychological activities caused by organic brain damage or incomplete brain development.
Due to genetic variation, infection, poisoning, craniocerebral injury, brain malformation or endocrine abnormalities and other harmful factors, the brain of the fetus or baby can not develop normally or incompletely, and the development of intellectual activities stays at a relatively low stage, which is called mental retardation. Dementia is called dementia because the brain is damaged by physical, chemical or virus, bacteria and other factors, which damages the original normal intelligence and causes defects.
Diagnostic criteria:
1. The intelligence of mentally retarded children is obviously lower than the average intelligence level of normal people. The average IQ of a normal person is 100. When a child's IQ is 100, it means that his intelligence is normal. If a child's IQ is below 70, his intelligence is called "significantly below" the average (simplified as "IQ below 70"). /kloc-Only two children of the same age have an IQ below 70.
2. The onset age of mental retardation is usually before the developmental age, specifically, 18 years old. This provision distinguishes between mental retardation in development and mental retardation caused by various reasons in adulthood. The incidence of mental retardation generally does not exceed 2%. Some mentally retarded children are accompanied by some behavioral abnormalities and mental illness, which will also affect their daily social life.
3. According to the new development trend, people pay more and more attention to the social adaptation obstacles of mentally retarded children, because social adaptation obstacles directly affect their personal functions, and there are obvious obstacles for mentally retarded children to adapt to daily social life. In daily life, young children with mental retardation are slow in motor and language development, unable to communicate with others, and difficult to attend kindergarten or primary school.