When a general taxpayer purchases the fixed assets of an enterprise, the input tax of value-added tax shall be deducted together with the input tax of purchasing raw materials or commodities.

when filing tax returns, there is a column of VAT input tax obtained by purchasing fixed assets, just fill it in.

relevant regulations:

? I. The deduction of input tax on fixed assets is limited to ordinary taxpayers. The new Regulations stipulate that "units and individuals that sell goods or provide processing, repair and replacement services and imported goods within the territory of the People's Republic of China are taxpayers of value-added tax and should pay value-added tax in accordance with these regulations." Therefore, non-VAT taxpayers, that is, enterprises engaged in labor services stipulated in the Provisional Regulations on Business Tax, such as fixed assets such as equipment purchased by transportation, construction, finance and insurance, post and telecommunications, culture and sports, and entertainment service enterprises, are not allowed to deduct their input tax.

Secondly, China divides VAT taxpayers into general taxpayers and small-scale taxpayers. Small-scale taxpayers calculate the current VAT payable at the rate of 3%, and only ordinary taxpayers calculate the current VAT payable according to the formula of "Taxable amount = current output tax amount-current input tax amount". It can be seen that "input tax" is a unique concept for ordinary taxpayers, so the input tax of fixed assets purchased by ordinary taxpayers can only be deducted on the premise of meeting the new "Regulations" and relevant state regulations. The input tax of small-scale taxpayers purchasing fixed assets is not allowed to be deducted under any conditions. Third, we should correctly understand the relationship between the VAT payable on imported goods and the VAT input tax deduction.

the new "regulations" stipulate that units and individuals importing goods are taxpayers of value-added tax. How do you understand it?

The units and individuals here include those engaged in selling goods, providing processing, repair and replacement, and those engaged in labor services stipulated in the Provisional Regulations on Business Tax. As long as these units and individuals import goods through the customs of the People's Republic of China, they should pay value-added tax at the rate of 17% or 13%, regardless of whether the paid value-added tax is deducted or not. The VAT input tax deduction is aimed at the general taxpayer, that is, the VAT paid by the general taxpayer to the customs for importing equipment and other goods can be deducted from the output tax payable in the current period on the premise of complying with the VAT Regulations and relevant regulations.

2. The fixed assets that can be deducted from the input tax in the new Regulations only refer to machines, machinery, means of transport and other equipment, tools and appliances related to production and operation. The fixed assets mentioned in Article 19 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Value-added Tax issued by Caishui (1993) No.38 document refer to: (1) Machines, machinery, means of transport and other equipment, tools and appliances related to production and operation with a service life of more than one year; (two) the unit value of more than 2 yuan, and the service life of more than two years does not belong to the production and operation of the main equipment ".

The new regulations allow the input tax on the purchase of fixed assets to be deducted from the output tax, but it does not change the definition of fixed assets. Secondly, according to the new Provisional Regulations on Business Tax, "Units and individuals that provide labor services, transfer intangible assets or sell real estate within the territory of the People's Republic of China are taxpayers of business tax and should pay business tax in accordance with these regulations". What is intangible assets? What is real estate? Guo Shui Fa [1993] No.149 "Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China on Printing and Distributing Notes on Business Tax Items (Trial Draft)" explains that intangible assets refer to assets that have no physical form but can bring economic benefits, including the transfer of land use rights, trademark rights, patent rights, non-patented technologies, copyright rights and goodwill. Real estate refers to the property that cannot be moved and will change its nature and shape after moving, including buildings or structures and other land attachments. It can be seen that the definitions of fixed assets in accounting and tax law are different, accounting includes machinery and equipment and buildings, but the fixed assets referred to in the new VAT regulations only include machinery and equipment, and the act of selling houses and buildings belongs to the business tax. 3. The following fixed assets purchased by ordinary taxpayers shall not be deducted from the input tax. 1. They shall be used for non-VAT taxable items. Non-VAT taxable items are business tax taxable items. Ordinary taxpayers use the purchased fixed assets for business tax items, and their input tax on fixed assets cannot be deducted. For example, a company is an ordinary taxpayer mainly engaged in clothing production and concurrently engaged in clothing design. On January 1, 29, a machine was purchased for design needs, and the input tax on the machine could not be deducted. Since real estate such as houses and buildings belong to the scope of business tax regulations, the input tax on materials and related equipment purchased for houses and buildings shall not be deducted. Article 2 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Value-added Tax issued by Caishui (1993) No.38 stipulates that any building newly built, rebuilt, expanded, repaired or decorated by taxpayers, regardless of the accounting system, belongs to fixed assets under construction. Guo Shui Fa [25] No.173 "Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China on Further Defining the Relevant Issues Concerning the Collection of Property Tax on Ancillary Equipment and Supporting Facilities of Houses" "In order to maintain and increase the use function of houses or make houses meet the design requirements, all ancillary equipment and supporting facilities that cannot be moved at will, such as water supply and drainage, heating, fire protection, central air conditioning, electrical and intelligent building equipment, should be included in the original value of the property regardless of whether they are accounted for separately in accounting. The document Caishui (1993) No.38 and the document Guoshuifa [25] No.173 clarify the valuation of real estate, and also provide guidance for us to understand non-VAT taxable items.

? What needs to be emphasized is: First, when the general taxpayer concurrently engages in the business tax, it should be accounted for separately. If there is no separate accounting, according to Article 6 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax issued by Cai Fa Zi (1993) No.38, the value-added tax should be levied on this service. In the past, if VAT was levied because it could not be accounted for separately, the input tax of the goods purchased could be deducted. According to this provision, my understanding is that the business tax service of VAT can be deducted, and the input tax of fixed assets can also be deducted. However, we should pay attention to the explanation issued by the state in the future. Second, the input tax on materials purchased for the maintenance of fixed assets should be treated according to the principle of whether the input tax on fixed assets is deductible. For example, a company is a general taxpayer mainly engaged in clothing production and concurrently engaged in clothing design. On January 1, 29, it purchased an A machine for the design needs, and on January 2, 29, it purchased a B machine for the production of clothing. In March 29, it purchased a batch of parts for the maintenance of A machine and a batch of parts for B machine. The company accounts for the clothing design business separately. A company handles this? Because machine B is used for VAT taxable items, the input of machine B and materials for repairing machine B can be deducted from the output tax. On the contrary, since Machine A is used for non-VAT items, neither the input of Machine A nor the materials for repairing Machine A can be deducted from the output tax. Third, the general taxpayer purchases equipment for VAT taxable items, and there is no clear stipulation on whether the input tax of building materials such as cement can be deducted for the civil works when the equipment is installed. Therefore, communication with the tax authorities should be strengthened in the operation. 2. Fixed assets purchased for VAT-exempt projects. Article 15 of the new regulations stipulates that "the following items are exempt from value-added tax: self-produced agricultural products sold by agricultural producers; Contraceptive drugs and appliances; Antique books; Imported instruments and equipment directly used for scientific research, scientific experiments and teaching; Imported materials and equipment provided free of charge by foreign governments and international organizations; Direct import of articles for the exclusive use of the disabled by organizations of the disabled; Sell items that you have used. " An accurate understanding of the provisions of this article will help reduce tax-related risks: First, agricultural producers are exempt from value-added tax when selling their own agricultural products, and there is no output tax when exempted from value-added tax, so the input tax of fixed assets purchased by the agricultural producers for producing their own agricultural products cannot be deducted. Second, taxpayers deal in contraceptives, utensils and old books. Because the products they deal in are tax-free, the input tax on fixed assets purchased for this product cannot be deducted. Third, "selling articles used by oneself" means that individuals sell goods other than yachts, motorcycles and cars subject to consumption tax, which means that enterprises sell articles used by themselves (including fixed assets) without tax exemption. Fourth, ordinary taxpayers who run VAT-exempt projects should be accounted for separately, and those who have not been accounted for separately should not be exempted from tax. What do you mean? For example, Company A is a general taxpayer, mainly engaged in book printing business, and concurrently engaged in the acquisition of antique books. In 29, it bought a truck (with a legal special VAT invoice) to expand the acquisition of books. The correct tax treatment should be as follows: If Company A accounts for printing and antique books separately, antique books are tax-free, so the input tax of the truck cannot be deducted; If it cannot be accounted for separately, the output tax should be calculated according to the tax rate of 17%, and the input tax of the truck can be deducted according to Article 18 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax issued by Caifazi (1993) No.38.. 3. Fixed assets purchased for collective welfare or personal consumption. To understand this article, we should pay attention to: this behavior should be the behavior of ordinary taxpayers, and the taxpayer will use the purchased fixed assets for collective welfare. For example, Company A is a general taxpayer, and on January 1th, 29, it purchased a TV for each resident employee (with a legal special VAT invoice), so the input tax of the TV cannot be deducted. In practical work, it is difficult to grasp how to calculate collective welfare. The key is that everyone should understand the connotation of collective welfare. 4. Abnormal losses occurred in the purchased fixed assets. Abnormal loss refers to the loss of ordinary taxpayers in the process of production and operation, including natural disaster loss; Loss caused by theft, mildew and deterioration of goods due to poor management; Other abnormal losses. Deducting the input tax is actually equivalent to paying less value-added tax. The abnormal loss has nothing to do with the production and operation of the enterprise, so the country should not pay the bill. Therefore, it means that the fixed assets purchased by the general taxpayer have abnormal losses. If there is no deduction, the input tax should be included in the "non-operating expenses". If the input tax has been deducted, the input tax should be transferred out. It should be pointed out that the value of fixed assets is amortized by installments, so whether the input tax is transferred out according to the original purchase amount or the net value is not clear in the new VAT Regulations, but according to the accrual principle, I estimate that it is transferred out according to the net value and the applicable tax rate. I suggest you consult the tax authorities for specific operation. ? Recommended: A good book that financial personnel must read, Strategic Budget-Industrial Revolution in Management. "Strategic Budget-Industrial Revolution in Management" is the first book in China with a straight line, a whole-process case and systematic management! It is also the first good book in China that dares to promise the systematic actual combat effect of the whole process to financial personnel. Financial personnel must read it! In addition, the depreciation of fixed assets such as equipment is an important part of product cost. If abnormal losses occur in products and finished products, the current tax law stipulates that the material input tax consumed by this product should be transferred out, and the machine depreciation consumed by this product should also be transferred out, but whether it will be transferred out or not, please pay attention to whether the state has issued relevant regulations. 5. Fixed assets belonging to taxpayers' self-use consumer goods as stipulated by the competent departments of finance and taxation in the State Council. When answering a reporter's question, the Ministry of Finance clearly refers to cars, yachts and so on. But what is the specific scope of cars and yachts? I think the new "Provisional Regulations on Consumption Tax of the People's Republic of China" and related documents should be consistent with the concepts referred to in the new "Regulations on Value-added Tax".

? The new "Provisional Regulations on Consumption Tax" divides cars into passenger cars and medium-sized commercial vehicles. The Notice on Adjusting and Perfecting the Consumption Tax Policy issued by the Ministry of Finance, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China Caishui [26] No.33, points out: "The scope of this tax item includes no more than 9 seats (including the driver's seat), and the number of passenger cars and seats including the driver's seat is 1 to 23 in terms of design and technical characteristics. Vehicles modified or restructured with passenger car chassis (frame) with exhaust volume less than 1.5 liters (inclusive) belong to the scope of passenger car collection. Vehicles modified or restructured with passenger car chassis (frame) with a displacement of more than 1.5 liters or with medium and light commercial bus chassis (frame) belong to the scope of collection of medium and light commercial buses. " As can be seen from the document Caishui (26) No.33, the general taxpayer can't deduct the input tax for cars with less than 23 seats, of which 9 seats are passenger cars and 1-23 seats are medium-sized commercial vehicles. It should be pointed out that it is not clear whether the input tax of oil products and maintenance materials consumed by cars can be deducted. Please pay attention to the documents issued by the state in the future. ? Four, the value-added tax taxpayer homemade equipment using the products of the enterprise? The acquisition methods of equipment are mainly outsourcing and self-made. Different uses of self-made equipment will lead to different tax results: First, when self-made equipment is used for non-VAT items, when the self-made products of the enterprise are used for making equipment, Article 4 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax issued by Caifazi (1993) No.38 is regarded as selling goods, and the output tax payable for self-made products should be included in the cost of self-made equipment. Second, the self-made equipment is used in the value-added tax project. When the production equipment receives the products produced by the enterprise, it is not regarded as the sales behavior of the self-produced products. For example, Company A is a general taxpayer, and on January 4, 29, it used the self-produced hardware materials worth 234, yuan to manufacture the production machinery and equipment of the enterprise. If it is regarded as the sales of this batch of materials, the output tax is 23.4 ÷ (1+17%) × 17% = 34, yuan. Third, the self-produced products are used for real estate and the development of intangible assets. According to Article 4 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax issued by Cai Fa Zi (1993) No.38, "the goods produced or commissioned for processing are used for non-taxable items", which is regarded as selling goods. In case of such behavior, ordinary taxpayers should include the output tax payable for self-produced products in the cost of assets. V. Deduction of transportation expenses The transportation expenses of purchasing fixed assets are related to the assets, so whether the freight can be deducted depends on whether the input tax of the transported goods can be deducted. If the input tax of the transported goods cannot be deducted, the freight incurred cannot be deducted, and vice versa. According to the new Provisional Regulations on Value-added Tax, the input tax that can be deducted from the paid freight is deducted according to the amount of transportation expenses indicated on the transportation expense settlement document and 7%.