Introduction to the Schnauzer

Shape

The shoulder height range is 12 inches to 14 inches. The body structure is solid, the body is nearly square, that is, the height is roughly equal to the body length, there is sufficient bone mass, and no part looks like a toy. Disqualification: Height below 12 inches or above 14 inches (equivalent to 30-36cm). The height at the withers is equal to the body length.

Head

The eyes are small, dark brown, and deeply set. The eyes are oval and sharp. Faults: Light color, large eyes, and protruding eyes are all faults. Ears, if trimmed, are of uniform shape and length, with pointed upwards. Their length should be proportionate to the size of the head and no exaggerated length is allowed.

The ears are set high on the top of the head, with the inner edges pointing straight up and the outer edges possibly being slightly bell-shaped. If the ears are not cropped, they will be small, V-shaped, and folded over the top of the head (button ears).

The head is strong and rectangular, its width gradually decreasing from the ears to the eyes and then to the nose. Forehead has no wrinkles. The forehead is flat and fairly long. The muzzle is parallel to the forehead, with a slight stop, and the muzzle is the same length as the forehead. The muzzle is strong and in proportion to the head; the muzzle is moderately obtuse at the end and has a thick beard, forming a rectangular outline of the head. Faults: Rough, cheeky head lines.

The bite is a scissors bite. Faults: Overshot bite, undershot bite, pincer bite.

Neck, topline and body

The neck is strong and slightly arched, perfectly integrated with the shoulders. The skin of the throat is compact and wraps the neck well

. Body short and deep, with chest reaching at least to the elbows. The ribs are well sprung and of good depth, integrating well back into the short loin. Topline straight; sloping slightly downward from withers to root of tail. The withers are the highest point of the body. The length from breast to rump is equal to the height of the horse withers. Faults: Chest too wide or not deep enough. Thick back sunken or arched.

The base of the tail is high and the tail is carried upward. The tail needs to be docked, and the remaining length is: when the dog's coat is of appropriate length, the length just exceeds the topline. Fault: Tail root is low.

Forequarters

The forelegs are straight and parallel to each other when viewed from all angles. They have strong wrists and plenty of bone. Chest of moderate depth located midway between the forelegs. Elbows close to body. Flaw: Loose elbows.

The shoulders are sloping, muscular, flat, and clean. They blend well into the back so that the sides of the shoulder blades are directly above the elbows. The top of the scapula is very close to K. The shoulder blades are tilted forward and downward at an appropriate angle to allow the forelimbs to extend forward to the maximum extent without restriction. The shoulder blades and forearms are both long, allowing sufficient depth to the chest. The feet are short and round (cat feet), and the pads are thick and black. The toes are arched and compact.

Hindquarters

The hindquarters have muscular, sloping thighs. Proper angle at the stifle joint. There is sufficient angle so that the hock ends extend beyond the tail in the standard stance. Hindquarters appear no larger or taller than withers. The hind ankles are short, perpendicular to the ground in the standard stance, and parallel to each other when viewed from behind. Faults: sickle legs, bull legs, o-legs or crooked hind legs.

Coat

Double coat, hard outer layer of bristles and dense undercoat. The head, neck, ears, chest, tail and body need to be stripped. Under racing conditions, the coat on the body must be of sufficient length to reflect the texture of the coat. Complete coverage of neck, ears and head. The texture is quite dense but not silky. Faults: The coat is too soft or too short, or appears smooth.

Tight, coarse, bristly and as dense as possible, soft and dense undercoat, rough coat. Viewed from the opposite direction according to the hair texture, the hair grows towards the back and is neither smooth nor flat. The coat (hair on the body) is trimmed (obviously) but only accentuates the outline of the body.

Colors

The recognized colors are salt and pepper, black silver and solid black. Regardless of the color, the pigmentation of the skin must be very even, that is, white or pink patches anywhere on the skin are not allowed.

Salt and pepper color: The typical salt and pepper color is formed by the combination of black and white hair, pure black, and pure white hair. Black and white hair is the mainstream. A variety of salt and pepper colors are acceptable, from lighter salt and pepper colors to darker, salt and pepper colors with shades of brown.

The salt and pepper dog's coat color will gradually transition to light gray or silvery white in the following areas: eyebrows, beard, cheeks, under the throat, inside the ears, chest, under the tail, lower half of the legs and inside of the hind legs. Additionally, the underside of his belly may also become lighter in color. However, the lighter portion should not extend to the sides of the body, above the elbows.

Black and silver: The style of black and silver is the same as salt and pepper. Must be solid black where salt and pepper is. The black and silver coat should have a black undercoat. Any hair that has faded to brown needs to be removed, and the hair under the belly should also be dark.

Pure black: Pure black is the only recognized single color. The ideal color is a very dark coat with a lighter, soft undercoat, which is ideal everywhere. Brown or faded hair should be removed. The hair color will become lighter if you shave it with scissors or electric clippers. Small white spots on the chest or occasional white hair elsewhere on the body are permitted.

Disqualified: Dogs that are pure white or have white stripes, white stains, or white patches, except for black dogs with small white spots on their chests. Salt-and-pepper or black-silver dogs gradually fade to light gray or silver from the throat and chest down. In addition to other natural colors

Gait

Evaluating gait mainly depends on the gait when walking quickly. Viewing the forelegs from the front, the elbows are close to the body and pointing straight forward, neither outward nor inward. When viewed from behind, the hind limbs are straight and move in the same plane as the corresponding forelimbs. Note that generally after completing a brisk walk, the hind legs will continue to move in the same plane as the front legs, but a slight inward tilt is allowed. Viewing from the front should be based on the shoulder point, and viewing from the back should be based on the hip joint point. Whether viewed from the front or from behind, the forelimbs or hindlimbs are vertical from the reference point to the ground. When a Miniature Schnauzer walks, the angle of its legs tilted inward is so small that it is almost invisible to the naked eye. The toes cannot be crossed and the elbows cannot be turned out. Viewed from the side, the forelegs can be fully extended and the hindquarters have strong driving force. Feet do not turn in or out. Defects: single line walking, side steps, front leg lift, paddling, and lack of driving force of the hind legs.

Temperament

The typical Miniature Schnauzer is brave, alert, and docile. He is very friendly, intelligent and loves to please his owners. Never be aggressive or overly timid.

[Edit this paragraph] Schnauzer classification

Schnauzers can generally be divided into three types: mini, standard and giant. All three species of Schnauzers have distinct whiskers, making their muzzles very special.

1. Standard Schnauzer (Standard Schnauzer): about 14 to 18 kilograms, height 42cm-48cm, consisting of German Poodle and Gray Wolf Spitz It is a breed of German Pinscher and is a very capable pasture guard dog.

2. Giant Schnauze (Giant Schnauze): 34 to 41 kilograms, 60cm to 70cm tall, possibly derived from the nearly extinct rough-coated shepherd dogs (herding dogs) and Great Danes. Bred from dogs (black Great Danes). In real life, relatively few people keep giant schnauzers as pets, and they are usually trained to become police dogs.

3. Miniature Schnauzer (Miniature Schnauzer): a cross between Standard Schnauzer and Monkey Terrier (Affenpinscher, a toy dog ??that is as smart, brave and obedient as a Yorkshire terrier) , first appeared in the UK in 1928, weighing about 7-8.2 kg and height 32-36cm. Miniature Schnauzers inherit the fine bloodline of their ancestors and also possess the talent of courage and guarding.

Toy Schnauzers

Due to differences in appearance and ability, both Standard Schnauzers and Giant Schnauzers are classified as working dogs by The American Kennel Club Dog group, while the Miniature Schnauzer belongs to the (terrier) dog group. The Miniature Schnauzer is also the only dog ??breed in the terrier group that does not originate from Britain.

In recent years, in order to satisfy consumers' preference for small dogs, some breeders have specialized in breeding smaller Schnauzers, but the appearance is the same as the mini-type, weighing about 4 to 5 years. Weighing about 10 pounds, this ultra-small dog is called a "Toy Schnauzer" but has not yet been recognized by any kennel club. (This is very similar to the toy-type poodle teddy bear dog. There is a market for people who like it but they are not yet able to join the International Kennel Club competition.)

However, even though this kind of dog comes in many different sizes , but in their hearts, they are still 100% Schnauzers.

[Edit this paragraph] Schnauzer coat color inheritance

There are no restrictions on the matching of miniature Schnauzers with salt and pepper, black and silver, and black coat colors. All three colors will appear in the offspring, but the ratio of the results of color enhancement is different, and the salt-and-pepper color only appears in Schnauzers. The following is a brief explanation of the coat color inheritance of Mini Schnauzers:

This is only a reference and cannot express the complete genetic expression, but one thing is for sure, unless there is a major genetic defect, the white color does not exist in Miniature Schnauzers.

The offspring of parent dogs

Salt and pepper X salt and pepper = salt and pepper, black and silver

Salt and pepper Silver >Black There is no such thing as silver. All three colors have the same skin pigment, for example, there can be no white or pink skin spots anywhere on the dog's body.

Salt and pepper color

The typical salt and pepper coat color is composed of black and white striped hair (referring to the color change from dark to light to dark from the hair root to the hair tip) and black and white non-striped hair. It comes from the combination of striped hairs, with striped hairs being dominant. All shades of salt and pepper are acceptable, and a mixture of light to dark shades of streaked and non-striated hair in the top coat (tan undertones are also acceptable). In salt-and-pepper dogs, the salt-and-pepper texture fades to light gray or silver in the eyebrows, beard, cheeks, under the throat, inside the ears, chest hair, under the base of the tail, leg grooming, and the inside of the back. Under the body, the hair may fade, but if it fades, the faded hair must not extend up the side of the body beyond the elbow.

Black and silver

The color changes of black and silver are the same as salt and pepper. The entire salt and pepper section must be black. The black top coat of the Black and Silver Dog is very thick black and the undercoat is black. The plucked area will not lighten or have a brown tint, and the hair under the body will be darker.

Black

Black is the only recognized solid color Schnauzer. The ideal black color should be: the outer hair is thick and shiny, the underlying hair can be slightly sparse, and has a matte black color. This is natural and should not be deducted. The plucked areas will not fade or have a brown tint. Sheared and plucked areas will have a lighter black color. A small white spot on the chest is acceptable, as is a single white hair on other parts of the body.

Disqualifying Faults: Pure white or white stripes, mottled spots or white spots on colored parts of the dog's body. Black Schnauzers may have small white spots on the chest. In salt-and-pepper, black-silver and solid black dogs, the area under the throat and chest may fade to gray or silver, with the natural coat color between these faded areas. Any uneven and connected white lines or white spots appearing in these areas will be regarded as white spots and will be disqualified.

[Edit this paragraph] Schnauzer feeding guide

1. You cannot take a bath or walk within 20 days after changing the environment.

2. I cannot eat meat or drink milk within two months after arriving home.

3. Within two months after arriving home, it is advisable to soak porridge-like food or dry food in water before eating. Some other foods often cause indigestion, diarrhea, etc., so they should not be eaten by dogs.

4. Feed dog food 4 times a day. Take 2/3 of a standard paper cup each time (2/3 of the paper cup after soaking). Remember to soak it in hot water before giving it to him. Don't eat too much or eat randomly. We recommend Guanneng brand for dog food.

If you want to increase nutrition for your dog, you can add a cooked egg yolk every day. Remember that one egg yolk should be fed three times.

5. Do not feed your puppy food that is too cold or too hot, as this will cause damage to the puppy’s mouth.

6. Do not feed spoiled and rotten food to puppies.

7. Leftover dog food should be thrown away immediately. It is best to wash the food bowl after each feeding to prevent diarrhea or food poisoning.

8. Do not feed cat food to puppies as dog food, because cat food contains too high protein.

9. Do not disturb the puppy when it is eating, otherwise it will become very nervous when eating in the future.

10. The water supply must be sufficient, clean containers must be prepared, do not feed raw water, let the boiled water cool, and constantly change fresh water, do not change old water for several days. Let the dog drink water freely.

11. Dogs should be dewormed when they are 21 days old, but dogs may eat everything when we are not paying attention, and 99% of them will have "worms"! So remember that you need to "deworm" it again, otherwise, the terrible consequences of "turning the intestines" will inevitably occur! Deworming method: Go to the drugstore to buy a first-generation "L-aminozoate" and take it once every half month, for 3 days each time, half a tablet a day. Feed! 2 consecutive months.

12. Puppies are afraid of the cold, so whether it is winter or summer, you must pay attention to keeping them warm. Do not let the puppy's belly rest on the ground for a long time, as this may cause him to catch a cold and cause diarrhea or a cold.

13. Don’t satisfy the puppy’s request just because it begs you for food. This will cause it to develop bad habits, and the puppy will quickly become overweight. A strict set of feeding times should be established. Let the puppy eat in its food bowl. Puppies should also be taught to sit and wait for food, and to start eating only with the owner's permission.

Feeding and management

In the daily feed for Schnauzers, there should be 250 to 350 grams of meat, plus an equal amount of cooked dry vegetables or biscuits. The meat should be cooked and chopped first, add an appropriate amount of water, and mix with cooked and dry ingredients before feeding. Feeding should be done at a fixed time and at a fixed point, and should be completed within 15 to 25 minutes. If you fail to finish eating within the stipulated time, the food trough must be taken away and cleaned. Water should be supplied 2 to 3 times a day.

Miniature Schnauzers like to follow their owners for walks and play ball. They are very popular because they can adapt to a relatively simple and difficult life in the countryside as well as to urban apartment life.

Brush its coat every day to keep it clean. In spring and autumn, the overly long coat should be trimmed, earwax, tartar and eye mucus should be removed regularly, and toes and claws should be trimmed.

The hair on the dog's ears, cheeks and head should also be trimmed regularly, and the eyebrows should also be trimmed and beautified.

When trimming the coat of all parts of the body, pay attention to the following points:

(1) The hair on the head cover should not be allowed to be too long, but should be trimmed shorter.

(2) The hair between the cheeks, the corners of the mouth and the eyes should also be trimmed shorter.

(3) The hair on the muzzle and the hair on the cheeks and jaws should be trimmed appropriately to make them symmetrical and beautiful.

(4) The hair on the inside and outside of the ears should be trimmed shorter, and the hair around the ear shell should be trimmed evenly.

(5) The hair on the throat should be kept short and neat and beautiful.

(6) The neck hair and coat should be trimmed to neither long nor short, so that the backline is balanced and neat.

(7) The hair on the neck and back should be trimmed in sequence starting from the back, left and right.

(8) The hair on the front neck and chest should also be trimmed in the order of the hair toward the elbow.

(9) The back hair on the shoulders should be trimmed gradually forward in the direction of the chest and should be shorter.

(10) The hair from the back to the chest should be kept longer and trimmed towards the back of the body.

(11) The hair from the back to the middle of the thigh should be trimmed very short.

(12) The coat on the waist should be trimmed shorter than the hair on the chest, and the hair that curls upward below the waist should also be trimmed shorter.

(13) When trimming the hair on the forelimbs, the hair on the front and sides of the elbows should be trimmed; the hair around the toes and between the toes should also be trimmed.

(14) The lines starting from the shoulders, downward and behind the toe tips, and from the chest to the toe tips should be trimmed evenly and neatly.

(15) The hair on the inside of the hind limbs should be trimmed neatly.

(16) The hair from the back to the middle of the thigh should be cut very short.

(17) The hair on the hock joints must be cut very short so that the skin can be clearly seen.

(18) The hair on the tail that is too long should be trimmed appropriately, but not too short.

(19) The hair from the tail to the buttocks should be cut neatly, but not too short.

During the daily feeding process, you should always pay attention to the dog’s mental state, behavior, appetite, the shape of the stool, the dryness and humidity of the nose pads and the coolness and heat of the nose pads, and keep abreast of the dog’s health status. If abnormalities or signs of illness are found, treatment measures should be taken as soon as possible.

[Edit this paragraph] How to choose Schnauzer puppies

Even dog farms or pet stores, not every one is good. The following are some aspects that you need to pay attention to when buying a Schnauzer. When you come to a dog farm or pet store, you need to observe the following aspects:

1. Is the environment clean, spacious and bright?

What kind of environment a dog comes from is very important. If a dog originally lived in a dirty and small environment, it would move, urinate and defecate in the same place, and there would be no trace of urine after excretion. If people clean it in time and the smell is high, then it will definitely not have good hygiene habits. After it arrives in a new family, it will be difficult to train it to defecate outdoors. On the other hand, if the dog farm you see is very clean and bright, with kennels and activity areas, each dog will be taken out of the kennel regularly every day to exercise and defecate. After defecation, someone will immediately clean it up. Such a dog must not be willing to dirty the place where it sleeps and lives. When it arrives at the new owner's home, it will be easy to teach it to defecate outdoors or in a fixed place. If it's a pet shop, most dogs are kept in cages. Likewise, you also need to check whether the dog cage is regularly kept clean and whether someone cleans it immediately after the dog urinates and defecates. Whether the dog is led out for outdoor activities and exposed to the sun, you should not just look at whether the sign of the store is beautiful or not, whether the decoration is stylish enough, but also whether there is an intolerable odor in the store. In addition to uncleanness, In addition to the reasons, it is also likely to be due to sick dogs. The odor of sick dogs is usually cleaned away [1].

2. What kind of food do dogs eat?

If you see rice, porridge, some vegetables and meat mixed together to feed dogs, then this kind of food has too high starch and fat content, lack of calcium and trace elements, and most dogs There will be varying degrees of rickets, and skin and hair cannot grow healthily. In addition, due to production and preservation reasons, dogs who eat this kind of food are more likely to suffer from digestive tract diseases. You can know this by whether the dog's stool is formed and whether the color is normal. two. What's more serious is that dogs raised on this kind of food will be very greedy in nine cases. They will like to look for garbage and even eat it. Because they have been eating human food for a long time, they cannot receive food refusal training, so they will not refuse food given to them by strangers. If someone poisons you, you will definitely not be spared. Formal and scientifically managed dog farms must feed dogs with special dog food. Dog food should be fed regularly and quantitatively dry, and clean water will be placed separately so that it is clean and will not be wasted. The dog food used is specially formulated and produced according to the dog's growth and exercise needs. It has very comprehensive nutrients and is conducive to digestion, and the dog will grow very healthy. Dogs that have grown up eating dog food will make poisoners unable to do anything to them as long as they are trained to resist food.

3. What is the dog’s health and neurological condition?

If the Schnauzer you see has knotted hair, the replaced hair hangs on the body without anyone combing it, or there is feces or other dirt on the hair, then they There must be no one grooming the dog. Also, check to see if there are any sick dogs. As long as a dog is sick, especially bacterial or viral infectious diseases and skin diseases, then the dogs living with it are very likely to be infected, and you should not buy from this dog farm or pet store. dog. When selecting a dog, check whether the dog has runny nose or eye mucus, whether the ears are clean or not, and whether the nose is moist. As long as you find that one item is abnormal, you should carefully consider whether it is necessary to buy it.

In addition, if the dog is led out, is it afraid of strangers? If it hesitates, with its tail clamped and its eyes flickering, then such a dog must lack environmental exercise, so it is not familiar with the new environment. Some difficulties adjusting to the clubhouse.

Are they vaccinated and what vaccines are administered? Vaccination is the only way to prevent dogs from contracting viral infections. Once unvaccinated dogs are infected with the virus, the mortality rate will be nearly 100%. Even if they survive by chance, they will have lifelong sequelae. Puppies usually receive the first vaccination at 6 weeks, and it needs to be repeated every 3 to 4 weeks, 3 times before and after, and once a year thereafter. The rabies vaccine can only be injected when the child is over 3 months old. It can be injected once, and it will be done once a year in the future. Therefore, a dog may not complete puppy vaccinations until at least the 14th week. Dogs for sale must have a complete vaccination record appropriate to their age. The reason for emphasizing "approximately its age" is that there are many dogs that go to the veterinary hospital for treatment and are only a little more than a month old, but their owners tell the veterinarian that the person selling the dog told them that "all the vaccines have been given." , which is obviously unlikely. If a vaccine is used, you need to see what kind of vaccine they are using and whether it is an effective vaccine? Due to technical reasons, the quality of domestically produced vaccines is not stable and is not the most effective method. Some of the imported vaccines are produced in the Netherlands and the United States. Since it is imported, insulation measures during transportation are extremely important. The storage temperature of vaccines is usually between 2 and 7°C. Vaccines will become ineffective in 120 minutes above this temperature. A vaccine consists of two parts: freeze-dried vaccine and liquid vaccine. Turn over the bottom of the bottle containing the freeze-dried vaccine and take a look. If you see cracked dry powder, then the bottle of vaccine must have been frozen again after being melted at high temperatures, and is actually ineffective.

In addition, you should check the label of the vaccine bottle to see if it can be peeled off and stuck on the record card. There should be complete brand, expiration date, vaccine name and other information on the label. Once the label is removed, the used vaccine vial cannot be reused to prevent the possibility of being filled with counterfeit medicine.

4. Talk to the breeder or dog seller.

When buying a Schnauzer puppy, don’t forget to pay attention to the conversation and conversation between the breeder and the seller. For example, a person who only advocates "getting rich by raising dogs" is unlikely to have a serious attitude and sense of responsibility for raising dogs, because the ultimate goal of such people is to make money, and making money is their top priority. The dog's principles have changed qualitatively, so it is impossible for them to put the interests of the dog and the client first.

When talking, you should pay attention to whether their introduction is objective and detailed; whether they can answer questions patiently; whether they have sufficient professional knowledge; in addition to recommending buying a dog, whether they have any suggestions. Guiding suggestions and informative introductions; and you also need to know how their after-sales service is, whether they have technical guidance, and how to ensure the quality of the dogs. When it comes to guarantees, the common method used by foreign dog farms is to number the dogs' ears. The ear number is a lifelong mark of the dog and has the same function as a trademark. Therefore, if you see that the dogs for sale at this dog farm all have ear numbers, there is no need to worry that they will go out and deny it. At the same time, if you buy a dog with ear numbers, it will be very easy to prove the dog's identity and your ownership if it is lost or stolen and found. If the staff of this dog farm make you feel professional, trustworthy, and honest, you can buy their dog without any worries, because this also reflects the level of this dog farm in one aspect.