Inadvertently saw the "e-commerce platform" that can deliver goods without credit-idle fish. There is an undercurrent on the platform. As soon as I met Pu Sang or Pu Sang's "big butt" station wagon, I began to fly with feelings, all kinds of nostalgic spirits and fine products with German characters.
Ordinary Santana, which is not optimistic in the second-hand market, began to be hyped by online car dealers. The average price ranged from several thousand to 10000, then soared to 30000, and recently even reached 50000 to 60000. What the hell is going on here?
We have always stressed that true feelings are valuable and excessive hype is a pit. The sky-high Pu Sang and Santana station wagons are a relatively new pit. Today we're going to tear this hole open!
Which cars are worth collecting?
The collection value of cars is actually a very big topic, which can completely write a book. In this essay, we just throw a brick to attract jade.
If a car has a hype basis, or a long history, the international standard is to produce for more than 30 years. Either the technology can represent the advanced nature at that time, or a special version was formed for some reason, and the output and possession were particularly small. Even a model and celebrity become attached, which highlights the scarcity.
This is a common rule in many countries with a longer automobile history than ours. So, do Pu Sang and Santana have these conditions? What's going on in the online second-hand market, Santana? In this issue, the bumpy road is like everyone's road.
What you should know about Santana
I don't want to sort out the modern history of German cars, but you should know that the name Santana didn't exist in the German car circle in the 1980 s.
This name with a strong South American style is indeed related to the products that Volkswagen specially supplied to the Latin American market at that time, but the familiar prototype father of Pu Sang is actually called Passat B2. The picture below shows the poster of that year.
In the 1980s, our Pu Sang was released in Germany. As a relatively cheap B-class car, it was branded as Passat.
At that time, three basic body forms were introduced: car, hatchback and station wagon. In China, according to the spread of folk culture, the translated name of Wagon was changed to "station wagon". What we want to emphasize is that there is not much difference between the three models in structure and most parts.
If you want to talk about feelings, I think there are fewer hatchbacks. What a pity! Not in China! Because the domestic car market of about 6.5438+0.5 million at that time was dominated by sedan cars, which was even hotter than the current SUV!
Tell me something that many people don't know.
If there are still people clamoring that China's Santana Touring Car is a "magic car", then the following four-wheel drive system "SYNCRO" Pu Sang Touring Car from Germany at that time is a "magic car" that can cope with more slippery and snowy roads.
Sorry, there is no such four-wheel drive model in China! At present, the second-hand market is full of modernized and simplified "young classic cars" from 2005 to 2007 in the 20th century. The old place is not old, the young place is not young! We will talk about it in detail in the next paragraph.
Only modernization suffers from international disasters.
If you really have a 1983 Pu Sang rolled off the assembly line in April, you can bid sky-high prices in the second-hand market. After all, it still has certain collection significance. Because it witnessed the beginning of Shanghai Volkswagen products. Everyone knows how Pu Sang came to China. It depends on Anting in Shanghai at 1983. The picture below is a picture that is often used in the media. The first Santana rolled off the assembly line that year.
However, "but" is coming again! For some well-known reasons, the first-generation Pu Sang was equipped with a bumper and a carburetor engine above the rim. Have been taken to the dismantling plant by the local "environmental protection" department. Obviously, they have "completed" their historical mission. If there is such a car in the second-hand market, it must be a "1 turn 1" model.
What's the online speculation, Santana?
Due to the emission restrictions and the replacement time of manufacturers' models, if the emissions of country II or country III can be met now, it will be a batch of "Santana Classics" launched by manufacturers before the delisting of this generation of Santana.
What was the price of the new car at that time? In fact, this is the decisive factor in the price of used cars. At that time, the car guide price was 67,000 yuan, and the station wagon was 78,800 yuan. At that time, the price of the police station wagon was 98,500 yuan. Why are police models so expensive? All because of special equipment. The most striking feature of these cars is the use of aluminum alloy wheels and new pictures.
Calculate a small account, if according to the current price of new cars and the general annual depreciation rate of domestic cars 12%, how much should such cars be sold now? I think we should find our own way.
Some people say that this "Armageddon Pu Sang" has feelings, and the technology has been updated a lot, which is not much different from the current automobile industry? but
Is there really no difference?
On the ins and outs of Pu Sang system
This is an old story.
Audi's engines in the 65438+60s were all old engines with 4-cylinder camshaft OHV and displacement of 1.5 to 1.9 liters. These engines were originally developed by Mercedes for military purposes. Only Audi engineers improved the compression ratio to 1 1.2: 1. However, the NVH vibration and noise control of these engines are far below the general level, and their reliability is also below the standard.
By 1966, Audi is already a member of VAG Group, and they are in urgent need of new engines. Then start the engine project with code name EA827, where EA is Entwicklung s _ UFTRAG _ BookFading (4).
The initial goal of EA827 project is to develop a low-cost 4-cylinder 1.2L engine and a belt-driven single overhead camshaft SOHC machine with tappets, each cylinder is equipped with 2 valves. In order to provide power for the later Audi 80_OX (Audi Focus in American market).
Its cylindrical center distance is 88mm, and it inclines 20 degrees to the right. These two defining features have been preserved until its subsequent products (EA 1 13 and EA888).
However, this center-to-center spacing limits the diameter of the cylinder and limits the increase of displacement. This arrangement is beneficial to the long-stroke engine _T 1972 with large torque and easy vibration. When it was introduced, its displacement finally reached 1.3 and 1.5 liters, and it was used on Audi 80 _1_ w Passat B 1 body.
However, if this matter is changed to Pu Sang introduced in 2004, you will find that this engine really continues the system of EA827, except that the engine is EFI, and some modifications have been made due to the emission requirements! And this engine has been born for more than 35 years! But it wasn't more than 30 years ago! Moreover, the output of Shanghai Volkswagen in those years has been "astronomical". If you want to talk about the collection value, this is the biggest embarrassment!
So I can't walk every day?
Some people say that I prefer old cars to walking. This car is very comfortable. Sure! Driving a new car that looks very old, and it is a common department-level or department-level "official car", listening to the wolf disco 20 years ago, you can really get back some youthful fantasies.
But now the complicated traffic situation is really different from 65438+ 1990. From the strict sense of daily driving safety, the last batch of Pu Sang and Santana station wagons have no airbags. It's equivalent to streaking behind the steering column!
Moreover, the design that the clutch pedal is too right is also a style to strengthen physical exercise. The original driving experience, rising when accelerating, and the sound of the generator with the reputation of "the three tenors of the highway in 80 years" will all bring troubles to your daily driving. At the same time of nostalgia, you must bear its primitiveness.
So I'll make a gesture?
Because of the low car price and a set of pneumatic suspension, Pu Sang can naturally become a people-friendly HF-style car, with a large population and a wide foundation, and naturally people play with it. Many people's modification inspiration comes from some party pictures of European Volkswagen Club.
However, a set of pneumatic shock absorbers costs 20,000 yuan and a set of genuine BBS_M wheels costs more than 20,000 yuan, which is the domestic price. Moreover, due to the suspension structure, it is difficult for Pu Sang to achieve a high-pitched HF low-prone style.
In the domestic environment, if there are really not many gold medal players, how many people are willing to spend tens of thousands to modify a car that has gained thousands of dollars? As a result, various effects from the East frequently appear. There are 2,000 inferior Volkswagen wheels, more than 2,000 totally airtight fake PU leather interiors, and all kinds of running lights that don't conform to the temperament of that era. Some clay gun Taobao modifications are all upper body!
It is this kind of car that is still bidding in various forums and idle fish, always ready to catch big fish, in the name of feelings. Sometimes it's ridiculous and polite to think about it. Is it really "not enough fools"? All feelings should actually be based on reason.
If you really want 50,000 to 60,000 yuan from the perspective of practicality and liking the "big ass" of the station wagon, wouldn't it be nice for me to find a mazda 6_agon station wagon?
Feelings have a price, and bad hype is only temporary. This is the truth we believe. If you don't blindly follow the trend and learn more basic knowledge, I believe many things will be better.
Finally, enjoy the "Pu Sang" station wagon of Volkswagen's classic car department, and welcome to express your opinions in the comments. The Bump Brotherhood listens at any time. Pay attention to our car number (kudzu)
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.
How do college students make money? 1. Be the official account of WeChat.
For college students to make money, the official WeChat account is of course the best choice for the following two reasons:
1. Being an official WeChat account can force you to output content, and over time your ability will be improved accordingly. People are forced out. Everyone has potential, born in happiness and died in worry, so don't be anxious when facing pressure. Maybe this is just a little life test for you. Believe in yourself, everything can be handled well. If you are in a hurry, you can go to Liangshan, where the times make heroes, and the poor will think about change. Only when there is pressure can there be motivation.
2. The WeChat public platform can be said to be an absolutely stable platform with considerable benefits.
How to make your official WeChat account profitable;
The first step is to find a suitable location.
Find a field that you like or are good at. For example, if you like beauty, you can share some of your beauty skills and write some articles about beauty. If you are good at emotional problems, you can make an official account of emotional consultation WeChat to share some problems between couples and how to solve them. In short, we should find our own position and be a neighborhood that we like or are good at.
Second, writing to make money-the most reliable way for college students
There are many reliable platforms for writing to make money. In addition to the official WeChat account just mentioned, there are many platforms like Zhihu, Baijia, Dayu and Toutiao. A Zhihu 10,000 fans praised 100 yuan, so you can imagine how impressive the benefits of writing are.
Be sure to be familiar with the style of this number before submitting it, and take out the previous articles to have a look. Don't rush to vote blindly, because the rate of Chinese manuscripts is very low. (The submission method is generally in the menu bar of the official WeChat account. Be sure to see if it is delivered to the mailbox. If you make a mistake, you can't read your manuscript. ) Generally, the contribution fee for a manuscript on the official WeChat account is 500 to 1000, depending on the number.
Note: writing must be adhered to, which is a process of quantitative change leading to qualitative change. The core of net text lies in whether it can bring useful information to others.
Three: make money through short videos.
The pace of people's life is accelerating day by day, and short videos are increasingly loved by people. Many people made their first pot of gold through short videos. Although many people criticize short videos, it still does not mean that short videos do not make money. I don't encourage you to brush more short videos, but you can make money through him. Many people also make money by moving videos. Download the video on Youtobe or other platforms, and then add subtitles, music, watermarks, etc. , they become original. That's the point. Only by changing the video to original will there be higher income.
Short video items suitable for college students are as follows:
Emotional inspirational quotations video. Netease Cloud Hot Review Video. Mix and cut movie videos. Hand-painted knowledge video
. These videos are not difficult to make and do not require professional skills.
Liquidation channel: There are three main ways to realize short video:
Cooperation income: If you have a large number of fans, advertisers will naturally seek your cooperation. Generally, for an account with 10 million fans, the income from an advertisement is 6.5438+0 million yuan.
Bring the goods in the window. When you brush the video, you will see a page with related products. If we buy products, video producers can get some points. The advantage of this product is that you don't need to purchase it yourself. It is provided by the platform.
3. Be a personal brand. This is the ultimate realization of all media. The premise requires that you have a certain personality charm and something real. This requires you to do it full time.
When No.95 gasoline enters the 9 yuan era, will you consider buying a new energy vehicle? Undoubtedly, the emergence of new energy vehicles has brought us new choices. Compared with an oil car that costs several hundred yuan every time it refuels, the charging cost of new energy vehicles is very close to the people. According to the rough calculation of netizens, the battery life of a new energy vehicle 100km generally needs about 12kWh, that is, 12kWh. The household electricity charge is about 0.5 yuan/kWh, and the charging pile is calculated as 1.5 yuan/kWh. Then a new energy vehicle with a battery life of 500 kilometers needs 60 kWh to be fully charged, so the charging fee at home is 0.5× 12×5=30 yuan, and the charging station is 1.5× 12×5=90 yuan. The charging fees of different charging pile service providers are different. For example, the charging standard of Tesla charging station is 1.85 yuan/kWh.
At present, the purchase of new energy vehicles has a series of benefits, such as exemption from purchase tax, subsidy and license plate delivery, which really attracts many consumers who want to buy cars and colleagues who think that fuel costs are expensive. However, compared with oil vehicles, new energy vehicles also have some expensive places.
First of all, the insurance premium of new energy vehicles is expensive. After the official launch of commercial insurance exclusive products for new energy vehicles in June 5438+February last year, some new energy vehicle owners shouted that their insurance premiums were twice as expensive as before.
I hope I can help you and adopt it. Thank you!