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Historical evolution of Yian Yianpo Town

Yian Yianpo Town was formerly known as Tangshi Shenying, Yixipo, Yiyuanpo and Wukas.

As for the origin of the Tang family’s name of participating in the camp, it is said that in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the early Southern Song Dynasty, after the two emperors Hui and Qin were kidnapped to Yilan to sit in a well and watch the sky, more than ten personal soldiers of the two emperors Hui and Qin were afraid. Beheaded by Gaozong Zhao Gou, under the leadership of a general named Tang, in the name of rescuing Emperors Hui and Qin, they followed the carriages and horses escorting Emperors Hui and Qin into the north, and stayed near Yilan for several days at sunrise and night. In August, when there was no hope of rescuing Emperors Hui and Qin, they sacked several villages near Yilan and Binzhou, grabbed some daily necessities and female dependents, and entered the forest along the Ash River to the Wuzhu River to the Madan River. After arriving at Yimian Slope, we saw that the place was surrounded by mountains, towering ancient pines, and had a mild climate. So we selected a broad piece of land on the steep slope that was as flat as Dianjiang Terrace (now 300 meters west of Pantong Street) to set up camp, logging, building huts, reclaiming wasteland, fishing, hunting, and taking captives. The female family members managed to survive. Soon after, some soldiers dug up several trees in the surrounding dense forest, hunted several tigers, and cut off several pairs of bear paws. After arriving at the frozen Ant River, they sent people out of the mountain along the Ant River and walked around. Jindu, exchanged some salt and cloth for a living. A few years later, the two emperors of Hui and Qin died. This group of soldiers had no intention of returning to the Central Plains, and devoted themselves to living with the captive female relatives, digging ginseng, and They fished and hunted to feed their children. From the Liao and Jin Dynasties to the Manchu and Qing Dynasties, Zhu people began to set up on the ground along the Wuzhu River and the Manchu River to collect pearls as tribute. After the Zhu people discovered this descendant of the Northern Song Dynasty soldiers, they called this tribe the Tang family. By the first year of Guangxu (1875), Tang's Ginseng Camp had become a small village with about a hundred households. As Tang's Ginseng Camp became densely populated, the descendants of Tang's Ginseng Camp could not dig or catch ginseng. When the tigers and leopards arrived, they began to pick up the weapons left by their ancestors and go out to plunder. Because these people were warriors of the Northern Song Dynasty, they all had family martial arts and rarely encountered opponents when they robbed their homes. Therefore, the Tang family was surrounded by hundreds of people. People in Li Nei called it the "bandit's nest".

The process of changing the name from Tang's Shenying to Yixipo was due to the fact that the descendants of Tang's Shenying were sometimes for the people and sometimes for bandits. Before and after setting off to plunder, rituals to worship heaven, earth, and ancestors were held in the camp. The word "祃" refers to the ancient rituals held at the place where the army was stationed. Therefore, after the descendants of the generals named Tang died due to illness and no descendants of the Tang family lived in the camp, the camp was renamed "Yixunpo". ". Why is Yiyupo called "Yixuanpo"? This should start from the time when people fleeing from the pass entered Yiyupo in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, many of the people who fled were from Shandong, and Shandong dialect said " "Mopping the wall" became "Yuan Qiang". After arriving at Yimeipo, I saw that a small slope more than 50 meters long was as smooth as a wall that I had passed, so I changed the name of Yimeipo to Yiyuanpo. Over time, Yimeipo The original meaning of the name has been forgotten, and Yiyanpo has become a recognized place name. Why was it changed to Wukas? The reason is that in 1896, Russian engineers went to Yiyanpo to draw a geographical map and map out the Middle East Railway Line. , Railway construction began in Russia in 1897, and it was built through Suifenhe to Yimianpo. In 1903, it was built into the current Yimianpo station, 162 kilometers away from Harbin and 192 kilometers away from Mudanjiang. It was the middle of Binsui with wooden beams (the fuel needed for the locomotive at that time) , a large station for loading and unloading passengers and loading and unloading goods. After the station was built, the Russians named the station "Wukas" station. The village name Yiyuanpo, which evolved from Tang's Ginseng Camp, was also changed to Wukas. After the station was built, the Russians successively built the West Building (to house Russian troops) and the East Building (the main building of the park) near the station. In 1900, Russia sent 170,000 troops to invade Northeast my country in the name of road protection. The West Building could station more than 800 troops. , in winter, Russians spend Christmas here; in spring, they celebrate Bass Festival; on Sunday, Russians on the Binsui Line take the train here to have fun and return; in summer, Russian nobles come here to escape the summer) and the station building (where Russian police are stationed).

With the completion of Wukas Station, Yiyuanpo (Wukas), a small village in the dense forest, quickly became prosperous. In more than 30 years, more than 200 Russian families came here. settled (so far, 81 Russian-style buildings are still preserved in Yimianpo Town, and the exotic city style is still very strong). In addition to several naturally formed streets such as Pantong Street, several Dazhi Streets and railways with the same names as Harbin streets have also been established. Street, buying and selling street, etc. At the same time, industry, agriculture, and commerce developed rapidly. In a few years, there were "eight major" industrial and commercial households here that became famous: Gongheli Flour Mill (Gongheli Flour Mill, built in 1913 by the Russians) Founded, using a gas machine to rotate a steel roller mill, with a daily production capacity of 900 poods and an annual production capacity of about 270,000 poods), Tianxing Youfang, Wanlong Spring, Deshengquan, and Wanxingyuan (these three pot and wine making companies are also engaged in There are three large department stores including Youfang), Heshuncheng, Fushuntai, and Yufengheng; in the commercial service industry, there are several large restaurants such as New World, Binyanchun, Goubuli Tianjin Baozi Shop, and Houdefu; in the street there are Dong Market, West Market, Daxing Pawnshop and several Chinese and Western hospitals; entertainment venues include Puqing Tea Garden, Luozi Garden, Storytelling Hall, Baoju, Pai Gow Bureau and several brothels. There are more than 40 prostitutes in one brothel in Xinchunli alone. It has become a popular place for bachelors and swingers. In Wukas, which became prosperous, businessmen from Russia, Britain, Japan, Germany, Korea and other countries successively set up agencies near the station to buy large quantities of grain and food from farmers in Yanshou, Fangzheng, Wuchang, Zhuhe and Weihe counties at low prices. Ginseng, deer antlers, tiger bones, bear bile, mink skins and other precious items were shipped abroad. The completion of Wukas Station caused unprecedented plunder of the forest resources around Yiyangpo. From 1900 to 1931,

for more than thirty years, precious woods such as red pine, elm, oak, catalpa, and manchurian ash were piled up in mountains and trains inside and outside Wukas Station. A steady stream of logs are shipped abroad. Tang's ginseng camp, which was once surrounded by virgin forest, now has its bare back exposed after it transformed into Wukas.

Imianpo Town

With the crazy plundering of the foreign powers, cultural education and religious culture also flourished in Wukas. On the basis of the original two schools, a special zone was established The second school for boys and the second school for girls specialize in teaching Russian and Chinese. Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and Christianity have successively preached and taught in Wukas. There are temples built on the south slope, west mountain and north mountain. Temple fairs are held on the 8th and 18th of April. Devoted men and women burn incense, worship Buddha, make vows, attend temple fairs, watch dramas, watch sideshows, and there is buying and selling. It is very lively. There is a Taoist Qingyun Palace in the north mountain, and there are Taoist priests. Several people; Islam has a mosque, and the Hui people celebrate Eid al-Fitr in the mosque every year; Christianity is divided into Presbyterians and Baptists. There are many believers in this religion, and they gather in churches to worship every Sunday. As for why Wukas was changed to a one-sided slope, the process was very tortuous. In 1900, the Russian Urublevsky invested in establishing China's first brewery in Harbin. In 1901, Russian and German businessmen opened the second brewery in Harbin. From 1902 to 1903, the Czechs After building the third brewery in Harbin, the Germans established a fourth brewery in Qingdao in 1903, the Yingde Brewery. When the beer industry was rapidly rising in China, Wukas businessman Yang Liancheng raised 150,000 yuan to establish the Middle East Beer Company, employing 18 employees and producing 500,000 bottles of beer annually.

After the establishment of the Middle East Beer Company, the Russians ordered Yang Liancheng to name the beer company after the Russian word Wukas. However, Yang Liancheng, who had quite a national backbone, resolutely refused to use the name Wukas and insisted on using the name Wukas. Si's original name was Yiyuanpo and the company was named after him. However, we encountered difficulties when translating the trademark into English, Japanese, German, Italian, Russian and other letters for Yiyanpo Middle East Beer Company, because the word "Yuan" in Yiyanpo was originally from the Shandong dialect. It is also difficult to translate this word appropriately using the letters. At that time, beer was sold to foreigners living in China. Chinese people did not drink this beer yet. Without translation, the beer of the Middle East Beer Company could not be sold. In desperation, Yang Liancheng had to change the word "Yuan" in Yiyuanpo to "face", translate it into foreign languages ??and print the trademark. Since then, Yi Yianpo Middle East Beer Company was born at No. 52, Dongxing Village, Wukas.

The word "Mian Slope" also spread with the sales of beer in the Middle East. Over time, its reputation has eclipsed that of Wukas, causing the Russians to label the Wukas stop sign with "Mian Slope". This Chinese place name comes from beer.

Yang Liancheng’s move received strong support from Xu Zichu, the first five-cass defense inspector. Xu Zichu, a native of Zhili, was born in the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1903). In the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1903), the branch defense and inspection department of Shaoguodianzi (now Zhoujiatun, Yanshou County) was reorganized into Changshou County. Agency, Xu Zichu became the first inspector. Xu Zichu was also a Qing Dynasty official with a sense of justice. When Yang Liancheng insisted on naming the beer company after Yimianpo and Russia interfered, Xu Zichu changed the Wukas separate defense inspection to Yimianpo separate defense inspection in response. Under the pressure of separate defense inspections, the Russian side had no choice but to acquiesce in allowing Yang Liancheng to use the word Yian Yianpo to name the company. In the first year of the Republic of China, Cheng Junqing (original from Anhui, appointed in the 31st year of Guangxu), Wu Jingjian (original from Jingzhao, appointed in the 33rd year of Guangxu), Yang Wenxiao (original from Sichuan, appointed in the 34th year of Guangxu), and Wang Lisheng (born in Anhui, came to the post in the first year of Xuantong), Tan Yuqing (born in Zhuozhou, came to the post in the 2nd year of Xuantong), Wang Xiwen (born in Fengtian, came to the post in the 3rd year of Xuantong), and Li Ziming (born in Dehui, came to the post in the first year of the Republic of China) all face Yianpo Middle East Beer The company's development and the use of the name Yifanpo have given it full support. Therefore, from 1903 to 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China), the words "Wukas" are basically invisible in local official documents.

When naming the beer, Yang Liancheng also refused to use the Russian word Wukas to name the beer. He named the beer after the word "Samsung" in "Samsung Gaozhao" and called it "Samsung Beer Lu Beer". ". Since then, Yimianpo and Samsung beer have been widely spread. The complete disappearance of Wukas occurred after the Japanese invaders occupied Yianpo. On the morning of February 21, 1932, the Japanese armored vehicles drove into Wukas Station, occupied the buildings near the station, and began to fire guns and cannons at the Red Gun Club and Dadao Club who had retreated to Nanshan to confront the Japanese army. The Huihui also used rifles and small artillery to fight back at the Japanese army. The fierce battle lasted for more than 3 hours, with both sides suffering casualties. In the end, the Red Spear Hui and the Broadsword Hui withdrew into the mountains, and the fighting ended. After the Japanese army occupied Wukas, they were attacked twice by anti-Japanese armed forces. The Japanese army began to suspect that the Russians stationed in Wukas were secretly supporting the anti-Japanese armed forces to attack them, on the grounds that the guns used by the anti-Japanese armed forces contained Russian-style weapons. Therefore, the Japanese army successively stationed the garrison of Colonel Shimamura and the cavalry, artillery, and motorcycle teams of Taisei's troops at Railway South (Twenty-Eight Houses) and Railway North West Building (formerly Russian barracks) respectively, in order to dispel the Russian momentum. , all the station and town signs marked with the words Wukas were smashed. In order to win over the hearts and minds of the local gentry, Yimian Slope was officially used as the place name of the town. It is named after a 50-meter long slope in the middle of the town's main street. A settlement was formed around 1875. In 1903, a station on the China-Eastern Railway was built and it became a market town. After the establishment of Zhuhe County, Yimianpo became the second district of Zhuhe County. During the period of the fall of Northeast China, Yimianpo was the center of Japanese and puppet rule in the Hadong region. After the liberation of Northeast China in 1945, there were the Hadong Commissioner's Office, the Hadong Military Division Headquarters and the Yiyianpo District Government. In 1956, it was established as Yimianpo Town. It was changed to a commune in 1958. In 1980, Yimianpo Town was restored. In 1956, Jiujiang Township was divided into Yimianpo and was named after Paotun, Jiujiang. In 1958, Jiujiang Township was merged into Yimianpo Town. In 1985, it was separated from Yianmenpo Town and established as a township. It was named Wanshan Township because it was based in Wanshantun. Wanshantun is named after the station. After the completion of the China-Eastern Railway, the 140th evacuation station was set up here. During the Republic of China, Wanshan was named Wanshan because it was located among the mountains. At the end of 1985, Yiyianpo Town had an area of ??89 square kilometers and a population of 39,492, including 12,643 agricultural residents. It governed 12 villages and 9 natural villages; Wanshan Township had an area of ??238 square kilometers and a population of 9,599, including 8,009 agricultural residents. , governs 11 villages and 19 natural villages.

In 1996, Yiyianpo Town had an area of ??119.8 square kilometers and a population of 40,000. It governed 12 towns including Zhendong, Zhenzhong, Zhenbei, Yongchang, Yongle, Sanyang, Longquan, Minle, Zhi'an, Changying, Puqing and Railway. Administrative village; Wanshan Township covers an area of ??238 square kilometers and has a population of 10,000. It governs 11 administrative villages including Wanshan, Wuqi, Huanshan, Sheng'an, Yuexing, Jewelry, Xi'an, Jiuxing, Jiujiang, Dalianhe and Jiuxing. . In 2000, the population of the fifth census was 32,963 in Yimianpo Town and 8,619 in Wanshan Township. In 2002, Wanshan Township was abolished and merged into Yian Yianpo Town.