Chapter 1. Guidelines for DIY

1. If you really want to build a computer by yourself, then you should spend at least one to two weeks learning some basic knowledge of building a computer. If you are sure that you don’t have time to learn, then it is recommended that you choose a brand machine. Because if a rookie who doesn’t know anything goes to save machines, the chance of being cheated by JS is almost 100%; if he asks an acquaintance to save machines, the chance of being cheated is at least 90%.

2. How to learn the basic knowledge of machine building is actually very simple. You just need to start with the following points.

1. Go to fan clubs and look at the posts about machine building and accessories written by many experts in the past. Soon, you will have a vague idea of ??all aspects of machine building.

2. Find your own configuration. In fact, you know your needs best. You might as well go to the IT168 machine building channel or the pconline installation channel to find the configuration you need. There are quite a few configurations in there and you will definitely find a few that suit you.

3. Send the configuration you think is suitable for you to the enthusiast club. And explain your needs. Let the forum experts help you with your review. Get what everyone has to say and keep learning in the process, and soon you will have your own configuration.

4. Through the above learning, before you actually buy a machine, you should take a good look at the posts on how to prevent being cheated in the forum (there are actually many such posts).

Through the above steps, it shouldn’t be a big problem to save a computer that satisfies you.

Finally, let me mention again that there are several aspects that should be paid attention to when mentioning your own needs for building a computer in the forum.

1. What is your purpose of building a computer? Do you generally use the Internet for work, play poker Solitaire, or play large games? What kind of games do you play? What other games do you plan to develop in the future? If I want to watch a movie, is it a normal video, a compressed TV series, or a high-definition movie? How long does it take to turn on the phone every day? Overnight BT?

2. What is your budget for building a machine? Students without income are advised to do what they can.

3. What type of monitor do you want? CRT? liquid crystal? Regular screen or widescreen? How many inches? It is recommended that CRT or regular-screen LCD is better for playing games, and widescreen LCD is better for watching movies, especially high-definition wide-screen movies.

4. Do you prefer Intel or AMD platform? If you want to use two sets, you must explain the reason. Generally, you will not get two sets.

5. Do you like overclocking? Overclocking will cause certain losses to the hardware, and the power consumption will also be different, so it must be considered comprehensively.

6. If you are upgrading an old machine, please report the detailed configuration of the old machine, the purpose of the upgrade, the budget, and which old hardware should continue to be used.

7. If you are doing design, please state whether it is 3D design or graphic design, which programs are generally used, how big are the images, whether it is a professional or just for fun, or a beginner.

8. If you just want to ask about the price, I suggest you go to the IT168 product quotation library or PConline to check. Most of the configuration prices we give are also checked there. They are not exact prices and cannot be compared with yours. The local price is the same and can only be used as a reference!

Chapter 2. Volkswagen Parts Order

Many friends come here to look for configurations, but they are always hesitant among many accessories, not knowing how to combine them or what the compatibility of the combination is. I personally pasted some configurations from many friends and put them into my database as alternatives (note: the order should not be a single accessory, but have several alternatives. JS always has a bunch of excuses to overturn your first choice. Selected) I just show you a ready-made one, hoping to give more help to newcomers and save you from traveling, haha

Since I pasted it here and there, I didn’t remember everything. Whose configuration is it? But I’ll be lenient if I confess, haha, they were all “copied”! ~ There are a lot of swallows in the top of the list. Everyone can go and see them. I will choose some things that are around 4000--5000

for civilians but mainstream. I won’t write down the price. There are differences in different places. You can shop around with 10 companies and compare the prices. Haha

(The configuration list is omitted because it is outdated)

Please note the model number , when buying, be sure to make sure that no letter or number is wrong in the model number

The monitor, speakers, mouse keys, etc. don’t matter. It all depends on personal preference, haha.

For CPU identification, I took the AMD boxed version as an example. In fact, I copied Caiban’s post before. Haha, the content is a WORD document. It is in the compressed package below. It is very detailed. You can After downloading and opening it, I’ll save some effort, hehe! ~

Okay, let’s first introduce the identification of DVI and memory. For CPU, I am contacting experts to help me solve it! ~

Chapter 3. Identification of Accessories

The following content is all from the repost. I also forgot about the original poster. It is not enough that it is still from the IT168 forum, haha. Thank you to the comrade who posted this! ~

1. DVI

DVI has become a fashion and development trend. But is the DVI in JS’s mouth the DVI we need?

DVI interfaces have various specifications, including DVI-A, DVI-D and DVI-I. DVI-A is actually the VGA interface standard, it’s just a different interface. Therefore, an LCD monitor with a DVI interface is not necessarily a true digital LCD monitor; DVI-D realizes true digital signal transmission. DVI-I takes over the above two interfaces. When DVI-I is connected to a VGA device, it plays the role of DVI-A; when DVI-I is connected to a DVI-D device, it plays the role of DVI-D. In order to be compatible with traditional analog display devices, most current graphics cards use a DVI-I interface with 24 digital signal pins and 5 analog signal pins. Everyone must ask clearly when choosing.

2. Memory

Friends who often visit the computer market will have this experience, that is, there are many memory brands in the market today. There are probably more than 20 brands in total. Everyone is choosing When shopping, I am often spoiled for choice. In addition to differences in memory brands, I found that "memory counterfeiting" has become an issue of great concern to the majority of netizens. At present, the memory market is a mixed bag. In addition to the familiar "modern compatibility strips", fakes are prevalent even in brand-name memory. The following are some mainstream brand memory identification methods summarized by the editor. I hope it will be helpful to everyone when building a machine.

● Kingston memory identification method:

Since Kingston brand memory entered the domestic market, it has become a famous brand in a short time with its extremely high quality performance and excellent after-sales service. Currently, it is the most trusted memory brand among consumers in the domestic memory market. As the saying goes: "A big tree attracts wind." It is precisely because of Kingston's excellent performance in the memory market in recent years that it has been favored by some criminals, and fake products have also entered the market. However, in addition to fake products, because Kingston’s legal agents are different, the labels affixed are also different, so some merchants only say that their own labels are genuine in order to compete.

Currently in the Shenzhen market, there are three Chinese general agents of Kingston memory, namely Zanhe, Bixin and Laser. The labels of Zanhe and Laser are mostly white, while Bixin uses blue and Two types of yellow.

Please note that fake Kingston bars have appeared on the market. Kingston bars do not have a fixed chip, so the chips are different in each batch. Authentic and fake Kingston bars cannot be distinguished by their chips, but Kingston bars have different chips. The PCB board is unchanged and very distinctive. All Kingston memories in China will have a memory anti-counterfeiting number manufactured using a special process. This anti-counterfeiting measure is to use 4 digits on the memory anti-counterfeiting label and a special process to imprint the memory number on the memory PCB board. The biggest advantage of using this anti-counterfeiting measure is that it is extremely difficult for counterfeiters to imitate if they do not have professional memory manufacturing skills. Therefore, using this method to make assumptions will give those who are counterfeiting The most painful blow. In addition, the PCB circuits of Kingston memory are very fine, and they are made of pins and holes. However, the fake strip PCB boards and Apacer PCB boards currently on the market are similar.

1 Visual inspection method:

You can verify whether it is a genuine Kingston memory module by checking whether the 4-digit numbers on the PCB and the module are consistent.

In addition, you can call the 800 number or check the authenticity of the website on the global network. You only need to submit the relevant memory product information to the website, and the website will help you identify yours in a very short time. Whether the purchased Kingston memory is counterfeit.

KingMax memory identification method:

In the current memory market, there are more fake KingMax products, but it is much easier to identify than Kingston. This is Because KingMax uses a unique chip anti-counterfeiting technology - Guan Gong Red Core, the "Guan Gong Red Core" anti-counterfeiting technology launched by KingMax is to set a chip at the position of the fourth particle on the front of the PCB board using Kingmax's globally exclusive patented TinyBGA packaging technology. red coding particles; secondly, the ID CODE (global unified identification code) is added to the chip for special applications, making each piece of memory unique. Due to its uniqueness, there are very few fakes

< p> In addition, the TingBGA color packaging technology used in KingMax memory is a patented technology exclusively owned by KingMax. The use of TingBGA in memory can be said to make its products non-replicable. It is reported that with just a BGA packaging technology, counterfeiters will have to spend at least 100 million yuan to enter. This is also an important reason for counterfeiters to quit. Moreover, KingMax also provides an 800 toll-free telephone number for inquiry and verification, so we only need to It will be easier to avoid fakes by identifying the packaging and appearance of KingMax.

Samsung gold bar memory identification method:

In the market, Samsung gold bars have a relatively small share, which is related to its relatively high value. Although its market share is not large, The profiteers have not forgotten this, and fake and parallel imports are still coming out. Friends who are interested in Samsung gold bars should look carefully when purchasing, otherwise, you will suffer a big loss if the gold bars turn into copper bars. Generally speaking, we can identify whether Samsung gold bars are genuine from the following aspects.

1. Product label: The model label of the Samsung gold bar is located on the first and second particles from the left of the memory product. It is a white special paper sticker that cannot be easily removed completely. It has the model number and capacity of the product printed on it. , working frequency.

2. Anti-counterfeiting label: The anti-counterfeiting label of Samsung Gold Bar is located on the second particle from the right of the memory product. The golden laser label has the "Samsung Gold Bar" LOGO printed on it.

3. Chip gloss: Original Samsung memory - the surface of Samsung gold bar chips is generally very textured, either shiny or fluorescent, or matte.

4. Look at the PCB board: The PCB surface of Samsung gold bars should be smooth and gray in color, the components should be soldered neatly, the solder joints should be uniform and shiny, the edges should be neat and without burrs, and the "Samsung" LOGO should be printed on it. .

5. Bright gold fingers: The gold fingers of Samsung gold bars should be bright and should not be white or black. Whiteness is a sign of poor coating quality, and blackness is the result of wear and oxidation.

6. The original Samsung gold bars are packed in a large transparent box, and the package comes with Samsung gold bar instructions and the country's first electronic warranty card! And inferior Samsung memory does not!

Of course, one more thing that is indispensable is the 800 number. As the old saying goes, don’t bother with it. Generally, profiteers selling fake goods will use various reasons to prevent you from calling the 800 number at their place. Some careless ones Users fell into their trap just for convenience.

How to identify modern memory (compatibility strips):

Modern compatibility strips should be the most widely shipped product in the market, although in terms of quality, compatibility strips are better than brand memory A little worse, but it is still favored by many consumers for its low price, but HY also has the most fakes in the market. In fact, modern compatibility strips are not considered a brand. They refer to those memory compatibility strips that use HY chips. However, according to research, 80 to 90% of the HY compatibility strips currently on the market do not use HY chips. More It is even polished in some family workshops. Therefore, if you want to choose a modern compatibility strip due to budget constraints, you need to think carefully.

Due to the large volume of modern compatibility strips shipped, it is difficult to have a unified standard to identify authenticity. We can only identify them based on the chip.

First of all, the real modern memory sticks have original labels, while the fake ones have ordinary stickers; the real modern memory chips are arranged without gaps on the entire circuit, while the fake ones have obvious gaps; real modern memory chips A circular groove can be seen on the back, while the fake modern memory chip has three circular marks arranged in a straight line on the back. Genuine modern memory chips have a circular groove in the lower left corner and a row of slightly darker printing in the lower right corner. Fake chips do not have these features. The writing on genuine modern memory chips is clear, while the edges of the writing on fake memory chips are unclear and some have burrs. As long as you observe carefully when buying and selling, you should be able to identify it.

How to identify modern memory (original memory):

Hynix original memory is what we call modern original memory. It is relatively rare in the market, but It also does not prevent unscrupulous traders from selling modern compatibility strips as original strips. Below, the author will show you the difference between genuine and fake original Hyundai strips.

Let’s first take a look at the characteristics of the original factory. The original factory’s memory uses a wide-version design, not the conventional memory PCB with compatibility strips, and the original factory’s PCB is clearly marked “Modern”

South Korea", the fake one does not. The back of the memory adopts a large-area copper-clad design, and the wiring is smooth and smooth. There is a certain distance between each line. The fake note uses the most common bottom plate, with only a few capacitors and resistors. Furthermore, the laser printing in the memory chips is very clear, which can be distinguished by touching and looking at it. The words on the fake original strip are printed, and the feel is obviously different. In addition, the manufacturer and place of origin are listed next to the memory SPD, which is generally not found on fake products.

Apacer memory identification method:

Apacer does not have many users in the memory market, and the frequency of its fake products is correspondingly much less, but this does not represent the market. There is no fake Apacer memory. From the anti-counterfeiting guide published by Apacer Electronics, we can easily identify genuine and fake Apacer memory.

Identification method:

1. The product has a barcode sticker with the Apacer trademark.

2. The Apacer trademark and board number are printed on the circuit board of the memory module.

3. There is an anti-counterfeiting label on the back of the memory module. You only need to peel off the paint and log in to the serial number online to check the authenticity. In addition, the packaging also provides a variety of colors and easy-to-tear labels with numerical codes, and the coding principles are changed from time to time to prevent counterfeiters from taking advantage.

ADATA memory identification method:

ADATA's "Colorful Colors" series memory is deeply loved by consumers for its excellent performance and low price. Although this product relies on its The unique appearance and ultra-low price prevent fakes, but a batch of parallel-imported ADATA memories have appeared in the market. Although the quality of parallel imports is the same as genuine products, the high-end genuine "Red Veyron" provides a 5-year replacement warranty, and the low-end genuine "Wan Zi Qian Hong" provides a 3-year replacement warranty. Parallel imports do not have this service. If there is a problem and you need service, Pay some fees.

Fortunately, the difference between ADATA parallel-imported memory and genuine memory is very easy to distinguish. You only need to check whether the anti-counterfeiting label of Longjun Technology, the general distributor of ADATA in China, is affixed to the memory. , this CRL is specially made for mainland China. If there is no CRL mark, it is definitely a parallel import.

How to identify Yisheng Memory:

Nanya Technology is a Taiwanese company, and its Yisheng Memory is a representative of the new generation in the memory market, although it is not as good as the traditional ones like Kingston. It’s a big brand, but there are also many counterfeits of “Elixir” memory in the market

In fact, the method to identify “Elixir” memory is very simple. Nanya Technology and its agents in China "Xunyi International" cooperates with the company to fully launch the concept of laser anti-counterfeiting labels and "physical anti-counterfeiting". When purchasing, users only need to directly identify the laser anti-counterfeiting labels and physical anti-counterfeiting of "Elixir" memory to identify it anytime and anywhere. "Elixir" ensures the authenticity of the memory, thereby effectively protecting one's legitimate rights and interests. At the same time, "Elixir" has comprehensive memory and a new and exquisite packaging, further forming a significant difference from fakes. The picture above shows four obvious signs that distinguish fakes.

How to identify Black King Kong memory:

KingBox’s Chinese name is “Black King Kong” and is a memory brand affiliated to Taiwan Weihe Technology Co., Ltd. Although it has not been in the memory market for a long time, However, it has gained a good reputation, so many people with evil intentions have taken advantage of it.

However, the genuine Black King Kong is also very easy to identify. Its products use a dark red color on one side and a purple color on the other. The plan is the same even on the nameplate on the front. It is unique and has no semicolon. In addition to the metal "Black King Kong" words on the back of the memory stick, there are also small metal words "KINGBOX" on the front. Moreover, the genuine Black King Kong has a warranty card, but the fake one does not. The most attractive thing about Black Diamond is its excellent after-sales service commitment: three-year replacement and lifetime warranty, and it’s all free as long as it’s not man-made damage! Therefore, we must be very careful when purchasing and never buy fakes.

Three. Judgment of the monitor

You can check the panel and production time of the monitor to determine whether it is a new product or an original panel! ~

ACER

When the monitor is turned off, press and hold AUTO and MENU at the same time, then press POWER to turn on the monitor. After booting, release MENU and press MENU again to pop up the OSD menu. At this time A red F will appear in the upper left corner. Adjust the cursor to the F symbol and press MENU to activate factory mode.

There is an item "TIME" at the bottom of the factory mode menu, which is the total usage time of the LCD. .

SAMSUNG

When the phone is on, bring up the OSD menu, adjust the brightness and contrast to 0, then enter "Information" in the menu, press and hold SOURCE (some models should be ENTER ) key for about 5 seconds, wait until SERVICE FUNCTION appears in the center of the screen, which means factory mode is activated

The number after the first item "MONITOR ON TIME" in the factory mode menu is the total number of the LCD. Use time.

DELL

In the off state, press and hold the ENTER and + keys of the monitor at the same time, then press POWER to turn on the computer, and press the MENU key to select FACTORY to activate factory mode

In factory mode, you can see the backlight time "BACKLIGHT TIME", which is the total usage time of the LCD.

LG

When the power is off, press and hold MENU, then press POWER to turn on the phone. When the image appears, let go. Press MENU again to activate the factory mode.

In factory mode You can see the factory time, for example, "2006.10.18" is displayed, which means the factory was shipped on October 18, 2006.

PHILIPS

The early PHILIPS LCD can be judged by displaying the number of times it is turned on and off in factory mode. The current LCD method is as follows

In the shutdown state, press and hold AUTO at the same time and MENU keys, and then press POWER to turn on the computer. After the image appears, let go, and press MENU again to open the OSD menu. At this time, there will be some new options in the OSD menu, among which the factory date will be displayed under the serial number, such as "2006-07-17 "That is, it was shipped from the factory on July 17, 2006.

The new aircraft panels are already LPL panels, please pay attention when choosing! ~(It’s a good thing.)

Four. CPU package differences and identification

This requires caution (you can go to the Guangzhou assembly store for more details:)

Take 360 as an example for identification.

I am not familiar with IN products, which is a shortcoming!

The difference between boxed, original and packaged CPUs.

Nowadays, JS doesn’t even want to sell bulk CPUs, and basically sells boxed CPUs

JS adds a box to the loose CPU, and it is said to be a boxed CPU to the outside world. Note that this is JS's term for "boxed". You must not fall for this trick and think that the boxed CPU is truly genuine.< /p>

Use this method to deal with JS:

Customer: Do you have bulk CPUs here?

JS: No, I sell them all in boxes. Is it genuine...

Customer: Boxed? Is it packaged? Is it original?

Please pay attention to the difference between the words boxed, packaged and original.

p>

A loose CPU + a box is called a box, and there is also a fan, but the fan is only guaranteed for 1 year

To the outside world, JS calls this kind of CPU a box, and it is generally called a box among people in the industry. The price of a packaged CPU is about 10 yuan more than the price of a loose CPU.

The real boxed one is now called original by JS, and the fan is guaranteed for 3 years. Please pay attention when buying a machine.

How to identify this kind of packaged CPU can be found in many places on the Internet, but the easiest way is to look at the seal of the box. If the seal has a rough pattern like RMB, it is basically original. , if it is smooth, it is 100% encapsulated.

If you say the word encapsulated when buying a CPU, I think you may be a little shocked by JS!

Identification of CPU< /p>

Let’s first take a look at INTEL’s CPU method

As we all know, CPU is an important piece of computer accessories. Everyone attaches great importance to it when buying it, but the CPU market is relatively "chaotic" "In order to obtain high profits, many unscrupulous vendors are selling remarked, disassembled or "fake" original package CPUs. Although the CPU itself cannot be counterfeited, they pass it off as a good one, use it in bulk and pretend to be boxed, and use low-frequency CPUs. Various despicable means such as selling high-frequency CPUs often occur in the market. In order to avoid being deceived when purchasing, we will introduce some knowledge and skills in identifying genuine and fake CPUs.

As the world's largest CPU chip manufacturer, Intel's Pentium and Celeron series CPUs have always had the highest market share in the market, so Intel CPUs have naturally become the first choice for counterfeiting.

There are three main types of Intel CPUs retailed on the market: original boxed, fake boxed and bulk. The price of the original boxed CPU is higher than that of the loose CPU. There is a price difference of about 80 to 200 yuan between the boxed CPU and the loose CPU of the same frequency. Therefore, some unscrupulous vendors repackage the loose CPU that does not enter the country through normal channels and treat it as the original Sold with CPU included. Although this kind of CPU is packaged, users cannot enjoy the three-year warranty service provided by Intel for genuine CPUs, and the included ones are all fake Intel cooling fans.

Intel's original boxed CPUs are mainly sold in the Hong Kong SAR. There are not many genuine original boxed CPUs in the mainland market, but the CPU and radiator are packaged together in the mainland. The above two original boxed CPUs are real boxed CPUs. Although they are more expensive, they come with a three-year warranty (national joint warranty) and come with original high-quality cooling fans.

Fake boxed CPUs are filled with shoddy radiators and Intel bulk CPUs. They are actually OEM loose chips. These loose chips are packaged by some merchants themselves and then paired with a very average quality CPU. Fake Intel radiator. On many counters, this kind of fake boxed CPU is called "small box" product, with a shelf life of one year. This is the one-year warranty provided by the merchant itself. If during this year, the merchant closes its doors and slips away, you The warranty promise obtained has become a piece of paper. If you want to ensure that you are buying a genuine Intel CPU, you should purchase it as follows:

1. Go to reputable merchants to buy CPU products

You should go to well-known and reputable local merchants to buy CPU products. Don't go for cheap and buy them at some over-the-counter stores.

2. Make a call to check the CPU serial number

When buying a boxed CPU, you should call toll-free 800 (8008201100) to verify whether it is genuine. This is the toll-free inquiry hotline of the Intel Support Center. You need to call it from Monday to Friday, between 9 am and 5 pm. Intel service personnel will ask you to quote the corresponding serial numbers on the CPU, radiator and packaging box, and then Tell you the truth. You can check the SL5VK number on the surface of the CPU, the packaging box, and the cooling fan. There is a serial number here. Just tell the Intel service personnel the serial number over the phone.

Note: The serial number on the surface of a genuine boxed CPU should be the same as the serial number on the packaging box, and should also correspond to the serial number of the cooling fan. You can call for free 800 (8008201100) phone number for verification. You should carefully check whether the SLXXX number on the surface of the CPU is consistent with the sticker on the outside of the box, so that you can initially identify fakes.

3. The main means of CPU anti-counterfeiting: software detection

As the appearance of CPUs is constantly changing, and the level of CPU counterfeiting is constantly improving, it is difficult to distinguish the authenticity of CPUs with the naked eye, so special software (such as WCPUID and Intel CPU ID Utility) are currently the most important means to identify the authenticity of the CPU.

(1) Using WCPUID

WCPUID is a professional-level CPU testing software that can identify the model levels of Intel, AMD, VIA and other family CPUs. After executing WCPUID, the system will pop up a window listing the main parameters of the current CPU, such as type, core frequency, system clock frequency, cache, etc. However, WCPUID also has certain limitations. It is powerless against those CPUs with Remark clock speeds and can only detect CPUs pretending to be using different cores. For this purpose, you can use the Intel CPU ID Utility to further detect the CPU.

(2) Using Intel CPU ID Utility

Similar to how everyone has an ID number, each CPU also has a unique ID number (i.e. CPUID), CPUID It is built into the CPU by the manufacturer when the CPU is manufactured. Since all the external marks of the CPU can be changed manually, the CPUID remains unchanged for life. You can only use software to read the ID number, but you cannot change the ID number. Therefore, using this principle, the CPU ID tool can identify real and fake Intel CPUs: display the exact information of the CPU, including key information such as mobile version, main frequency, FSB, L2 cache, etc., thereby identifying overclocked CPUs and making them eye-catching land is displayed.

When we buy a CPU, it is best to bring the latest version of the Intel Frequency ID Utility software. This software can identify the CPU model, series, cache, processor characteristics and other indicators. It can not only easily Easily distinguish between old and new P4, easily identify Celeron 4 and P4, and detect whether the CPU is overclocked.

Note: Do not believe the merchant’s claim that the motherboard can automatically detect the authenticity of the CPU, including using original Intel motherboards to detect the authenticity of the CPU, which is also untrustworthy. Because some fake CPUs can deceive the motherboard's automatic detection by modifying their internal circuits.