Channgle Watermelon is a geographical indication certification trademark. Changle watermelon is an agricultural product with geographical indication.
Changle is located in a warm temperate monsoon climate zone, with early warming in spring and large temperature differences. It has a large area of ??sandy soil and is rich in potassium, which has good natural conditions for producing high-yield and high-quality watermelons. Changle watermelon has a long history. It is famous both inside and outside the province for its early maturity, thin skin, crisp flesh and sweet taste. It is listed as one of the specialty fruits of Shandong Province.
Changle is a major watermelon growing county. Its unique geographical location, moderate sunshine hours, and inherited planting techniques make Changle watermelons famous for their thin skin, gritty flesh, and sweet juice. At present, all watermelons in Changle have implemented standardized production, with a stable planting area of ??200,000 acres, an annual output of nearly 600,000 tons, and an annual output value of about 1.2 billion yuan, of which the facility cultivation area is nearly 160,000 acres, ranking first in the country.
Channgle watermelon has a long-standing reputation and has a cultivation history of 200 years. The Jiaqing edition of Changle County Chronicles in the Qing Dynasty has records of watermelon planting. The Republic of China edition of Changle County Chronicles states: "Beixiang County The production is the largest and the best, and a lot of it is shipped and sold to Qingdao every year." The suitable climate and sandy soil rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have made Changle watermelon famous for its "early, large and sweet" characteristics.
In 1969, the "Mibao" variety was introduced and promoted, which was listed as a famous specialty fruit of Shandong Province and began to be sold to Hong Kong. In the early 1970s, the planting of Changle seedless watermelons filled a gap in the province. In 1972, Changle was designated as the central special melon production base. In April 1997, Changle Watermelon passed the national Class A green food certification. In the same year, __ town was named the "Hometown of China's Seedless Watermelon" by the China Specialty Products Hometown Recommendation and Promotion Organizing Committee. In June 2000, Yaogou Town was named the “No. 1 Watermelon Town in China” by the China Specialty Products Township Recommendation and Promotion Committee. In 2008, Changle watermelon was designated as a "National Geographical Indication Agricultural Product" by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Regional Scope
The geographical protection scope of Changle Watermelon Geographical Indication is the administrative area under the jurisdiction of Changle County, including the four towns of __, Honghe, Yingqiu, Qiaoguan and Baocheng, The geographical coordinates of Chengguan, Chengnan, Wutu and Zhuliu streets are 118°43′-119°10′ east longitude and 36°19′-36°46′ north latitude. The altitude is between 25 meters and 381 meters. The production area is 5,800 hectares, the annual output is 174,000 tons, and the annual income is 392 million yuan.
Natural ecological environment and humanistic and historical factors
(1) Soil and landform conditions: Changle County is a low mountain and hilly area, with many low mountains in the central and western parts, many hills in the southeast, and many hills in the north and south. There is a plain area at each end. Micro landforms include low hills, barren slopes, riverside terraces, slope terraces, near-mountain terraces, valley terraces, etc. The rocks exposed on the surface are mostly limestone in the north, basalt in the central and western parts, and granite gneiss in the southeast. The soil is divided into three soil types: cinnamon soil, brown soil and fluvo-aquic soil. The average pH value of the soil plow layer is 7.2, with a range of 6.2-8; the average organic matter is 1.19, alkali-lyzed ammonia is 86.5ppm, available phosphorus is 27.9ppm, and available potassium is 127.1ppm.
(2) Hydrological conditions: There are 35 rivers over 5 kilometers in the county, but most of them are seasonal rivers, with a total drainage area of ??1,568 square kilometers and a total water resource of 305.15 million cubic meters, including 147.35 million cubic meters of groundwater. , 297.38 million cubic meters of surface water. The salinity range of groundwater is generally 216-400mg/l, and the pH value is between 6.5-8. The mineralization type is HCO3-→Ca→Cl-→Na type water. The influencing factors are mainly non-point source pollution, and there is no potential large-scale industrial pollution.
(3) Climate conditions: Changle County has an eastern warm temperate monsoon continental climate with four distinct seasons: warm spring, humid and rainy summer, cool autumn, and cold and dry winter. The annual average temperature is 12.6°C, the precipitation is 594.6 mm, the relative humidity is 65, the sunshine hours are 2421.3 hours, and the frost-free period is 190 days. The main natural disasters are drought, waterlogging, hail, wind and low temperature and continuous rain.
(4) Humanistic and historical situation: Changle watermelon has a long history. The "Channgle County Chronicle" published in the 14th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty contains records of the planting of Changle watermelon. It has a cultivation history of 200 years.
Changle watermelons are of excellent quality. The Republic of China version of "Changle County Chronicles" records that "Beixiang produces the most and the best watermelons, and a lot of them are shipped and sold to Qingdao every year." Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, they were mainly distributed in the Jinshan area in the south of Changle and the Zhuliuduchang area in the north, which are the famous "Southern and Northern Capitals". In 1969, it was listed as one of the famous specialties of Shandong Province. In the early 1970s, the production of seedless watermelons filled the gap in the province, and in 1972 it was listed as a national special melon production base. In 1997, Changle Watermelon passed the green food certification. In 1982, the watermelon double-film covering cultivation technology was introduced and promoted. In 1986, the watermelon grafting cultivation technology began to be tested and promoted. It has now developed into Yangqi grafting seedling cultivation and double-film or multi-film cultivation based on high-temperature greenhouses and large arch sheds. Changle County Government attaches great importance to watermelon production. Changle watermelon has become the first pillar industry of the county's agriculture, with an average annual sowing area of ??150,000 acres and a total output of 600,000 tons. It has formed a specialized town and 47 specialized villages, registered_ There are more than 10 trademarks such as _, Lebao, Yilin, and Taihe, among which __ seedless watermelon has been rated as a famous agricultural product in Shandong Province. Yaogou Town, the hometown of watermelon, was named the "No. 1 Watermelon Town in China", and Yaogou Watermelon Market was designated as a national designated market. Changle County has successively implemented projects such as the Ministry of Agriculture’s Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Field, the National Watermelon Standardization Demonstration Zone, and the Construction of a Watermelon Improved Seed Factory Breeding Base.
Production technical requirements
(1) Origin selection and special content regulations: Watermelon cultivation should choose sandy loam or loam soil with higher terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil In the plot, avoid using peanuts and beans as the first crop.
(2) Variety selection and specific requirements: For watermelon protected land cultivation, varieties should be selected that are resistant to diseases and insect pests, easy to set fruit, have good appearance and intrinsic quality, can tolerate low temperature and low light, and are easy to survive grafting.
(3) Production process management, including special usage regulations for agricultural inputs: Generally, a small arch shed is set up in a large arch shed, and the small arch shed is covered with a multi-film protective cultivation model. Use gourds or hybrid pumpkins as rootstocks for grafting and raising seedlings. Transplant when the temperature is stable above 10°C and the ground temperature within 10 cm of the shed is stable above 13°C. Pour plenty of water when transplanting. Use the three-vine method to prune, leaving only the main vine
and two sub-vines, and fix them with branches to guide the directional growth of the melon vines. Select the second and third female flower-bearing melons on the main vine for artificial pollination. Strict formula fertilization, the base fertilizer is mainly decomposed high-quality ring fertilizer and soybean meal, and the top dressing is mainly quick-acting phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. During the spreading period, apply 20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and water once; during the melon expansion period, apply 30 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and water 2-3 times. Stop watering 5-7 days before harvest. Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases promotes the use of agricultural, physical, biological and other measures. Chemical prevention and control strictly prohibits the use of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides. Rotate the use of prescribed pesticide varieties with high efficiency and low toxicity, and strictly implement the safety interval system.
(4) Regulations on product harvesting, slaughtering, fishing and post-harvest handling: Pick watermelons at the right time when they show the inherent characteristics of the variety. Generally, seeded watermelons are picked 35-40 days after pollination, and seedless watermelons are picked 42-45 days after pollination. Sampling inspection of fertilizer residues and sugar content is carried out before harvesting. Grading and packaging are carried out during picking. When temporary storage is required, a cool, dry and ventilated place should be chosen.
(5) Production record requirements: truthfully record production inputs, especially the names, sources, usage, dosage and dates of use and discontinuation of fertilizers and pesticides; harvest date; quality inspection status; sales status . Production records should be kept for two years.
Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations
(1) External sensory characteristics: Fruit development is normal and complete, without any trauma, fresh and clean; it has the expected characteristics of this variety Excellent fruit shape, color and stripes; no mildew, rot, odor, diseases and insect pests.
(2) Intrinsic quality indicators: The rind thickness of large melons is less than 1 cm, and the rind thickness of small melons is less than 0.3 meters. Large melons (a single melon weighs more than 5 kilograms) have a central sugar content greater than 10.5 degrees, and small melons (a single melon weighs less than 2.5 kilograms) have a central sugar content greater than 11.5 degrees.
(3) Safety requirements: Watermelons entering the market must meet the health indicators of the Ministry of Agriculture's "Pollution-free Food Watermelons" (NY5109-2005) (see the table below for details).
Products falling under the circumstances specified in Article 33 of the Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law shall not be put on the market for sale.
Relevant regulations such as packaging labeling
Watermelons of the same variety, with regular fruit shape and consistent size are qualified products. Fruits that are small, deformed, or have mechanical damage or insect or disease damage will be handled separately. Watermelons certified as pollution-free agricultural products, green food, organic agricultural products, etc. must be packaged and sold. Packaging materials must comply with national mandatory technical specifications. Before packaging, each watermelon is bagged and then put into bags or boxes.