Grape planting in Wuhai City began in the 1960s, when several varieties such as seedless white and longan were introduced for experiments. After successful introduction, several production gardens were established and developed simultaneously in the courtyard. At present, the grape planting area in the city is more than 2 100 hectares, and more than 0/00 excellent varieties have been introduced. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have formulated a long-term development plan for the construction of organic grape production bases, adjusted measures to local conditions, guided the situation, strengthened policy guidance and support, vigorously supported the development of leading agricultural enterprises, and formulated a series of financial subsidy policies such as greenhouse construction, seedling raising, production and planting, purchase price of wine grapes, and loan interest discount. It is determined to build a grape planting base of 65,438+10,000 mu in 2020, and build 100 wineries (castles), family wineries and grape estates. At the same time, the grape processing industry is booming, and Inner Mongolia Hansen Wine Group Co., Ltd. is committed to building a national brand of China wine. Hanson dry red wine is a well-known trademark in China and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. Hansen wine has won many gold medals in domestic and international expositions, and Hansen has been listed in the top 500 most famous brands in China.
territorial scope
Wuhai City is located in the southwest of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in the Yellow River Basin. East of Ordos Plateau, adjacent to Otog Banner; Wuhu Mountain, the remnant vein of Helan Mountain in the west, borders Alashan Zuo Qi in Alashan League; It starts from the southeast edge of Wulanbuhe Desert in the north and borders on Dengkou of Bayannur City and Otog Banner of Ordos City. South to Yinchuan Plain in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, across the river from Shizuishan City. Area ***3 towns and 3 offices. North latitude 3915'-39 52', east longitude106 36'-107 06'. Zhuozi Mountain is the highest, the main peak is 2 149.4m above sea level, and the general mountain area is 1400- 1800m above sea level. The total production area is 2000 hectares and the annual output is 18636 tons.
Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors
(1) Soil landform: The Yellow River enters from Shizuishan City, Ningxia, flows through Wuhai City, and leaves in Otog Banner, dividing the whole city into Hedong and Hexi. Its terrain is high in the east and low in the west; It is high in the south and low in the north, forming a trough-shaped terrain in the north-south direction. The soils in Wuhai area are mostly gray desert soil and brown calcium soil, in which the gray desert soil contains 0.8497% of organic matter, 0.0729% of total nitrogen, 0.0655% of total phosphorus, 65,438 0.90% of total potassium, 49ppm of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, 65438±00 ppm of potassium, 0.9532% of organic matter and 0.0442% of total nitrogen.
(2) Hydrological situation: The rivers in Wuhai belong to the Yellow River system. The Yellow River is the main water supply source for agriculture in this city. During irrigation, the water temperature of the Yellow River is between 14-22℃ and the salinity is1g/L. ..
(3) Climate: Wuhai City is located in the depths of the mainland, with remarkable continental climate, long sunshine time, strong solar radiation, large temperature difference between day and night, dry climate and heavy sandstorm. The annual average temperature is 9.0-9.2℃, and the annual average rainfall is162.4-168.5mm. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in July and August. The annual average wind speed is 3.1-4.7m/s; The annual average relative humidity is only 43%; The average annual sunshine is 3047.3-3227.4 hours, and the frost-free period is 156- 165 days, which is suitable for the growth of most crops in the north, especially for the cultivation of grapes.
(4) Human and historical situation: Grape planting in Wuhai City began in 1960s, when several varieties such as seedless white, longan and Bai Yuan were introduced for experiments. After the successful introduction, a number of production parks were established one after another and developed synchronously in the courtyard. At present, the city's grape planting area is 2000 hectares, with more than 0/0000 courtyard grapes and more than 0/000 fine varieties of/kloc-introduced, making it the largest grape production base in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The municipal government has included grape planting in Wuhai's "Tenth Five-Year Plan" national economic plan, formulated a long-term development plan for the construction of pollution-free grape production bases, and introduced various preferential policies to encourage farmers to plant grapes. In recent years, the pace of grape production has also been greatly accelerated. The planting area has increased from the original 13.3 hectares to the present 2000 hectares. The main varieties developed to seedless white, Sengu, Kyoho, mare's milk, longan and other 10 varieties. Grape planting has brought considerable economic benefits to fruit farmers and greatly improved their enthusiasm for production. The grape production base has begun to take shape.
Among the grape growing areas in China, Wuhai region belongs to the first independent growing area in the middle temperate zone, and is praised by domestic grape experts as "a promising grape growing area in China". The grapes produced have high sugar content, moderate acidity, bright color, rich aroma, few pests and diseases, no pesticide pollution and excellent quality, and have won many national and autonomous region awards.
Production technical requirements
(1) Selection of origin and special content: the salt content of soil is not higher than 0.3%, sandy loam and loam are suitable, the pH value is not higher than 8.5, and the groundwater level is higher than1.0m; ; Improve the tough soil with serious leakage and poor water holding capacity.
(2) Variety selection and specific requirements:
Suitable varieties: seedless white, red soil, longan, rose fragrance, Kyoho, Morigu, etc.
Red wine varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Syrah, etc.
White wine varieties: Chardonnay, Riesling, Qiong Yao pulp, Sauvignon Blanc, etc.
Red wine varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Syrah, etc.
White wine varieties: Chardonnay, Riesling, Qiong Yao pulp, Sauvignon Blanc, etc.
(3) Production process management: Pruning, fertilization, irrigation and harvesting shall be carried out in accordance with the technical regulations for standardized production of various varieties, and the right medicine shall be prescribed in strict accordance with the Limited Time and Dosage of Chemical Pesticides in Pollution-free Grape Production, and the concentration and application times shall not be increased or decreased at will, and the pesticide safety interval shall be strictly implemented.
(4) Product harvesting regulations: The soluble solid content of wine grapes is greater than 19% when harvested (measured by hand-held refractometer). Harvesting in sunny days, loading in time after harvesting, and transporting to the winery for pressing within 12 hours to keep the fruits fresh and meet the brewing requirements.
(5) Production record requirements: Grape production enterprises and farmers' specialized cooperative economic organizations shall establish production records in accordance with the requirements of the Law on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, and record the names, sources, uses, dosage, date of use and discontinuation of the inputs used; Occurrence and control of grape diseases and insect pests; Harvest date, etc. Production records shall be kept for two years.
Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations
This part mainly describes the characteristics of registered products and the provisions on product quality and safety, mainly including:
(1) External sensory characteristics: seedless white grape: the skin color is green and yellow; Red globe grape: thick waxy skin, uniform fruit powder, hard and crisp meat, dark brown seeds, bright red inside each fruit particle and around the fruit stalk; Morigu grape: light yellow and green, with complete fruit powder.
(2) Intrinsic quality index: The soluble solid content of seedless white grape is above 19%, and the acid content is about 0.5%. The soluble solid content of Red Globe grape was measured by refractive sugar content, and the sugar content was more than 65438 08%. The soluble solid content of Shenggu grape reached more than 17% when it was harvested.
(3) Safety requirements: Wuhai grapes should be produced and managed in strict accordance with the Technical Specification for Standardized Production of Pollution-free Grapes in Wuhai City, agricultural inputs should be used rationally, highly toxic pesticides prohibited by the state should be strictly used, and pesticide safety intervals should be strictly implemented. Only through pesticide residue testing can it be listed.
Packaging identification and other relevant regulations.
(1) packaging: the grapes sold shall be packaged in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products.
(2) Identification: Identification users should uniformly use geographical indications of agricultural products on their products or their packaging (Wuhai grape name and identification pattern combination marking type).
(3) Others: Transportation and storage shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products.