The identification of ancient porcelain is a complex and delicate task, involving many aspects of knowledge and skills. Listed below are 26 commonly used ancient porcelain identification methods to help you better understand the quality, era and value of porcelain. Please note that not all of these methods are applicable to every piece of porcelain, and appraisers often use a combination of methods to make an accurate determination.
1. Body quality: Observe the body quality of porcelain, including texture, density and texture, to determine its production process and age.
2. Glaze: Check the color, gloss and texture of the glaze to identify whether it is original, discolored or repaired.
3. Penetration: Look for tiny cracks, penetrations and spots inside the glaze to determine the quality and age of the glaze.
4. Decoration: Analyze the decorative patterns, painting styles and techniques on porcelain, and compare the style characteristics of historical periods.
5. Painting: Identify the types and usage of paints, such as overglaze paint, underglaze paint, and multicolored paint.
6. Rim: Observe the shape and treatment of the porcelain rim to determine the production process and characteristics of the times.
7. Bottom deposit: Look for the name, inscription and imprint on the bottom of the porcelain to learn about the manufacturer and age of the porcelain.
8. Aggregate: Determine the type and origin of raw materials used in porcelain through chemical analysis.
9. Kiln mouth: Compare the shape and characteristics of porcelain kiln mouths, and identify different kiln mouths and origins.
10. Comprehensive firing: comprehensively consider the quality, glaze and firing conditions of the porcelain to determine the authenticity and production level of the porcelain.
11. Grinding: By grinding and polishing the porcelain cross section, observe the texture and color changes at the junction.
12. Reflection: Use direct light and oblique light to observe the reflective effect of the porcelain surface and detect glaze and repair traces.
13. Jingdezhen identification: Based on the history and characteristics of Jingdezhen ceramics, determine whether the porcelain is produced in Jingdezhen.
14. Underglaze pattern: Observe the underglaze pattern of porcelain, including engraved lines, hollowing out and embossing techniques.
15. Paint: Test the paint and coating on the porcelain to determine whether it is a material used in ancient times.
16. Touch: By touching the surface of the porcelain, you can feel its texture and processing methods, and analyze the production process.
17. Color glaze: Study the color change, uniformity and gradient effect of the porcelain glaze to determine the age and authenticity.
18. Porcelain categories: Compare the morphological characteristics and functional uses of porcelain to determine the category of objects it belongs to.
19. Damage condition: Check the integrity of the porcelain, repair marks and surface wear, and comprehensively evaluate the value.
20. Type of porcelain: Identify different types and styles of porcelain based on its shape, caliber and bottom structure.
21. Weight: Weigh the weight of the porcelain and make a comparative analysis with reference to porcelain from similar periods.
22. Teeth: Gently bite the edge of the porcelain with your teeth, feel its material and taste, and evaluate the authenticity of the porcelain.
23. Firing marks: Look for the kiln entrance mark, inscription, date and other information on the porcelain to understand the production background.
24. Temperature discoloration: Use fire or temperature changes to observe the color changes and reactions of porcelain.
25. Firing marks: Check the firing marks on the bottom or cross section of the porcelain to determine the kiln mouth and process of production.
26. Appraisal experience: Use the experience and knowledge of professional appraisers to comprehensively use the above methods for appraisal.
It needs to be emphasized that porcelain appraisal requires an in-depth understanding of various histories, cultures and porcelain production techniques. Only experienced professional appraisers can accurately judge the authenticity, age and value of an ancient porcelain. . For non-professionals, it is best to seek professional help when purchasing ancient porcelain to avoid being deceived by fakes.