Black tea is one of the six major teas in our country. There are many different kinds of black tea, so do you know what kind of tea black tea includes? Today, I will introduce you to three kinds of tea that are common in black tea.
What kind of tea does black tea include?
Black tea is called black tea because its tea leaves are black. It is generally made from coarse and old crude tea through the technological processes of deactivation, rolling, stacking, coloring and drying. Black tea is a must for Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur and other ethnic groups. The main representative teas of black tea are as follows.
black tea-liubao tea
liubao tea is one of the most common kinds of black tea, which is produced in liubao mountain area in the northwest of cangwu county, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. The production of Liubao tea is divided into fresh leaves withering, rolling, chopping, pile fermentation, drying and other processes. Black tea-Liubao tea is characterized by "steaming" system, that is, the tea leaves to be dried are put into large wooden barrels in different grades and steamed to be soft, then spread into special bamboo baskets with round square bottom, naturally dried in warehouses, and finally stored for one or two months for aging, which is the finished product.
The tea soup of Liubao Tea is red in color, with strong and mellow tea flavor, containing areca nut aroma and unique flavor. It has the effects of clearing away heat, moistening lung, resolving stagnation and removing stagnation.
black tea-Yunnan Pu 'er tea
Yunnan Pu 'er tea is produced in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Xishuangbanna used to be under the jurisdiction of Pu 'er County, and the tea produced was distributed by Pu 'er County, hence the name. The processing technology and character of Pu 'er tea: The primary raw tea is divided into three specifications: spring, summer and autumn. Spring tea is divided into three grades: spring tip, middle spring and end spring; Summer tea is also called ershui; Autumn tea is called valley flower. Among Pu 'er tea, Chunjian and Guhua have the best quality. Pu 'er tea, which is made from its fresh leaves by a special process, has strong fragrance, foam resistance, bright yellow soup, quiet fragrance and mellow taste.
Its varieties include loose tea and compact tea such as Tuo tea and Fang tea, which are processed from loose tea. Loose tea is plump, straight and complete in shape, dark brown or brownish red in color, thick and bright in soup color, mellow and sweet in taste, with special old aroma and storage resistance, and is famous for its fragrance as it ages, so it is suitable for cooking and soaking. Pu 'er tea has obvious medicinal effects, such as sobering up first, promoting digestion, clearing stomach and promoting fluid production.
black tea-Hunan black tea
Hunan black tea, whose early production was mainly concentrated in Anhua, has been expanded to Taojiang, Yuanjiang, Hanshou, Ningxiang, Yiyang and Linxiang. The production of Hunan black hair tea is made up of one process: enzyme fixation, primary kneading, pile fermentation and coloring, secondary kneading, drying and praising. Generally divided into four grades, high-grade tea is tender and low-grade tea is coarse and old. The first-class tea strips are tight, round and straight, with tender leaves and dark and moist color. The secondary cable is still tight, and the color is black, brown and moist.
the third-grade tea strips are not tight, and they are loach strips, and the color is pure, with bamboo green, purple oil or willow blue. The fourth-grade tea leaves are wide and thick, the strips are loose and flat, and the color is yellow and brown. Hunan black hair tea requires mellow aroma, pine smoke fragrance, no rough astringency, orange soup color and yellow-brown leaf bottom. Compacted tea made from Hunan black tea includes black brick tea and flower brick tea produced by Baishaxi tea factory, special Fuzhuan tea produced by Yiyang tea factory, Xiangjian tea produced by Anhua tea factory, etc.
Preservation method of black tea
Black tea belongs to post-fermented tea. After processing, it needs natural aging. Therefore, how to store black tea is very important. In the process of storage and preservation, attention should be paid to avoid external factors such as indoor air humidity and irritating odor affecting the quality of black tea.
1. The storage place should be open, well ventilated and airtight. Ventilation contributes to the natural oxidation degree of black tea, and at the same time, proper absorption of water in the air can accelerate the wet-heat oxidation process of tea body and provide water and oxygen for microbial metabolism.
2. No humidity. When the air humidity is above 6%, it should be dehumidified regularly or the doors and windows should be opened frequently for ventilation, so as to avoid the mildew of black tea caused by air humidity.
3. It is forbidden to store in the same room with paint, alcohol, substances with strong odor such as chemical volatile odor. Because black tea has strong adsorption, it should not be put together with odorous substances.
4. When the sunshine temperature is strong in summer every year, put the black tea on the vent to dry for 3-7 days, and pay attention to avoid direct sunlight. Sun exposure will make tea products rapidly oxidized, resulting in bad chemical components such as sun smell.
5. Black tea belongs to pressed tea, so it is forbidden to soak in water or throw it, and the damaged shape or packaging will affect its preservation value.
Precautions on how to preserve black tea
If black tea becomes damp, moldy and white hair due to improper storage, it should be taken out in time and put in a ventilated and dry place, or dried in the sun. After a few days, the moldy hair will naturally disappear. If the white hair is serious, you can wipe the white hair on the surface with soft textiles such as brushes and towels, and then heat it with heaters such as hair dryers for more than ten minutes. However, the occurrence of black mold, green mold and gray mold shows that tea has been mildewed and can no longer be drunk.
the efficacy of black tea
1. Supplementing dietary nutrition
We know that black tea is rich in nutrients, mainly minerals and vitamins, as well as amino acids, sugars and other substances. For people who eat less in protein, drinking black tea is a good choice. It can supplement the body with minerals and vitamins, so it is called "tea of life".
2. Help digestion, relieve greasy and smooth the stomach
Caffeine, vitamins, amino acids and phospholipids in Anhua black tea are helpful to human digestion and regulate fat metabolism. The stimulation of caffeine can improve the secretion of gastric juice, thus increasing appetite and helping digestion. Japanese scholars have proved through scientific tests that Anhua black tea has strong functions of relieving greasy food and digestion, which is why meat-eating people especially like this kind of tea.
3. Reducing blood fat, losing weight, softening human blood vessels and preventing cardiovascular diseases
High blood lipid content will make lipids deposit on blood vessel walls, thus causing atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Anhua black tea has good effects of degrading fat, resisting blood coagulation, promoting fibrinogen dissolution and obviously inhibiting platelet aggregation. It can also relax the blood vessel wall and increase the effective diameter of blood vessels, thus inhibiting the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the inner wall of aorta and coronary artery. Achieve the purpose of lowering blood pressure, softening blood vessels and preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
The investigation in the consumption points of black tea in Qinghai and Gansu in China shows that long-term drinking of black tea has a good regulating effect on blood pressure, blood lipid, blood sugar and arteriosclerosis.
4. Anti-oxidation, anti-aging and prolonging life
Catechin, theaflavin, theanine and tea polysaccharide in black tea, especially complex flavonoids with high content, all have the function of scavenging free radicals, so they have anti-oxidation and anti-aging effects?
5. Anti-cancer and anti-mutation
A university in Hunan used the advanced technology of modern drug screening, Qualcomm mass screening technology, to screen the tumor cell model SGC791 of black tea, which proved that black tea had obvious inhibitory effect on tumor cells.
6. lowering blood pressure
it has long been reported that tea has the effect of lowering blood pressure. Recently, Japan reported that theanine, a unique amino acid in tea, can inhibit the increase of blood pressure by activating dopaminergic neurons.
7. Improve carbohydrate metabolism, lower blood sugar and prevent diabetes
Dark tea contains a large amount of tea polysaccharide, which can effectively lower blood pressure according to scientific verification. Therefore, it is also suitable for diabetics to drink more black tea.